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SWP for skid steer operation

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Skid Steer Operation Safe Work Procedure ========================================

Document Number: \[SWP-NUMBER]

Revision Date: \[DATE]

Next Review Date: \[NEXT REVIEW DATE]

Department: \[DEPARTMENT NAME]

1\. Scope


This safe work procedure (SWP) outlines the necessary steps and safety precautions for the safe operation of skid steer loaders. It includes pre-start checks, safe operating procedures, hazard identification, and emergency shutdown procedures. This SWP applies to all personnel who operate or work in the vicinity of skid steer loaders.

2\. Definitions


Skid Steer Loader A compact, engine-powered machine with lift arms that can attach to a variety of tools or implements. Rated Operating Capacity (ROC) The maximum weight that a skid steer loader is designed to lift and carry safely. [1]

Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) A structure designed to protect the operator in the event of a rollover. [1]

3\. Responsibilities


3\.1 Supervisors

  • Ensure that all operators are trained and competent in the safe operation of skid steer loaders.
  • Conduct regular inspections of skid steer loaders to ensure they are in safe working condition.
  • Enforce all safety rules and procedures related to skid steer loader operation.
  • Ensure that a pre-job briefing is conducted prior to the commencement of any work involving a skid steer loader.

3\.2 Workers

  • Operate skid steer loaders in a safe and responsible manner, following all established procedures.
  • Conduct pre-start checks on skid steer loaders before each use and report any defects or malfunctions to the supervisor.
  • Use all required personal protective equipment (PPE) when operating or working near skid steer loaders.
  • Participate in pre-job briefings and follow all instructions provided by the supervisor.
  • Report any hazards or unsafe conditions to the supervisor immediately.

4\. Potential Hazards and Risks


HazardRiskControl Measures
Falls from working around leading edges [1]Serious injury or fatality from falling from height.Install and maintain adequate fall protection measures such as guardrails or fall arrest systems when working near leading edges.
Rollovers [1]Serious injury or fatality from being crushed by the machine.Operate the skid steer loader on stable surfaces and avoid steep slopes. Never exceed the rated operating capacity (ROC) of the machine. Always wear a seat belt and ensure the ROPS is in place.
Striking workers or pedestrians [1] [1]Serious injury or fatality from being struck by the machine.Use barriers or another method to cordon off your work area. That way, you won't have to worry about hitting people in the area. If you have to work near other people, make sure you know where the blind spots are on a skid steer. Make eye contact with anyone entering the work area, and turn off the machine if you need to have a conversation.
Being struck by loader arms or attachments [1]Serious injury or fatality from being crushed by moving parts.Never place any part of your body in the path of moving loader arms or attachments. Ensure that all attachments are properly secured and rated for the machine.
Slips and trips [1]Minor to serious injuries from falls.Keep walking and working surfaces clean and clear of debris. Wear appropriate footwear with good traction.
Exposure to fumes, noise, and vibration [1] [1]Respiratory problems, hearing loss, and musculoskeletal disorders.Use hearing protection when operating it. Ensure adequate ventilation when operating in enclosed spaces. Take regular breaks to reduce exposure to vibration.
Contact with suspended rebar during demolition [4] [4] [4]Impalement and potential fatality.Never allow employees to work on a level while demolition machinery is working on the level above them. Conduct an ongoing hazard survey during a demolition project to identify potential hazards, such as suspended rebar.

5\. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)


  • Hard Hat: Provides head protection from falling objects and impacts.
  • Safety Glasses: Protects eyes from dust, debris, and other potential hazards.
  • Hearing Protection: Reduces the risk of hearing loss from prolonged exposure to high noise levels. [1]
  • Steel-Toed Boots: Protects feet from crushing injuries and punctures.
  • High-Visibility Clothing: Increases visibility to other workers and equipment operators.

6\. Equipment and Tools


  • Skid Steer Loader: Ensure the machine is appropriate for the task and in good working order. Check all fluid levels, tires, and safety devices before operation.
  • Attachments: Ensure any attachments used are rated for your machine. Remember that an attachment will reduce your load capacity. [1]
  • Barriers or Cones: Used to cordon off the work area and keep pedestrians away.
  • Communication Devices: Two-way radios or hand signals for effective communication with other workers.

7\. Pre-Job Requirements


7\.1 Training and Competency

Training and Competency: All operators must be trained and certified in the safe operation of skid steer loaders. Training must include classroom instruction, hands-on training, and a competency assessment. Review the user manual before operating a skid steer. [1]

7\.2 Pre-Job Briefing

Pre-Job Briefing: A pre-job briefing must be conducted before starting any work with the skid steer loader. The briefing should cover the scope of the work, potential hazards, and control measures. All workers involved in the operation must attend the briefing.

7\.3 Work Area Preparation

Work Area Preparation: Inspect the work area for any hazards such as uneven surfaces, buried objects, or overhead obstructions. Ensure that the work area is clear of pedestrians and other equipment. If working on an elevated floor, make sure the floor can support the weight of the machine. If working on an elevated slab, ensure bumpers or barriers are installed in front of all openings. [1] [1]

8\. Safe Work Procedure Steps


  1. Pre-Start Inspection: Before operating the skid steer loader, perform a thorough pre-start inspection. Check all fluid levels (oil, coolant, hydraulic fluid), inspect tires for damage and proper inflation, and ensure all safety devices (seat belt, ROPS, interlocks) are in good working order. Check all high-pressure hydraulics for leaks. [1]

[1]

  • Check fluid levels
  • Inspect tires
  • Test safety devices
  1. Starting the Engine: Ensure that the parking brake is engaged and the bucket is lowered to the ground. Start the engine according to the manufacturer's instructions. Start loader only when seated in the operator's seat. [5]
  • Engage parking brake
  • Lower bucket
  • Follow manufacturer's instructions
  1. Operating the Skid Steer Loader: Operate the skid steer loader smoothly and avoid sudden stops, starts, and turns. Adjust your speed to suit the working conditions and terrain. Keep the bucket as low as possible when travelling or turning. A skid steer becomes less stable the higher you raise the loader arms. [1]

[1]

  • Smooth operation
  • Adjust speed
  • Keep bucket low
  1. Loading and Unloading: Load, unload, and turn on level ground when possible. Never exceed the rated operating capacity (ROC) of the machine. Keep other workers clear from the work area when lifting a load. [3]

[3]

  • Level ground
  • Do not exceed ROC
  • Keep area clear
  1. Working on Slopes: Do not travel across slopes. Travel straight up or down with the machine's heavy end pointed uphill. Determine the uphill, downhill and side slope ratings for the machine and determine the slope grade. [2]
  • Straight up or down
  • Heavy end uphill
  • Determine slope grade
  1. Shutting Down the Engine: Before leaving the operator's seat: Lower the bucket flat on the ground. Set the parking brake. Turn off the engine. [2]
  • Lower bucket
  • Engage parking brake
  • Turn off engine
  1. Changing Attachments: Always turn your machine off before changing attachments. Make sure that the attachment locking devices are engaged, even if you are switching attachments for only a few minutes. If an attachment is not locked, it could break free and roll back down the loader arms. [1]

[1]

  • Turn off machine
  • Engage locking devices
  • Ensure secure attachment

9\. Precautions and Safety Measures


  • Always wear a seat belt and/or the seat bar. [1]
  • Never carry riders on the skid steer loader. [2]
  • Keep bystanders away from the work area. [2]
  • Never modify or bypass safety devices. [2]
  • Operate the loader only when properly positioned in the operator's compartment, never from the outside. [2]

10\. Emergency Procedures


10\.1 General Emergency Response

In the event of an emergency, immediately stop the machine, engage the parking brake, and turn off the engine. Assess the situation and provide first aid if necessary. Contact emergency services and provide them with the location and nature of the emergency.

10\.2 Specific Emergency Scenarios

  • Skid steer loader rollover: If the skid steer loader rolls over, remain in the seat with your seatbelt fastened. Brace yourself and wait for the machine to come to a complete stop. Once the machine is stable, carefully exit the machine and seek medical attention.
  • Fire: If a fire occurs, immediately stop the machine and turn off the engine. Evacuate the area and use a fire extinguisher to put out the fire if it is safe to do so. Contact emergency services and provide them with the location and nature of the fire.
  • Mechanical Failure: If the machine experiences a mechanical failure, safely bring the machine to a stop in a safe location. Engage the parking brake, turn off the engine, and notify a supervisor or mechanic for repair.

11\. Incident Reporting and Investigation


All incidents, near misses, and hazards must be reported to the supervisor immediately. The report should include the date, time, location, and a description of the incident or hazard. Any injuries sustained must be reported and documented.

All reported incidents will be investigated to determine the root cause and to prevent recurrence. The investigation will be conducted by a team of qualified personnel and will include a review of the incident, interviews with witnesses, and an analysis of the work environment. Corrective actions will be implemented to address the root cause of the incident.

Approved by: \[NAME AND POSITION]

Date: \[APPROVAL DATE]

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5 source record(s)

Sources used for this answer

[1] FATALITY NARRATIVE: Skid Steer Loader Operator Impaled by Rebar

Page 1

Open source document

Source excerpt

FACE/WA Fatality Assessment FATALITY NARRATIVE and Control Evaluation # Skid Steer Loader Operator Impaled by Rebar* Industry: Site preparation contractors Task: Operating skid steer loader to remove demolition debris Occupation: Laborer Type of Incident: Struck against/Impalement Release Date: October 25, 2012 Incident Date: September 15, 2011 Case No.: 11WA03701 SHARP Report No.: 71-115-2012 On September 15, 2011, a laborer died when he was impaled in the neck by rebar as he was operating a skid steer loader. The 41-year-old victim was a laborer and a 14-year member of the local Laborers' International Union. The victim was employed by a site preparation contractor and had been working for two months on a project to demolish a 26-story apartment building. The victim was operating a skid steer loader to remove demolition debris on the building's 21st floor. On the floor above him remote-controlled demolition machines were making holes in the floor. As these machines worked, cables, chunks of concrete, and rebar were left hanging. Three laborers were using propane torches to cut the hanging cables and rebar while the victim and another worker used skid steer loaders to scoop up the debris and dump it down a chute. As the victim was operating the skid steer loader he was impaled in the neck by a 7 foot long 1/2 inch wide piece of rebar suspended from the ceiling. He was able to back up the machine and shut it down. A fellow laborer applied pressure to his neck. Emergency medical services were called and rendered first aid. The victim died at the scene. ## Requirements • Do not permit workers to carry on a demolition operation which will expose persons working on a lower level to danger. See WAC [redacted identifier](15). • Provide competent supervision of employees to ensure their safety during the demolition of buildings and structures. See WAC [redacted identifier](5). • Establish, supervise, and enforce effective training programs which al

[2] IHSA Safety Tool Box talks

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Open source document

Source excerpt

# Skid steers ## Explain dangers Skid steers are incredibly versatile and highly manoeuvrable, but they can also be very dangerous. Proper precautions must be taken to prevent a serious injury or a fatality. Skid steer operators need to be aware of the hazards that they face and the hazards that they can cause for workers around them. - Falls from working around leading edges • Rollovers from instability and overloading - Striking workers, pedestrians, or hidden obstacles - Being struck by loader arms, attachments, or falling materials • Slips and trips - Exposure to fumes, noise, and vibration. ## Identify controls ## KNOW YOUR MACHINE - Get the proper training and review the user manual before operating a skid steer. • Perform regular safety checks and document your findings. - Check all high-pressure hydraulics for leaks. - Find the rated operation capacity (ROC) for the machine and never exceed it. Overloading can make a skid steer excessively front-heavy. This can cause instability and reduce handling response. - Never remove the rollover protective structure (ROPS) from a skid steer and keep side screens in place. People have been crushed to death when they were caught between the loader arms and the skid steer frame on unscreened machines. - Always use the seat belt and/or the seat bar. - When getting out of the machine, always turn it off first and lower the bucket or attachment. - Always turn your machine off before changing attachments. - Make sure any attachments you use are rated for your machine. Remember that an attachment will reduce your load capacity. ## KNOW YOUR SURROUNDINGS . Use barriers or another method to cordon off your work area. That way, you won't have to worry about hitting people in the area. • If you have to work near other people, make sure you know where the blind spots are on a skid steer. Make eye contact with anyone entering the work area, and turn off the machine if you need to have a conversati

[3] Skid Steer Loader Safety

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Open source document

Source excerpt

WORK SAFE KENTUCKY Free safety resources provided by KEMI HOME SAFETY RESOURCES SAFETY TRAINING SAFETY BLOG ABOUT KEMI CONTACT US O # Skid Steer Loader Safety ## Print a Sign-In Sheet | Spanish Version If you operate or work near skid steer loaders, take these steps to protect yourself. Follow safe operating procedures: in • Read and understand all safety and operating procedures outlined the operator's manual, workshop manual, and safety decals. • Operate the loader only when properly positioned in the operator's compartment, never from the outside. • Stay seated when operating the loader controls. - Operate with the seat belt snuggly fastened and the restraint bar properly positioned if one is provided. • Keep hands, arms, legs, and head inside the operator's compartment while operating the loader. • Load, unload, and turn on level ground when possible. • Travel and turn with the bucket in the lowest position possible. Carry the load low. • Operate on stable surfaces only. Avoid slippery surfaces. ©2022 KEMI • Do not travel across slopes. Travel straight up or down with the machine's heavy end pointed uphill. • Keep bystanders away from the work area. NEVER modify or bypass safety devices. • NEVER carry riders. • Be aware that each machine may operate differently. ## Enter and exit from the loader safely: • Enter and exit a loader when the bucket is flat on the ground or when the lift-arm support device is in place. • When entering a loader, face the seat and keep a three-point contact with handholds and steps. • NEVER use foot or hand controls as steps or handholds. • Keep all walking and working surfaces clean and clear of debris. • Before leaving the operator's seat: - Lower the bucket flat on the ground. • Set the parking brake. • Turn off the engine. Maintain the machine safe operating condition: • Follow manufacturers' instructions. • Keep the foot controls free of mud, ice, snow, and debris. • Regularly inspect and mainta

[4] FATALITY NARRATIVE: Skid Steer Loader Operator Crushed

Page 1

Open source document

Source excerpt

WASHINGTON State FACE Program Fatality Assessment & Control Evaluation CONSTRUCTION # FATALITY NARRATIVE FACE National Institute and Health NIOSH INCIDENT FACTS # Skid Steer Loader Operator Crushed REPORT #: 71-166-2018 ## SUMMARY A 54-year-old skid steer loader operator died when he was pinned between the lift arms cross bar and the frame. The victim had 25 years' experience operating many types of equipment, including skid steer loaders. His employer was a site preparation subcontractor responsible for digging trenches for water pipes. He had been working at the job site for two weeks. On the day of the incident, the site foreman sent the victim and another worker to get a skid steer loader to backfill trenches. The other worker gave the victim the key to the loader and told him the "dead-man" (safety interlock) switch for the lap bar was not working properly. This switch prevents the machine from starting unless the bar is in the "down" position. As the other worker was walking away, he heard the machine start. He turned around and saw the victim pinned between the lift arms cross bar and the loader's frame. The worker ran to the loader and tried to move the arms off the victim, but the controls did not respond. He called his supervisor and then 911. Several workers rushed to the scene and after multiple tries were able to extract the unconscious victim. He did not regain consciousness and died four days later. Investigators were unable to determine why the lift arms lowered on the victim. The lap bar safety interlock was found to be not working. The victim was able to start the machine with the lap bar in the "up" position, instead of the normal "down" position. He started the loader while standing on the ground outside of it. When he reached in to start the machine he may have unintentionally activated the boom arm's control, causing the arms to lower. Workers had reported that they needed to warm up this loader for a few minutes because of cold tempera

[5] Toolbox Talk: Skid Steer Loaders

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Open source document

Source excerpt

CPWR TOOLBOX RESEARCH AND TRAINING THE CENTER FOR CONSTRUCTION TALK # Skid Steer Loaders Skid steer loaders are used for material handling and excavating. Workers who operate or work near this equipment are at risk for injuries from falling off or being struck by the equipment. ## Ron's Story Ron and two coworkers were removing a fence (with stakes) that surrounded a housing development drainage pond. A loader was being used to pull up the stakes, because overgrowth made it difficult to remove them by hand. As the operator was raising the lift arms to pull the third stake, the loader tipped forward. To stabilize the machine, the operator lowered the bucket. Just then, Ron (who had been standing in front and to the side of the loader) slipped and fell beneath the bucket. It struck him in the chest, and he died shortly after from traumatic chest injuries. - How could this incident have been avoided? - Have you or someone you know ever been injured while operating or working around a skid steer loader? ## Remember This ➤ Always use and maintain the safety devices provided by the manufacturer: - Interlocked controls ○ Backup alarms ○ Seat belts and Roll Over Protective Systems (ROPS) - Operate the loader from the operator's compartment, never from the outside. 。 Stay seated when operating the loader controls. ○ Work with the seat belt fastened and the restraint bar in place. ○ Keep your arms, legs, and head inside the cab while operating the loader. ○ Load, unload, and turn on level ground when possible. 。 Operate on stable surfaces only. - Never go over the manufacturer's recommended load capacity for the machine. - Keep other workers clear from the work area when lifting a load. How can we stay safe today? What will we do at the worksite to prevent injuries from skid steer loaders? 1. 2. OSHA Standards: 1926.600 and Section 5(a)(1) of the OSHA Act ©2017, CPWR-The Center for Construction Research and Training. All rights reserved

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