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Can I secure a lifeline to two exposed ends of rebar protruding from the top of a concrete wall

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Using exposed rebar as an anchorage point for a lifeline requires careful consideration and is generally not recommended unless specific conditions are met. Here's a breakdown of the safety concerns and requirements:

  1. Strength and Suitability: The primary concern is whether the rebar can withstand the forces generated during a fall. A lifeline must be fastened to a secure anchor point with adequate breaking strength [1]. Regulations often specify minimum breaking strengths for anchor points [1]. Eyebolts, for example, have rated strength along their axis, which is greatly reduced if force is applied at an angle [2].
  1. Design and Certification: Horizontal lifelines, in particular, require careful design. They should be designed and certified as safe by a professional engineer or manufactured to an approved standard [1]. The strength of horizontal lifelines and anchorages should be increased to account for the angle of sag and elasticity [3].
  1. Roll-Out Prevention: Avoid direct connection of a snap-hook to rebar unless properly designed locking snap-hooks are used [2]. Ensure proper dimensions of the rebar in relation to the snap-hook dimensions to prevent the snap-hook keeper from being depressed by a turning motion [2].
  1. Alternatives: Consider alternative tie-off rigging, such as a snap-hook/dee-ring connection or an abrasion-resistance strap around the rebar [3].
  1. Inspection and Maintenance: Anchor points must be inspected and certified by a competent person before first use, regularly (at least every 12 months), and after any event or maintenance [4]. If any defect or inadequacy is found, the anchor point must not be used until the issue is resolved [4].
  1. Competent Person: A competent person should inspect the connecting linkage, personal fall arrest system, full-body harness, or lifeline as recommended by the manufacturer and after any fall-arresting incident to determine if it is safe for continued use [5].
  1. Protruding Rebar: Be aware that all protruding reinforcing steel, onto and into which employees could fall, shall be guarded to eliminate the hazard of impalement [6].

In summary, using rebar as a lifeline anchor is not advisable without thorough evaluation by a qualified person to ensure it meets all safety and regulatory requirements. If the rebar is deemed unsuitable, explore alternative anchorage methods.

6 source record(s)

Sources used for this answer

[1] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)

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ensure the use of a permanent or temporary anchor point that meets the requirements of paragraph 49.2(1)(c). - 49.3 (2) If a permanent anchor point has been provided, an owner of a place of employment shall - (a) prepare sketches showing the anchor point, - (b) provide a copy of the sketches to the employee who is using anchor points before the work begins, and - (c) ensure a copy of the sketches are posted con -spicuously near the entrance to the roof. - 49.3 (3) An owner of a place of employment shall en -sure that every anchor point is inspected and certified by a competent person - (a) before being used for the first time, - (b) as recommended by the manufacturer, the instal -ler or an engineer and at least every 12 months, - (c) after any event or maintenance and repairs, and - (d) when the owner of a place of employment is in -formed under subsection (4) of a defect or inade -quacy. - 49.3 (4) An employer or employee shall inform the owner of a place of employment immediately if they be -lieve that any component of the anchor point is defective or inadequate. - 49.3 (5) If the inspection under subsection (3) reveals a defect or inadequacy, no one shall use the anchor point and no owner of a place of employment, employer or contractor shall permit its use until the defect or inade -quacy has been eliminated. 2010-159 ## Vertical life lines - 49.4 (1) A vertical life line in a fall-arresting system shall - (a) extend to a safe level, sure l'utilisation d'un point d'ancrage permanent ou temporaire qui répond aux exigences de l'alinéa 49.2(1)c). - 49.3 (2) Lorsqu'un point d'ancrage permanent est four -ni, le propriétaire d'un lieu de travail : - a) dresse des croquis indiquant l'emplacement du point d'ancrage; - b) avant le début des travaux, fournit copie des cro -quis au salarié qui utilise des points d'ancrage; - c) s'assure qu'une copie des croquis est affichée dans un endroit bien en vue prè

[2] Safety Standards for General Safety and Health Standards (Chaper 296-24 WAC)

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - (7) Rescue considerations. As required by WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code] (5)(h) when personal fall arrest systems are used, the employer must assure that employees can be promptly rescued or can rescue themselves should a fall occur. The availability of rescue personnel, ladders or other rescue equipment should be evaluated. In some situations, equipment which allows employees to rescue themselves after the fall has been arrested may be desirable, such as devices which have descent capability. ## (8) Tie-off considerations. - (a) One of the most important aspects of personal fall protection systems is fully planning the system before it is put into use. Probably the most overlooked component is planning for suitable anchorage points. Such planning should ideally be done before the structure or building is constructed so that anchorage points can be incorporated during construction for use later for window cleaning or other building maintenance. If properly planned, these anchorage points may be used during construction, as well as afterwards. - (b) Employers and employees should at all times be aware that the strength of a personal fall arrest system is based on its being attached to an anchoring system which does not significantly reduce the strength of the system (such as a properly dimensioned eye-bolt/snap-hook anchorage). Therefore, if a means of attachment is used that will reduce the strength of the system, that component should be replaced by a stronger one, but one that will also maintain the appropriate maximum arrest force characteristics. - (c) Tie-off using a knot in a rope lanyard or lifeline (at any location) can reduce the lifeline or lanyard strength by 50% or more. Therefore, a stronger lanyard or lifeline should be used to com

[3] Occupational Health and Safety Regulations, 2020 (Sask. Reg. 10/2020)

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## OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY, 2020 S-15.1 REG 10 - (b) is constructed of: - (i) nylon, polyester or polypropylene rope or webbing; or - (ii) wire rope that is equipped with an approved shock absorbing device; - (c) is equipped with suitable snap hooks; and - (d) is approved and maintained. 31 Dec 2020 c S-15.1 Reg 10 s7-19. ## Workers' responsibilities re lifelines, etc. - 7-20 (1) Before using a lifeline or lanyard, a worker shall ensure that the lifeline or lanyard: - (a) is free of imperfections, knots and splices, other than end terminations; - (b) is protected by padding where the lifeline or lanyard passes over sharp edges; and - (c) is protected from heat, flame or abrasive or corrosive materials during use. - (2) Before using a vertical lifeline, a worker shall ensure that: - (a) the lower end extends to the ground or to a safe landing; and - (b) the lifeline is protected at the lower end to ensure that the line cannot be fouled by any equipment. - (3) Before using a full-body harness, a worker shall ensure that the full-body harness: - (a) is properly adjusted to fit the worker securely; and - (b) subject to subsection 18-9(5), is attached by means of a connecting linkage to a fixed anchor or a lifeline. - (4) A worker who uses a full-body harness and connecting linkage shall ensure that the connecting linkage is attached to a personal fall arrest system, lifeline or a fixed anchor. 31 Dec 2020 c S-15.1 Reg 10 s7-20. ## Inspection of full body harness, etc. - 7-21 (1) If the use of a connecting linkage, personal fall arrest system, full-body harness or lifeline is required by these regulations, an employer or contractor shall ensure that a competent person: - (a) inspects the connecting linkage, personal fall arrest system, full-body harness or lifeline: - (i) as recommended by the manufacturer; and - (ii) after the connecting linkage, personal fall arrest system, full-body harness or lifeline has sustained a fall-arresting incident;

[4] Safety Standards for General Safety and Health Standards (Chaper 296-24 WAC)

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ multiple tie-offs. The reason for this is that in multiple tie-offs to a horizontal lifeline, if one employee falls, the movement of the falling employee and the horizontal lifeline during arrest of the fall may cause other employees to also fall. Horizontal lifeline and anchorage strength should be increased for each additional employee to be tied-off. For these and other reasons, the design of systems using horizontal lifelines must only be done by qualified persons. Testing of installed lifelines and anchors prior to use is recommended. - (g) The strength of an eye-bolt is rated along the axis of the bolt and its strength is greatly reduced if the force is applied at an angle to this axis (in the direction of shear). Also, care should be exercised in selecting the proper diameter of the eye to avoid accidental disengagement of snap-hooks not designed to be compatible for the connection. - (h) Due to the significant reduction in the strength of the lifeline/lanyard (in some cases, as much as a 70% reduction), the sliding hitch knot should not be used for lifeline/lanyard connections except in emergency situations where no other available system is practical. The 'one-and-one' sliding hitch knot should never be used because it is unreliable in stopping a fall. The 'two-and-two,' or 'three-and-three' knot (preferable), may be used in emergency situations; however, care should be taken to limit free fall distance to a minimum because of reduced lifeline/lanyard strength. - (9) Vertical lifeline considerations. As required by the standard, each employee must have a separate lifeline when the lifeline is vertical. The reason for this is that in multiple tie-offs to a single lifeline, if one employee falls, the movement of the lifeline during the arrest

[5] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (Construction, Division 3, OSHA Oregon)

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules Division 3 Running bond (half bond) is a bond pattern in which block are placed half way over units directly below creating a staggered look. - Safe location is an area at a jobsite that employees can take refuge in order to avoid hazardous conditions. - Stack bond is a bond pattern in which blocks are stacked directly over each other (not lapped longitudinally) creating continuous joints both vertically and horizontally. - Straight coil loop insert is a wall insert that loops around the structural rebar and is suitable for the attachment of braces in a structural masonry wall. Minimum size of a coil loop insert is 3/4 inch. Structural rebar is rebar that extends full length or height and can be spliced per required lap. Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4). Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295. Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2003, f.1/30/03, ef. 4/30/03. ## 1926.701 General Requirements - (a) Construction loads. No construction loads shall be placed on a concrete structure or portion of a concrete structure unless the employer determines, based on information received from a person who is qualified in structural design, that the structure or portion of the structure is capable of supporting the loads. - (b) Reinforcing steel. All protruding reinforcing steel, onto and into which employees could fall, shall be guarded to eliminate the hazard of impalement. - (c) Post-tensioning operations. - (1) No employee (except those essential to the post-tensioning operations) shall be permitted to be behind the jack during tensioning operations. - (2) Signs and barriers shall be erected to limit employee access to the posttensioning area during tensioning operations. - (d) Riding concrete buckets. No employee shall be permitted to ride concrete buckets. - (e) Working under loads.

[6] Occupational Health and Safety Regulations, 2020 (Sask. Reg. 10/2020)

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## OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY, 2020 S-15.1 REG 10 ## Lifelines - 7-15 (1) Unless otherwise specifically provided, an employer, contractor or owner shall ensure that a lifeline: - (a) is suitable for the conditions in which the lifeline is to be used, having regard to factors including strength, abrasion resistance, extensibility and chemical stability; - (b) is made of wire rope or synthetic material; - (c) is free of imperfections, knots and splices, other than end terminations; - (d) is protected by padding where the lifeline passes over sharp edges; - (e) is protected from heat, flame or abrasive or corrosive materials during use; - (f) is fastened to a secure anchor point that: - (i) has a breaking strength of at least 22.2 kilonewtons; and - (ii) is not used to suspend any platform or other load; and - (g) is maintained according to the manufacturer's recommendation. - (2) Unless otherwise specifically provided, an employer, contractor or owner shall ensure that there is a lifeline that meets the requirements of this section for every worker. - (3) Unless otherwise specifically provided, an employer or contractor shall ensure that a vertical lifeline required by these regulations has a minimum diameter of: - (a) 12 millimetres if the lifeline is made of nylon; - (b) 15 millimetres if the lifeline is made of polypropylene; or - (c) 8 millimetres if the lifeline is made of wire rope. - (4) An employer or contractor shall ensure that if a vertical lifeline is used: - (a) the lower end extends to the ground or to a safe landing; and - (b) the lifeline is protected at the lower end to ensure that the line cannot be fouled by any equipment. - (5) Unless otherwise specifically provided, an employer or contractor shall ensure that a horizontal lifeline is: - (a) either: - (i) designed and certified as safe by a professional engineer; or - (ii) manufactured to an approved standard; and - (b) installed and used in accordance with the design mentioned in clause (a)

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