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CCOHS CCHST Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail Hazard and Risk # Hazard and Risk - Sample Risk Assessment Form On this page How can risks be assessed? What is a sample risk assessment form? Is there a procedure for assessing risks? ## How can risks be assessed? After hazards are identified, the risks associated with those hazards should be systematically reviewed to ensure those things, activities, situations, processes, tasks, etc. that cause harm to people or property are controlled. One way to ensure that all risks are evaluated in the same way is to use a risk assessment form. This procedure should be carried out by someone who is experienced and fully familiar with the activity (e.g., a "competent person"). Please note: see the OSH Answers Risk Assessment for more information about risk assessments in general, and how to rank hazards. ## Is there a procedure for assessing risks? There is no one way to assess risks, and there are many risk assessment tools and techniques that can be used. Choose the method that best matches your situation. In all cases, the risk assessment should be completed for any activity, task, etc. before the activity begins. <table><tr><th>Step</th><th>Action</th><th>Deliverable</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>Identify hazards and their potential for causing harm.</td><td>An inventory of hazards.</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Assess the risk of each hazard and rank hazards by priority (consider the probability of harm and severity of harm).</td><td>A ranked list of hazards. This list will be useful in planning further action.</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Determine hazard control measures.</td><td>1. A record of hazard control measures at various locations. 2. Evaluation of the adequacy of hazard control measures. Consider the hierarchy of controls, and controls required or recommended by legislation, standards, good practices, or organizational policies.</td></tr><tr><…

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# Introducing New Technology at the Workplace (cont.) ## What hazards could be introduced by new technology? (cont.) Hazards that could be introduced by emerging technologies include: New chemical and biological hazards: for example, raw materials and waste generated by additive manufacturing (i.e., 3D and 4D printing, bio-printing, etc.) could introduce new hazards. New ergonomic hazards: automation of processes could introduce a new work pace or make work more repetitive and less diversified, increasing the potential for repetitive strain injuries. New assistive technologies could tempt workers to take greater risks, such as lifting heavier loads, increasing the potential for musculoskeletal injuries. New physical hazards: exposure to noise or vibration from working alongside new technologies. New psychosocial hazards: artificial intelligence and wearable sensor technologies that monitor and manage workers could result in increased micromanagement, performance pressure, competitiveness, social isolation, and decreased privacy and trust. Workers may also fear being replaced if they cannot keep up with automated or robotic technologies. Jobs may lose variety and become less satisfying because of automation. These experiences could increase anxiety, disengagement, stress, or job insecurity. New safety hazards: machines that work closely with workers such as collaborative robots, exoskeletons, or autonomous vehicles could result in impact, entanglement, or trapping hazards if they malfunction or break down. Awareness of surroundings could also decrease while using virtual or augmented reality technologies, increasing the potential of incidents such as slips, trips, and falls. ## What should be considered before introducing new technologies in the workplace? To make sure new machinery, devices, or processes do not introduce new hazards to the workplace, assess all potential hazards and risks and develop appropriate control measures. ## Identify hazards and as…

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# Introducing New Technology at the Workplace (cont.) ## Identify hazards and assess risks (cont.) To learn more about hazard and risk assessments, see our OSH Answers factsheets on Hazard and Risk, Hazard Identification_, and Risk Assessment. ## Develop and implement control measures The goal of developing control measures is to answer, "How can we eliminate or minimize the identified hazard sources or reduce the likelihood and severity of the consequences?" When developing control measures, guidance can sometimes be found in health and safety legislation, standards, and industry good practices. For example, occupational exposure limits for airborne chemical concentrations can help the workplace determine whether control measures are needed to reduce exposure to new hazardous products. Sometimes there may not be a lot of information about the hazards identified, especially when the technology or device is on the cutting edge. In this situation, workplaces can apply the ALARA principle (see below for more). No matter the amount of information available about the hazard, it is always important to follow the hierarchy of controls This hierarchy help workplaces prioritize control methods from the most effective level of protection to the least effective level of protection. No matter the type of control measure, worker education and training on how to conduct their work safely helps to minimize the risk of exposure and is a critical element of any complete workplace health and safety program. Training must cover not only how to do the job safely, but it must also ensure that workers understand the hazards and risks of their job. It must also provide them with information on how to protect themselves and co-workers. To learn more, see our OSH Answers fact sheet on Hazard Control ## What is the ALARA principle? The ALARA principle, or "as low as reasonably achievable", means that exposure should be eliminated or reduced as much as possible. You may also see th…

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# Why is it important to involve workers? One of the fundamental principles of health and safety is matching the job to the worker (i.e., ergonomics). In other words, designing tasks and environments with the worker in mind. Workers have direct knowledge of the details of each task and process on the front line. Involving workers in the process of introducing new technologies can help identify the tasks that are best suited for technology and reduce the chance of creating new health and safety hazards. Workers' perception, understanding and trust will influence how they interact with emerging technologies. If perception, understanding and trust in emerging technologies are poor, workers may avoid using them. Involving workers in hazard and risk assessment can encourage positive curiosity and foster trust and acceptance of the new machinery or process. For example, drop-in sessions to learn about the new technology and provide feedback can encourage workers to approach the introduction with curiosity instead of fear. Before consulting workers, it is important to determine what is possible within available resources and technological limitations. Facilitating discussions with "what is possible" in mind can help manage expectations and increase the likelihood for worker input to result in tangible contributions. When workers feel they have meaningful input into their work they are more likely to be engaged, have higher morale, and take pride in their organization. This feeling, in turn, increases the willingness to make an extra effort when required. Fact sheet first published: 2022-10-07 Fact sheet last revised: 2022-10-07 ## Disclaimer Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy, currency and completeness of the information, CCOHS does not guarantee, warrant, represent or undertake that the information provided is correct, accurate or current. CCOHS is not liable for any loss, claim, or demand arising directly or indirectly from any use or reliance up…