fire extinguisher size for bc construction
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Published by SALUSFire Extinguisher Requirements for Construction Sites in British Columbia =========================================================================
This document outlines the fire extinguisher requirements for building construction sites in British Columbia, focusing on flammable liquids and electrical hazards. It is based on industry best practices and safety regulations to ensure a safe working environment.
General Requirements
Fire extinguishers are essential for construction sites to mitigate fire hazards. Employers are responsible for providing and maintaining appropriate fire-fighting equipment throughout all phases of construction and demolition work. A fire protection program must be developed and followed, ensuring no delay in providing necessary equipment as fire hazards occur. [5]
Basic Fire Extinguisher Placement
A fire extinguisher with a rating of not less than 2A should be provided for each 3,000 square feet of floor area, or fraction thereof. If the floor area is less than 3,000 square feet, at least one extinguisher must be provided. The travel distance from any point in the protected area to the nearest fire extinguisher should not exceed 75 feet. [1]
Additionally, at least one fire extinguisher rated not less than 2A must be provided on each floor of a multi-story building, located adjacent to the stairway at each floor level. [1]
Alternative Options
As an alternative to a 2A-rated fire extinguisher, one 55-gallon open container of water with two fire pails may be substituted. A 3/4-inch diameter garden-type hose line, not exceeding 75 feet in length and equipped with an adjustable nozzle, may also be substituted, provided it is connected to a reliable water pressure system capable of discharging a minimum, continuous flow of 5 gallons per minute with a minimum hose stream range of 30 feet horizontally. The hose lines should be mounted on conventional racks or reels, ensuring at least one hose stream can reach all points in the floor area. [1] [1]
Flammable Liquids
For areas where flammable liquids are used or stored, specific fire extinguisher requirements apply to address the increased risk of fire.
Minimum Rating and Placement
A fire extinguisher rated not less than 10B must be provided within 50 feet of any location where more than 5 gallons of flammable or combustible liquids or 5 pounds of flammable gas are being used on the job site. This requirement does not apply to the integral fuel tanks of motor vehicles. [1] [2] [3]
Additional Requirements
A portable fire extinguisher with a rating of not less than 20 BC units must be located outside, but not more than 10 feet from, a door opening to a room used for the storage of more than 60 gallons of flammable liquids. Additionally, such an extinguisher must be located not less than 25 feet, nor more than 75 feet, from an outside storage area and on each tank truck or other vehicle used to transport or dispense flammable liquids. [2] [2] [2]
Each service or fueling area must have at least 1 portable fire extinguisher with not less than a 20 BC unit rating, located within 75 feet of each pump, dispenser, underground fill opening, and lubricating or service area. Storage locations for liquefied petroleum gas (L.P.G.) must be provided with at least 1 approved portable fire extinguisher that has a rating of not less than 20 BC. [2] [2]
Electrical Hazards
Fires involving electrical equipment (Class C fires) require extinguishers with a non-conductive extinguishing agent. [4]
Recommended Extinguisher Types
Suitable fire extinguishers for electrical hazards include carbon dioxide with a plastic horn only, dry chemical, multipurpose dry chemical, water mist, and Halon 1211\. [2]
General Safety Measures
Several general safety measures must be implemented to ensure fire safety on construction sites.
Regular Inspections and Maintenance
Portable fire extinguishers must be inspected monthly, or at more frequent intervals, and serviced at least annually by a person licensed or registered by the State Fire Marshal. These inspections ensure the extinguisher is available and will operate effectively. [1]
Fire extinguishers should be located where they are readily seen and accessible along normal paths of travel in the protected area. [5]
Prohibited Substances
Carbon tetrachloride and other toxic vaporizing liquid fire extinguishers are prohibited. [3]
Fire Prevention Program
An employer must develop a fire protection program that includes establishing and maintaining a clear means of egress from all areas, posting fire rules, informing employees of evacuation signals and escape routes, and maintaining means of egress free of obstructions. [5] [5] [5] [5]
Housekeeping
A housekeeping policy should be in place to keep means of egress free from stored materials and debris, reducing the likelihood of fire. Policies for storing combustible and flammable liquids and materials and for using proper heating equipment should also be established. [5] [5]
Outdoor Storage
Outdoor storage areas for flammable liquids must be graded to divert spills away from buildings or surrounded by a curb at least 12 inches high. The area should be kept free of vegetation and combustible materials. [6] [6]
Table of Fire Extinguisher Types and Uses
| HAZARD | DESCRIPTION | EXTINGUISHER TYPE AND CONTENTS |
|---|---|---|
| Class "A" Fire | Combustible Material | Loaded stream, Multipurpose dry chemical, Pressure-operated water, Water pump tanks, Water mist, Halon 1211\. |
| Class "B" Fire | Flammable Liquids, Gas, Or Grease | Carbon dioxide, Dry chemical, Foam, Loaded stream, Multipurpose dry chemical, Halon 1211\. |
| Class "C" Fire | Electrical Equipment | Carbon dioxide with plastic horn only, Dry chemical, Multipurpose dry chemical, Water mist, Halon 1211\. |
| Class "D" Fire | Combustible Metal | Extinguishing agent listed for use on a specific combustible metal hazard. |
[2] Conclusion
Adherence to these fire extinguisher requirements and safety measures is crucial for maintaining a safe construction site in British Columbia. Regular inspections, proper placement of extinguishers, and comprehensive fire prevention programs are essential to protect workers and prevent property damage.
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Sources used for this answer
[1] Construction Safety Orders (CAL/OSHA)
Page 1
Open source documentSource excerpt
This information is provided free of charge by the Department of Industrial Relations from its web site at www.dir.ca.gov. These regulations are for the convenience of the user and no representation or warranty is made that the information is current or accurate. See full disclaimer at https://www.dir.ca.gov/od_pub/disclaimer.html. Subchapter 4. Construction Safety Orders Article 36. Fire Protection and Prevention Return to index New query # §1932. Storage Outside Buildings. (a) Storage outside buildings shall be in accordance with Table B. <table><tr><th colspan="8">Table B. Outdoor Liquid Storage in Containers and Portable Tanks</th></tr><tr><td>Class</td><td colspan="2">I Container Storage Max. per Pile Height</td><td colspan="2">2 Portable Tank Storage Max. per Pile Gallons (1) Height</td><td>3 Distance Between Piles or Racks (fi)</td><td rowspan="2">4 Distance to Property Line That Can Be Built Upon (fi) (2)(3)</td><td>[redacted street address], Alley, or a Public Way (fi)(3)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Gallons (1) (4)</td><td>(fi)</td><td>Gallons (1) (4)</td><td>$</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>IA</td><td>1,100</td><td>10</td><td>2,200</td><td>7</td><td>5</td><td>50</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>IB</td><td>2,200</td><td>12</td><td>4,400</td><td>14</td><td>5</td><td>50</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>IC</td><td>4,400</td><td>12</td><td>8,800</td><td>14</td><td>5</td><td>50</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>II</td><td>8,800</td><td>12</td><td>17,600</td><td>14</td><td>5</td><td>25</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>III</td><td>22,000</td><td>18</td><td>44,000</td><td>14</td><td>5</td><td>10</td><td>5</td></tr></table> ? NOTE 1: When two or more classes of materials are stored in a single pile, the maximum gallonage in that pile shall be the smallest of the two or more separate gallonages. NOTE 2: Within 200 feet of each container, there shall be a 12-foot wide access way to permit approach…
[2] Safety Standards for General Safety and Health Standards (Chapter 296-24 WAC)
Page 252
Open source documentSource excerpt
# PART G-2 FIRE PROTECTION (cont.) Chapter 296-24 WAC General Safety and Health Standards Part G-2 Fire Protection # WAC 296-24-585 Fire protection. [Order 73-5, $ 296-24-585, filed 5/9/73 and Order 73-4, $ 296-24-585, filed 5/7/73.] <table><tr><th>You must meet the requirements</th><th>in this section</th></tr><tr><td>Definitions applicable to fire protection</td><td>WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code]</td></tr><tr><td>Scope, application and definitions applicable</td><td>WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code]</td></tr></table> ## WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code] Definitions applicable to fire protection. Class A fires. Fires in ordinary combustible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, and rubber. Class B fires. Fires in flammable liquids, gases, and greases. Class C fires. Fires which involve energized electrical equipment where the electrical nonconductivity of the extinguishing media is of importance. (When electrical equipment is deenergized, extinguisher for Class A or B fires may be used safely.) Class D fires. Fires in combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and potassium. Classification of portable fire extinguishers: Portable fire extinguishers are classified for use on certain classes of fires and rated for relative extinguishing effectiveness at a temperature of plus 70°F by nationally recognized testing laboratories. This is based upon the preceding classification of fires and the fire extinguishment potentials as determined by fire tests. Note: The classification and rating system described in this section is that used by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. and Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada and is based on extinguishing preplanned fires of determined size and description as follows: (a) Class A rating-Wood and excelsior fires excluding deep-seated conditions. (b) Class B rating-Two-inch depth gasoline fires in square pans. (c) Class C rating-No fire test. Agent must be a nonconductor of electricity. (d) Class…
[3] Construction Safety and Health Standards (MIOSHA)
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# FIRE PROTECTION (cont.) (7) In addition to the requirements of this rule, fire extinguishers shall be supplied as follows: (a) Not less than 1 portable fire extinguisher that has a rating of not less than 20 BC units shall be located as follows: (i) Outside of, but not more than 10 feet from, a door opening to a room used for the storage of more than 60 gallons of flammable liquids. (ii) Not less than 25 feet, nor more than 75 feet, from an outside storage area. (iii) On each tank truck or other vehicle used to transport or dispense flammable liquids. (iv) A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 10B, shall be provided within 50 feet of wherever more than 5 gallons of flammable or combustible liquids or pounds of flammable gas are being used on the jobsite. This requirement does not apply to the integral fuel tanks of motor vehicles. 5 (b) Each service or fueling area shall have at least 1 portable fire extinguisher which has not less than a 20 BC unit rating and which is located within 75 feet of each pump, dispenser, underground fill opening, and lubricating or service area. (c) Storage locations for liquefied petroleum gas (L.P.G.) shall be provided with at least 1 approved portable fire extinguisher that has a rating of not less than 20 BC. (d) Each site of a hazardous process shall be provided with a portable fire extinguisher of an appropriate size and type. Other means for safety or control may be provided if approved or required by the process. (8) Table 1 may be used in selecting and providing an extinguisher. (9) Table 1 reads as follows: <table><tr><th colspan="3">TABLE 1</th></tr><tr><td>HAZARD</td><td>DESCRIPTION</td><td>EXTINGUISHER TYPE AND CONTENTS</td></tr><tr><td>Class "A" Fire</td><td>Combustible Material</td><td>Loaded stream, Multipurpose dry chemical, Pressure-operated water, Water pump tanks, Water mist, Halon 1211.</td></tr><tr><td>Class "B" Fire</td><td>Flammable Liquids, Gas, Or Grease</td><td>Carbon dioxide, Dry chemical, F…
[4] Safety and Health Regulations for Construction (OSHA 29 CFR 1926) - 1926.150 - Fire protection
Page 3
Open source documentSource excerpt
# Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cont.) ## Water supply. (cont.) The garden-type hose lines shall be mounted on conventional racks or reels. The number and location of hose racks or reels shall be such that at least one hose stream can be applied to all points in the area. - 1926.150(c)(1)(iv) One or more fire extinguishers, rated not less than 2A, shall be provided on each floor. In multistory buildings, at least one fire extinguisher shall be located adjacent to stairway. 1926.150(c)(1)(v) Extinguishers and water drums, subject to freezing, shall be protected from freezing. - 1926.150(c)(1)(vi) A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 10B, shall be provided within 50 feet of wherever more than 5 gallons of flammable or combustible liquids or 5 pounds of flammable gas are being used on the jobsite. This requirement does not apply to the integral fuel tanks of motor vehicles. - 1926.150(c)(1)(vii) Carbon tetrachloride and other toxic vaporizing liquid fire extinguishers are prohibited. - 1926.150(c)(1)(viii) Portable fire extinguishers shall be inspected periodically and maintained in accordance with Maintenance and Use of Portable Fire Extinguishers, NFPA No. 10A-1970. - 1926.150(c)(1)(ix). Fire extinguishers which have been listed or approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, shall be used to meet the requirements of this subpart. ## 1926.150(c)(1)(x). Table F-1 may be used as a guide for selecting the appropriate portable fire extinguishers.
[5] Construction Safety and Health Standards (MIOSHA)
Page 4
Open source documentSource excerpt
# CONSTRUCTION STANDARD (cont.) ## R 408.[redacted postal code] Employer responsibility. - Rule 1841. (1) An employer shall be responsible for the development of a fire protection program to be followed throughout all phases of the construction and demolition work, and the employer shall provide the firefighting equipment as specified in these rules. As fire hazards occur, there shall be no delay in providing the necessary equipment. (2) The fire protection portion of the program shall include all of the following: (a) Establishing and maintaining a means of egress from all areas of the building occupied by employees to provide free and unobstructed egress from all parts of the building or structure at all times when the building or structure is occupied. A lock or fastening that prevents free escape from the inside of any building shall not be installed, except in mental, penal, or corrective institutions where supervisory personnel is continually on duty and effective provisions are made to remove occupants in case of fire or other emergency. (b) Posting fire rules or, by other means, informing the employees of the evacuation signal, escape routes, and emergency phone numbers. Exits shall be marked by a readily visible sign. Access to exits shall be marked by readily visible signs in all cases where the exit or way to reach the exit is not immediately visible to the occupants. (c) A requirement that means of egress shall be continually maintained free of all obstructions or impediments to full instant use in the case of fire or other emergency. (3) The fire prevention portion of the program shall include both of the following: (a) A housekeeping policy designed to keep a means of egress free from the accumulation of stored materials and debris and to reduce the likelihood of fire. (b) A policy for the storage of combustible and flammable liquids and materials and for the use of proper heating equipment as prescribed in this part. (4) The employer shall p…
[6] Construction Safety Orders (CAL/OSHA)
Page 1
Open source documentSource excerpt
This information is provided free of charge by the Department of Industrial Relations from its web site at www.dir.ca.gov. These regulations are for the convenience of the user and no representation or warranty is made that the information is current or accurate. See full disclaimer at https://www.dir.ca.gov/od_pub/disclaimer.html. Subchapter 4. Construction Safety Orders Article 36. Fire Protection and Prevention Return to index New query ## §1922. Portable Fire Fighting Equipment. (a) Fire Extinguishers and Small Hose Lines. (1) A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 2A, shall be provided for each 3,000 square feet of the floor area, or fraction thereof. Where the floor area is less than 3,000 square feet at least one extinguisher shall be provided. Travel distance from any point of the protected area to the nearest fire extinguisher shall not exceed 75 feet. - One 55-gallon open container of water with two fire pails may be substituted for a fire extinguisher having a 2A rating. - A 3/4-inch diameter garden-type hose line, not to exceed 75 feet in length and equipped with an adjustable nozzle, may be substituted for a 2A-rated fire extinguisher, provided it is connected to a reliable water pressure system capable of discharging a minimum, continuous flow of 5 gallons per minute with a minimum hose stream range of 30 feet horizontally. The garden-type hose lines shall be mounted on conventional racks or reels. The number and location of hose racks or reels shall be such that at least one hose stream can be applied to all points in the floor area. - At least one fire extinguisher rated not less than 2A, shall be provided on each floor. In multi-story buildings, at least one fire extinguisher shall be located adjacent to the stairway at each floor level. - EXCEPTION: Single family residential dwellings other than apartments, lodging houses, hotels or dormitories provided that there is at least one fire extinguisher rated not less than 2A, or the equivalen…
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