Laser Safety
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Rosie's answer
Published by SALUSTo ensure laser safety, several key measures should be implemented. It is important to ensure that only qualified and trained employees are assigned to install, adjust, and operate laser equipment [1]. Proof of qualification should be available with the operator at all times [1].
Areas where lasers are in use must be clearly marked with standard laser warning placards [1]. When laser transmission is not required, beam shutters or caps should be utilized, or the laser should be turned off [1]. If the laser is left unattended for a substantial period, it must be turned off [1].
Direct the laser beam away from employees [1]. When weather conditions such as rain, snow, dust, or fog are present, the operation of laser systems should be prohibited where practicable [1]. The laser equipment should also bear a label indicating its maximum output [1].
Employees exposed to laser beams must be furnished with suitable laser safety goggles that provide protection for the specific wavelength of the laser and have adequate optical density for the energy involved [2]. All protective goggles should have a label that identifies the laser wavelengths for which they are intended, the optical density at those wavelengths, and the visible light transmission [3].
In industries other than medical, ensure laser equipment is operated and used according to ANSI Z136.1-2007 standards, or a standard offering equivalent or better protection [4]. In medical industries, ensure laser equipment is operated and used according to CSA standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60601-2-22-01 (R2005) and CSA standard Z386:20, or standards offering equivalent or better protection [5].
Sources used for this answer
[1] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
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- (d) ANSI Z136.6-2005, Safe Use of Lasers Out -doors or a standard offering equivalent or better pro -tection; and - (e) ANSI Z136.7-2008, American National Stand -ard for Testing and Labeling of Laser Protective Equipment or a standard offering equivalent or better protection. - 34 (2) In medical industries, an employer shall ensure that laser equipment is operated and used in accordance with the following standards: - (a) CSA standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. [redacted postal code]-2-22-01 (R2005), Medical electrical equipment - Part 2: Particular requirements for the safety of di -agnostic and therapeutic laser equipment (Adopted CEI/IEC 601-2-22:1995, second edition, 1995-11) or a standard offering equivalent or better protection; and - (b) CSA standard Z386:20, Safe use of lasers in health care or a standard offering equivalent or better protection. 2001-33; 2024-38 ## Infra-red Radiation ## Infra-red radiation - 35 (1) An employer shall ensure that all sources of in -tense infra-red radiation are shielded as near the source as possible by heat absorbing screens, water screens or other suitable devices. - 35 (2) An employer shall ensure that employees are provided with and wear properly fitting goggles, face shields or other adequate eye protective equipment when entering an area where they may be subjected to infrared radiation liable to injure or irritate the eyes. - 35 (3) An employee shall wear the eye protective equipment referred to in subsection (2) when entering an area where the employee may be subjected to infra-red radiation liable to injure or irritate the eyes. ## Ultraviolet Radiation ## Ultraviolet radiation - 36 Where emissions of ultraviolet radiation are in the spectral region between 180 nm and 400 nm, an em -ployer shall ensure that - d) la norme Z136.6-2005 de l'ANSI, intitulée Safe Use of Lasers Outdoors , ou une norme qui assure une protection équivalente ou…
[2] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
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## Exposure of the Hand to Vibration in either Up and Down, Sideways or Forward and Back Directions - * The total time vibration enters the hand per day, whether continuously or intermittently two remaining axes. If one or more vibration axis ex ** Usually one axis of vibration is dominant over the ceeds the total daily exposure, then the exposure limit *** 1 g = 9.81 m/s 2 - has been exceeded. 2001-33 ## PART VI ## NON-IONIZING RADIATION ## Laser Radiation ## Laser radiation - 34 (1) In industries other than medical industries, an employer shall ensure that laser equipment is operated and used in accordance with the following standards: - (a) ANSI Z136.1-2007, American National Stand -ard for Safe Use of Lasers or a standard offering equivalent or better protection; - (b) ANSI Z136.4-2005, Recommended Practice for Laser Safety Measurements for Hazard Evaluation or a standard offering equivalent or better protection; - (c) ANSI Z136.5-2020, Safe Use of Lasers in Edu -cational Institutions or a standard offering equivalent or better protection; aussi limitée que possible et ne dépasse pas les exposi -tions suivantes : ## Exposition aux vibrations affectant les mains dans les directions ascendante, descendante, latérale ou vers l'avant et l'arrière - * La période totale où les vibrations affectent les mains par jour, que ce soit de manière continue ou intermitten -te. *** 1 g = 9.81 m/s 2 - ** Habituellement un axe de vibration est dominant par rapport aux deux autres axes. Si un ou plusieurs axes de vibration dépassent l'exposition totale quotidienne, alors la limite d'exposition a été dépassée. 2001-33 ## PARTIE VI ## RAYONNEMENTS NON IONISANTS ## Rayonnements laser ## Rayonnements laser - 34 (1) L'employeur s'assure que, dans toute industrie autre que l'industrie médicale, l'équipement laser est opéré et utilisé conformément aux normes suivantes : - a) la norme Z136.1-2007 de l'ANSI, intitulée Ame -rican Na…
[3] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (Construction, Division 3, OSHA Oregon)
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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4). Stat. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295. Hist: APD Admin. Order 4-1989, f. 3/31/89, ef. 5/1/89 (temp). APD Admin. Order 8-1989, f. 7/7/89, ef. 7/7/89 (perm). ## 1926.54 Nonionizing Radiation - (a) Only qualified and trained employees shall be assigned to install, adjust, and operate laser equipment. - (b) Proof of qualification of the laser equipment operator shall be available and in possession of the operator at all times. - (c) Employees, when working in areas in which a potential exposure to direct or reflected laser light greater than 0.005 watts (5 milliwatts) exists, shall be provided with antilaser eye protection devices as specified in Subpart E of this part. - (d) Areas in which lasers are used shall be posted with standard laser warning placards. - (e) Beam shutters or caps shall be utilized, or the laser turned off, when laser transmission is not actually required. When the laser is left unattended for a substantial period of time, such as during lunch hour, overnight, or at change of shifts, the laser shall be turned off. - (f) Only mechanical or electronic means shall be used as a detector for guiding the internal alignment of the laser. - (g) The laser beam shall not be directed at employees. - (h) When it is raining or snowing, or when there is dust or fog in the air, the operation of laser systems shall be prohibited where practicable; in any event, employees shall be kept out of range of the area of source and target during such weather conditions. - (i) Laser equipment shall bear a label to indicate maximum output. - (j) Employees shall not be exposed to light intensities above: - (1) Direct staring: 1 micro-watt per square centimeter; - (2) Incidental observing: 1 milliwatt per square centimeter; - (3) Diffused reflected light: 2-1/2 watts per square centimeter. - (k) Laser unit in operation should be set up above …
[4] Safety and Health Regulations for Construction (OSHA)
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TABLE E-2-SELECTING LASER SAFETY GLASS - (ii) All protective goggles shall bear a label identifying the following data: - (A) The laser wavelengths for which use is intended; - (B) The optical density of those wavelengths; - (C) The visible light transmission. [44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR [redacted postal code], Apr. 6, 1979, as amended at 58 FR [redacted postal code], June 30, 1993; 81 FR [redacted postal code], Mar. 25, 2016]
[5] Safety and Health Regulations for Construction (OSHA)
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## 29 CFR 1926 (OSHA) - (2) Protective eye and face protection devices that the employer demonstrates are at least as effective as protective eye and face protection devices that are constructed in accordance with one of the above consensus standards will be deemed to be in compliance with the requirements of this section. - (c) Protection against radiant energy -(1) Selection of shade numbers for welding filter. Table E-1 shall be used as a guide for the selection of the proper shade numbers of filter lenses or plates used in welding. Shades more dense than those listed may be used to suit the individual's needs. TABLE E-1-FILTER LENS SHADE NUMBERS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIANT ENERGY (2) Laser protection. (i) Employees whose occupation or assignment requires exposure to laser beams shall be furnished suitable laser safety goggles which will protect for the specific wavelength of the laser and be of optical density (O.D.) adequate for the energy involved. Table E-2 lists the maximum power or energy density for which adequate protection is afforded by glasses of optical densities from 5 through 8. Output levels falling between lines in this table shall require the higher optical density.
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