Tiptop concrete construction
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Published by SALUSToolbox Talk: Concrete and Masonry Construction Safety
Date: [DATE] Duration: [DURATION] minutes Presenter: [PRESENTER NAME] Location: [LOCATION]
Objective
The objective of this toolbox talk is to ensure all employees understand the hazards associated with concrete and masonry construction and the necessary safety measures to prevent injuries. By the end of this talk, participants should be able to identify potential hazards, implement control measures, and follow safe work procedures related to concrete and masonry work.
Introduction
Concrete and masonry construction involves numerous hazards that can lead to serious injuries if not properly managed. This toolbox talk will cover key safety aspects to help prevent accidents and ensure a safe working environment. It is crucial to understand and follow these guidelines to protect ourselves and our colleagues.
Presenter Note: Engage the audience by asking if anyone has personal experience related to the topic.
Key Points
- Proper planning and design: Formwork and shoring must be designed by an engineer to withstand all anticipated loads [1].
- Regular inspections: Inspect formwork and shoring before each concrete pour to ensure stability [2].
- Safe equipment operation: Use concrete pumps, mixers, and other equipment according to safety guidelines [3].
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Always wear appropriate PPE, including head, face, and hand protection [4].
- Hazard communication: Report any potential hazards or unsafe conditions to your supervisor immediately.
Hazard Identification
- Formwork collapse: Inadequate design or improper erection can lead to formwork collapse, causing serious injuries or fatalities. Ensure formwork and shoring are erected, supported, and braced to withstand all loads and forces [5].
- Equipment malfunctions: Malfunctioning concrete mixers, pumps, or trowels can cause injuries. Equipment should be regularly inspected and properly maintained [3].
- Falling objects: Concrete buckets or debris falling from heights can strike workers below. Ensure proper routing of concrete buckets to minimize employee exposure [4].
Presenter Note: Encourage participants to share any additional hazards they've encountered.
Control Measures
- Engineering Controls: Use engineered formwork and shoring systems designed by a qualified engineer. Ensure concrete pumping systems have pipe supports designed for 100% overload [3].
- Administrative Controls: Develop and implement safe work procedures for all concrete and masonry tasks. Ensure that design drawings are kept on the project site and made available to an officer on request [5].
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Require and enforce the use of appropriate PPE, such as hard hats, safety glasses, and gloves. When applying a cement, sand, and water mixture through a pneumatic hose, employees must wear protective head and face equipment [4].
- Regular Inspections: Conduct regular inspections of formwork, shoring, and equipment to identify and correct any deficiencies. Before concrete is poured, ensure that the formwork and shoring are inspected by an engineer or a competent person designated by the employer [2].
Safe Work Procedures
- Planning: Review the design drawings and understand the sequence of work.
- Inspection: Inspect formwork, shoring, and equipment before starting work.
- Erection: Erect formwork and shoring according to the design, ensuring proper support and bracing [5].
- Pouring: Follow the specified method, sequence, and rate of pouring concrete [5].
- Removal: Do not remove formwork or shoring until the concrete has gained sufficient strength 2, 10.
Presenter Note: If possible, demonstrate the safe work procedure or use visual aids.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Requirements
- Hard Hats: Required at all times to protect against falling objects.
- Safety Glasses: Must be worn to protect against dust, debris, and splashes.
- Gloves: Use appropriate gloves to protect against skin irritation and cuts.
[Emphasize the importance of proper PPE use and maintenance]
Real-World Example or Case Study
[Provide a detailed description of a relevant real-world scenario or case study]
[Discuss what went wrong or right, and the lessons learned]
Presenter Note: Ask participants if they can relate this example to their own experiences.
Group Discussion
Discuss the following questions:
- What are the most common hazards you encounter in concrete and masonry work?
- What can we do to improve safety on our job site?
- How can we better communicate potential hazards to each other?
Presenter Note: Encourage active participation and facilitate the discussion.
Emergency Procedures
- Stop Work: If you observe an unsafe condition, immediately stop work and notify your supervisor.
- Evacuate: If there is a risk of collapse or equipment malfunction, evacuate the area immediately.
- First Aid: Provide first aid to any injured workers.
- Report: Report all incidents and near-misses to your supervisor.
Questions and Answers
[Encourage participants to ask questions]
[Provide answers to common questions related to the topic]
- Q: What should I do if I see a crack in the formwork?
A: Stop work immediately and report it to your supervisor. Do not proceed until it has been inspected and deemed safe.
- Q: How do I know when it's safe to remove formwork?
A: Formwork should not be removed until the concrete is strong enough to support itself and any loads that may be applied to it 2, 10.
- Q: What type of gloves should I wear when handling concrete?
A: Wear gloves that are chemical-resistant and provide protection against skin irritation.
Summary
- Concrete and masonry construction involves significant hazards.
- Proper planning, design, and inspection are crucial for safety.
- Always use the required PPE.
- Report any unsafe conditions or hazards immediately.
Action Items
- Review and understand the safe work procedures for concrete and masonry tasks.
- Inspect your PPE before each shift.
- Report any hazards or unsafe conditions to your supervisor.
Remember: Safety is everyone's responsibility. Work safely and look out for your colleagues.
Report all hazards, near-misses, and incidents to your supervisor immediately.
Safety powered by SALUS
Sources used for this answer
[1] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (Construction, Division 3, OSHA Oregon)
Page 767
Open source documentSource excerpt
Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules <!-- image --> Division 3 - (e) Concrete pumping systems. - (1) Concrete pumping systems using discharge pipes shall be provided with pipe supports designed for 100 percent overload. - (2) Compressed air hoses used on concrete pumping system shall be provided with positive fail-safe joint connectors to prevent separation of sections when pressurized. - (f) Concrete buckets. - (1) Concrete buckets equipped with hydraulic or pneumatic gates shall have positive safety latches or similar safety devices installed to prevent premature or accidental dumping. - (2) Concrete buckets shall be designed to prevent concrete from hanging up on top and the sides. - (g) Tremies. Sections of tremies and similar concrete conveyances shall be secured with wire rope (or equivalent materials) in addition to the regular couplings or connections. - (h) Bull floats. Bull float handles, used where they might contact energized electrical conductors, shall be constructed of nonconductive material or insulated with a nonconductive sheath whose electrical and mechanical characteristics provide the equivalent protection of a handle constructed of nonconductive material. - (i) Masonry saws. - (1) Masonry saws shall be guarded with a semicircular enclosure over the blade. - (2) A method for retaining blade fragments shall be incorporated in the design of the semicircular enclosure. - (j) Lockout/Tagout Procedures. - (1) No employee shall be permitted to perform maintenance or repair activity on equipment (such as compressors, mixers, screens or pumps used for concrete and masonry construction activities) where the inadvertent operation of the equipment could occur and cause injury, unless all potentially hazardous energy sources have been locked out and tagged. - (2) Tags shall read Do Not Start or similar language to indicate that the equipment is not to be operated.
[2] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
Page 106
Open source documentSource excerpt
- 94.1 (7) An employer shall ensure, before concrete is poured, - (a) that the formwork and shoring are inspected by an engineer, or a competent person designated by the employer, and - (b) that the engineer, or the competent person desig -nated by the employer, as the case may be, authorizes the pour in writing. - 94.1 (8) An employer shall ensure that the written au -thorization referred to in paragraph (7)(b) - (a) is kept on the project site, and - (b) is made available to an officer on request. - 94.1 (9) An employer shall ensure that the formwork and shoring are not removed unless - (a) the concrete is strong enough to support itself and any loads that may be applied to it, or - (b) the concrete is adequately reshored. - 94.1 (10) Where concrete is reshored under para -graph (9)(b), subsections (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) apply, with the necessary modifications, to the reshoring. - 94.1 (11) Subsections (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9) and (10) do not apply where formwork and shoring are used no more than 3 m above the ground level. - 94.1 (12) Where formwork and shoring are used no more than 3 m above the ground level, an employer shall ensure that the formwork and shoring are erected, sup -ported and braced so that they are capable of withstand -ing all loads and forces likely to be applied to them. - 94.1 (7) L'employeur doit s'assurer, avant que ne soit versĂ© le bĂ©ton, - a) que le coffrage et les Ă©tançons sont inspectĂ©s par un ingĂ©nieur, ou par la personne compĂ©tente dĂ©signĂ©e par l'employeur, et - b) que l'ingĂ©nieur, ou la personne compĂ©tente dĂ©si -gnĂ©e par l'employeur, selon le cas, en autorise le ver -sement par Ă©crit. - 94.1 (8) L'employeur doit s'assurer que l'autorisation Ă©crite visĂ©e Ă l'alinĂ©a (7)b) - a) se trouve sur les lieux du chantier, et - b) est mise Ă la disposition d'un agent, sur demande. - 94.1 (9) L'employeur doit s'assurer que le coffrage et les Ă©tançons ne soient enlevĂ©s que si - a) le âŠ
[3] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
Page 105
Open source documentSource excerpt
- (a) identify the components, if manufactured form -work and shoring are used, - (b) show the size, grade and specifications of mate -rials to be used, if the formwork and shoring are to be constructed on the project site, - (c) show the design loads for the formwork and shoring and detail the bracing and external ties re -quired to adequately support the design loads, - (d) show the attachment points for rigging and hoisting, if the formwork and shoring are to be moved as a unit, - (e) set out the erection instructions specified by the manufacturer or the engineer, - (f) indicate the method, the sequence and the rate of pouring concrete, and - (g) bear the signature and seal of the engineer. - 94.1 (4) An employer shall ensure that the design drawings referred to in subsection (2) - (a) are kept on the project site, and - (b) are made available to an officer on request. - 94.1 (4.1) If an object protruding from concrete or any other surface may endanger an employee, the protrusion shall be removed, cut off at the surface or otherwise pro -tected as soon as the circumstances permit. - 94.1 (5) An employer shall ensure that the formwork and shoring are erected, supported and braced so that they are capable of withstanding all loads and forces likely to be applied to them - (a) without exceeding the allowable working loads established for any component of the structure, and - (b) without causing uplifting, sliding, overturning or lateral displacement of the system. - 94.1 (6) The allowable working loads referred to in paragraph (5)(a) shall be established by an engineer in accordance with good engineering practice. - a) identifient les composantes d'un coffrage et des Ă©tançons prĂ©fabriquĂ©s, - b) identifient les dimensions, la qualitĂ© et les parti -cularitĂ©s des matĂ©riaux utilisĂ©s lorsque le coffrage et les Ă©tançons sont assemblĂ©s sur le chantier, - c) indiquent les charges de calcul devant ĂȘtâŠ
[4] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
Page 104
Open source documentSource excerpt
91-191 2001-33 2001-33 ## Curbing for truck platform scale 93.1 Where a truck platform scale is elevated from the adjacent terrain, an employer shall ensure that a curbing having a minimum height of 250 mm and of sufficient design to safely guide the truck wheels onto the scale is installed and maintained on each side of the scale. 2001-33 ## Repealed 94 Repealed: 2001-33 2001-33 ## Formwork and Shoring 96-61 ## Formwork and shoring 94.1 (1) In this section 'form' means the mould into which concrete is poured; ( moule ) 'formwork' means a system of forms connected to -gether; ( coffrage ) 'shoring' means the structural supports and bracing used to support all or part of a form. ( Ă©tançons ) 94.1 (1.1) An employer shall ensure that concrete pumps and placing booms that are used to make form -work are installed, erected, inspected, operated and maintained in accordance with CSA standard Z151-09 (R2014), Concrete pumps and placing booms or a stand -ard offering equivalent or better protection. 94.1 (2) An employer shall ensure that formwork and shoring are designed by an engineer and are erected in accordance with design drawings prepared by the engi -neer. 94.1 (3) An employer shall ensure that the design drawings referred to in subsection (2) ## Bordure pour plate-forme de pesĂ©e des camions 93.1 Lorsque la plate-forme de pesĂ©e des camions est Ă©levĂ©e par rapport au terrain adjacent, l'employeur doit s'assurer qu'une bordure d'une hauteur minimale de 250 mm et d'une forme suffisante pour guider en toute sĂ©curitĂ© les roues du camion sur la bascule est installĂ©e et maintenue des deux cĂŽtĂ©s de la bascule. 2001-33 AbrogĂ© 94 AbrogĂ© : 2001-33 2001-33 ## Coffrage et Ă©tançons 96-61 ## Coffrages et Ă©tançons 94.1 (1) Dans le prĂ©sent article « moule » dĂ©signe le moule dans lequel est versĂ© le bĂ©ton; ( form ) « coffrage » dĂ©signe l'ensemble des moules reliĂ©s en -tre eux; ( formwork ) « Ă©tançons » dĂ©signe les disâŠ
[5] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (Construction, Division 3, OSHA Oregon)
Page 766
Open source documentSource excerpt
<!-- image --> Division 3 AO 1-2003 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division - (1) No employee shall be permitted to work under concrete buckets while buckets are being elevated or lowered into position. - (2) To the extent practical, elevated concrete buckets shall be routed so that no employee, or the fewest number of employees, are exposed to the hazards associated with falling concrete buckets. - (f) Personal protective equipment. No employee shall be permitted to apply a cement, sand, and water mixture through a pneumatic hose unless the employee is wearing protective head and face equipment. [53 FR [redacted postal code], June 16, 1988, as amended at 59 FR [redacted postal code], Aug. 9, 1994] Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(3). Hist: APD Admin. Order 8-1989, f. 7/7/89, ef. 7/7/89. OR-OSHA Admin. Order 6-1991, f. 3/18/91, ef. 4/15/91. OR-OSHA Admin. Order 6-1995, f. 4/18/95, ef. 6/1/95. ## 1926.702 Requirements for Equipment and Tools - (a) Bulk cement storage. - (1) Bulk storage bins, containers, and silos shall be equipped with the following: - (i) Conical or tapered bottoms; and - (ii) Mechanical or pneumatic means of starting the flow of material. - (2) No employee shall be permitted to enter storage facilities unless the ejection system has been shut down, locked out, and tagged to indicate that the ejection system is not to be operated. - (b) Concrete mixers. Concrete mixers with one cubic yard (.8 m 3 ) or larger loading skips shall be equipped with the following: - (1) A mechanical device to clear the skip of materials; and - (2) Guardrails installed on each side of the skip. - (c) Power concrete trowels. Powered and rotating type concrete troweling machines that are manually guided shall be equipped with a control switch that will automatically shut off the power whenever the hands of the operator are removed from the equipment handles. - (d) Concrete buggies. Concrete buggy handles shall not extend bâŠ
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