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what risks are associated with driving

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A driving safety risk assessment should treat vehicle operation as a high-risk work activity and evaluate hazards across the full task: driver fitness, vehicle condition, route, weather, traffic, road environment, and emergency response. The assessment should include off-site workers such as drivers, review how the work is organized, consider unusual conditions such as climate events, and account for worker experience, training, and other groups with different risk levels. Common driving hazards identified in work-related risk assessment include working long hours, fatigue, and driving in congested traffic, with potential outcomes including stress and motor vehicle collision. [1] [1] [1] [1] [1]

Key hazards and controls:

  • Distracted driving: prohibit handheld phone use, texting, programming devices while moving, and any activity that takes attention from driving; set communications rules so calls/messages are handled only when safely parked or by hands-free systems used minimally.
  • Fatigue: do not drive when overly tired; schedule work to avoid fatigue-producing hours, ensure adequate rest before driving, and require drivers to stop in a safe place if drowsy. If a qualified co-worker is present, switch drivers.
  • Speeding: require compliance with posted limits and reduction of speed for traffic, visibility, road surface, work zones, and weather; never let schedules pressure drivers to violate traffic laws.
  • Impaired driving: enforce zero tolerance for alcohol, drugs, and any impairment from medication, illness, or exhaustion; remove impaired drivers from duty immediately.
  • Adverse weather and winter conditions: plan trips in advance, check weather and road reports, postpone travel when conditions are poor, carry a winter kit, slow down, increase following distance, avoid cruise control, and use low-beam headlights.
  • Road conditions: assess congestion, stopped traffic, potholes, ice, bridges, construction zones, and roadside exposure; increase spacing, scan far ahead, and adjust route or timing when hazards are elevated.
  • Vehicle defects: perform pre-use inspections and remove unsafe vehicles from service until repaired.
  • Roadside and work-zone exposure: use advance warning devices, high-visibility apparel, and traffic control measures; avoid unnecessary time near live traffic and close lanes when needed for safe incident management.

[7] [4] [4] [10] [8] [8] [13] [13] [13] [15] [15] Collision prevention and defensive driving controls should focus on anticipation, space management, visibility, and full attention. A good driver anticipates crises and avoids them. Drivers should wear seat belts at all times, maintain safe following distance, stay in the right lane except when passing, use turn signals, scan well ahead for slowing or stopped traffic, and avoid abrupt steering, braking, or acceleration. In winter or low-traction conditions, reduce speed, use smooth steering inputs, and know skid and braking techniques appropriate to whether the vehicle has anti-lock brakes. In work zones or while stopped roadside, do not rely on emergency lights alone; use cones, signs, warning devices, and clear communication. [17] [13] [13] [14] [9] [15]

Vehicle inspection and maintenance requirements:

  • Inspect the vehicle before use, at least daily, and preferably each time it is used.
  • Do not operate a vehicle until you are sure it is safe to do so; report concerns immediately.
  • Check exterior condition, windshield, wipers, mirrors, tires/wheels, suspension, licence plate/sticker, cargo security, and underneath for leaks or damage.
  • Check engine and fluid systems including oil, brake fluid, transmission fluid, radiator, washer fluid, battery, belts, hoses, exhaust, fuel, and power steering.
  • Check electrical and safety systems including headlights, signal lights, flashers, backup lights, horn, instrument panel indicators, steering, seats, seat belts, and driver controls.
  • Keep the interior free of clutter, especially around feet and pedals; ensure windows are clean and accessories such as GPS or hands-free devices do not create hazards.
  • Verify emergency equipment required by regulation, such as fire extinguisher, first aid kit, triangles or flares; for EVs, confirm extinguisher compatibility and check charge status and charging components.
  • Ensure all inspected items are in good working order, have no leaks or damage, and are properly secured.

[6] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [2] [3] [3] [5] [5] [12] Incident reporting and post-incident response should be part of the risk assessment. Drivers must know how to report vehicle defects, near misses, collisions, roadside hazards, and violations of safe-driving rules immediately. Reporting should trigger vehicle withdrawal from service when defects are identified, investigation of root causes such as fatigue or distraction, corrective actions, and recordkeeping of driving performance. For roadside incidents, use warning devices, stay out of live traffic where possible, call emergency services when needed, and communicate hazards clearly to supervisors and responders. [6] [10] [10] [11]

Applicable road safety regulations and compliance requirements should include, at minimum, a written safe-driving policy, seat belt rules, driver licensing and training, vehicle inspection and maintenance, compliance with traffic laws, and any jurisdiction-specific requirements for commercial vehicles, roadside work, and emergency equipment. Employers should assign management responsibility for the driver safety program, ensure drivers are properly licensed and trained for the vehicles they operate, and verify that schedules do not encourage violations. Where employees work on or near roads, compliance should also address traffic control, warning signs, high-visibility clothing, and move-over or lane-control requirements applicable in the jurisdiction. [4] [4] [10] [10] [10] [6] [16] [16]

A practical risk assessment outcome is to rate each hazard by likelihood and severity, then assign controls using the hierarchy of controls where possible. Typical high-priority risks for occupational driving are fatigue, distraction, speeding under schedule pressure, poor weather, unsafe roadside exposure, and mechanical defects. Effective controls include journey planning, fit-for-duty checks, pre-trip inspections, preventive maintenance, seat belt enforcement, no-phone-while-driving rules, weather-based go/no-go decisions, defensive driving training, and immediate reporting and investigation of incidents and near misses. [1] [10] [8] [8] [10]

17 source record(s)

Sources used for this answer

[1] Driving - Winter

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# Driving - Winter (cont.) ## How should I drive in winter weather? (cont.) - Steer with smooth and precise movements. Changing lanes too quickly and jerky steering while braking or accelerating can cause skidding. - Be aware and slow down when approaching a bridge. Steel and concrete bridges are likely to be icy even when there is no ice on the ground surface, (because bridges over open air cool down faster than roads, which tend to be insulated somewhat by solid ground.) - Consider getting off the road before getting stranded if the weather is worsening. - Be patient and pass other cars only when it is safe. - Keep a safe distance back from snow plows, and trucks applying salt, sand or anti-icing agents. - Never pass a snow plow due to the whiteout conditions and ridge of snow created by the plow. ## What should I do if I start to skid? - Above all DO NOT PANIC! - Look where you want your vehicle to go and steer in this direction. - DO NOT BRAKE! Take your foot off the brake if the vehicle starts to skid while braking. - DO NOT ACCELERATE! ## Should I put the vehicle into neutral during a skid? Experts agree that during a skid, it is important to reduce the vehicle's forward motion to stop faster. Many resources that promote putting your vehicle in neutral describe the following technique: - Disconnect the driving force on the drive wheels by doing either of the following: - If you're using automatic transmission, shift to neutral. However, do not touch the transmission gear if you cannot do that immediately. - If you're using manual transmission, declutch. Others promote leaving the vehicle in gear but do not apply the gas during the skid. At the end of the skid, it may be necessary to accelerate gently, or you may need to avoid an obstacle. Using winter tires and driving at a reduced speed are more important factors that influence a vehicle's stopping distance. Driving - Winter CCOHS

[2] Driving - Vehicle Inspection

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# Driving - Vehicle Inspection (cont.) ## What is an example of a daily vehicle inspection checklist? (cont.) In all cases, check that the item is in good working order, has no leaks or damage, and is properly secured. Please note this checklist is intended for gas and diesel vehicles unless otherwise noted. Additional considerations for electric vehicles (EV) were noted. Driving - Vehicle Inspection CCOHS

[3] Driving - Winter

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# Driving - Winter (cont.) ## How should I prepare for winter driving? (cont.) - Plan the arrival time at a destination by considering any delays due to slower traffic, reduced visibility, roadblocks, abandoned automobiles, collisions, etc. - Inform someone of the route and planned arrival time. - Choose warm and comfortable clothing. If there is a need to remove outdoor clothing later while driving, STOP the vehicle in a safe spot. - Warm up the vehicle BEFORE driving off. It reduces moisture condensing on the inside of the windows. If the windows are fogging on the inside, use the air conditioner (it is a dehumidifier as well). - NEVER warm up the vehicle in a closed garage. - Remove snow and ice from the vehicle. It helps to see and, equally important, to be seen. - Wear sunglasses on bright, sunny days. - Bring a cell phone, but do not leave it in the vehicle as the battery will freeze. ## How should I drive in winter weather? - Buckle up before starting to drive. Keep the seat belt buckled at all times. - SLOW DOWN! - posted speed limits are for ideal travel conditions. Driving at reduced speeds is the best precautionary measure against any misfortune while driving on slippery roads. "Black ice" is invisible. - Be alert. Black ice will make a road look like shiny new asphalt. The pavement should look grey-white in winter. - Do not use cruise control. Winter driving requires the driver to be in full control at all times. - Reduce speed while approaching intersections covered with ice or snow. - Allow for extra travelling time or delay a trip if the weather is inclement. - Drive with low-beam headlights on. Not only are they brighter than daytime running lights but turning them on also activates the tail lights. This lighting makes the vehicle more visible. - Lengthen the distance between your vehicle and the vehicle ahead. Stopping distance on an icy road is double that of stopping on a dry one. For example, from around 45 metres (140 ft…

[4] Driving - Vehicle Inspection

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# Daily Vehicle Inspection I Circle Check √- Item satisfactory I X - Item needs attention I N/A Not Applicable Report concerns immediately. <table><tr><th colspan="6">Report concerns immediately. Do not operate a vehicle until you are sure it is safe to do so.</th></tr><tr><td>Vehicle</td><td colspan="3"></td><td>Location:</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Inspected by:</td><td colspan="3"></td><td>Date(s):</td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="6">Keep form in glove compartment until complete, and then file with the vehicle maintentance office.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Monday</td><td>Tuesday</td><td>Wednesday</td><td>Thursday</td><td>Friday</td></tr><tr><td>Exterior</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Body/Frame</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cab/Box/Trunk</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cargo Secure</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bumpers</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hitch/coupling devices</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Licence plate/valid sticker</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Windshield</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wipers</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Locks</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mirrors</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Tires/Wheels</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Underneath</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Suspension</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Engine</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hoses</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluids</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- Engine Oil</td><td></td><td></…

[5] Occupational Fatality Report | Work-Related Motor Vehicle Fatalities

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# Work-Related Motor Vehicle Fatalities (cont.) ## A Retrospective Review of Work-Related Motor Vehicle Fatalities in Maine (1998-2008) (cont.) Table 7 provides a description of the different detailed categories of fatal non collision events. The number event that accounted for a high percent of these fatalities was: ## • Jack-knifed or overturned <table><tr><th colspan="6">Table 7: Detailed events in highway non collision fatalities in the United States</th></tr><tr><td>Year/Event Codes 4140-4149</td><td>2003</td><td>2004</td><td>2005</td><td>2006</td><td>2007</td></tr><tr><td>Jack-knifed or overturned</td><td>252</td><td>262</td><td>273</td><td>254</td><td>250</td></tr><tr><td>Ran off highway</td><td>35</td><td>19</td><td>14</td><td>14</td><td>22</td></tr><tr><td>Non-collision between vehicles, unspecified or not elsewhere classified</td><td>30</td><td>32</td><td>30</td><td>29</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>Others</td><td>4</td><td>10</td><td>1</td><td>6</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>Total Non collision accidents</td><td>321</td><td>323</td><td>318</td><td>303</td><td>286</td></tr></table> The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends the following practical steps to preventing motor vehicle related fatalities. ## As part of a driver safety program, NIOSH recommends employers should: • Provide a key member of the management team with responsibility and authority to set and enforce a comprehen- sive driver safety policy. • Require use of seat belts by all persons in a vehicle used on the job. • Select vehicles that provide high levels of occupant protection. - Maintain complete and accurate records of driving performance. • Stipulate that driving is a task that requires full attention, including instructions to avoid placing or taking cell phone calls while the vehicle is in operation. • Set schedules that allow adequate time for employees to make deliveries or visit clients without violating traffic laws or safety regulations.…

[6] Driving - Vehicle Inspection

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# Daily Vehicle Inspection I Circle Check √- Item satisfactory I X - Item needs attention I N/A Not Applicable Report concerns immediately. Do not operate a vehicle until you are sure it is safe to do so. <table><tr><th>- Power steering</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr><tr><td>Clutch (if applicable)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Belts</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fuel</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Battery</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Exhaust</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Electrical</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Headlight-daytime running</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Headlight - low beam</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Headlight - high beam</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Indicators/signal lights/emergency flashers</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Backup lights</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Interior</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>No clutter</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Area around feet/pedals clear</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Windows clean</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Instrument panel/indicator lights</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Horn</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Driver controls</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Steering</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Seats</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Seat belts<…

[7] Driving - Winter

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# Driving - Winter (cont.) ## How should I brake on a slippery road? If the emergency does not require slamming the brakes as hard as possible, squeeze braking (also known as threshold braking) and declutching (manual shift) will do the job most efficiently. ## Braking without anti-lock brakes - Use the heel-and-toe method. Keep your heel on the floor and use your toes to press the brake pedal firmly just short of locking up the wheels. - Release the pressure on the pedal and press again in the same way. - Repeat this until you come to a full stop. ## Braking with anti-lock brakes Also, use the heel-and-toe method, but do not remove your foot from the brake pedal until the vehicle comes to a complete stop. ## What should I do if I get stuck or stranded in the snow? - Don't panic! - Look for a safe place to stop and safely pull off the road. Try to stop at a rest area or exit the roadway and take shelter in a building. - Avoid over-exertion and over-exposure to the cold. Cold weather can put extra stress on the heart and contribute to over-exertion hazards. Sweaty or damp clothes next to the skin are not good insulators against the cold and can increase how cold you feel. Change into dry clothes where possible. - Stay in the vehicle if you cannot shovel the vehicle out of the snow. - Stay in the car in blizzard conditions - Do not leave the car for assistance unless help is very close and it is safe to walk. It is easy to get disoriented in a blizzard. - Turn on flashing lights or set up flares. A brightly coloured cloth on the radio antenna may make your vehicle more visible in daylight. - Run the vehicle's engine occasionally (about 10 minutes every hour) to provide heat (and to conserve fuel). Make sure that the tail exhaust pipe is free of snow and keep the window opened slightly (on the side shielded from the wind) to prevent the build-up of carbon monoxide when the engine is running. Driving - Winter CCOHS

[8] Driving - Winter

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CCOHS CCHST Driving Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail # Driving - Winter ## On this page What makes the difference between an ordinary driver and a good one? How should I prepare a vehicle for driving under winter conditions? What should I include in a winter driving kit? How should I prepare for winter driving? How should I drive in winter weather? What should I do if I start to skid? Should I put the vehicle into neutral during a skid? How should I brake on a slippery road? What should I do if I get stuck or stranded in the snow? ## What makes the difference between an ordinary driver and a good one? - An ordinary driver reacts to road situations. - A good driver anticipates crises and avoids them. ## How should I prepare a vehicle for driving under winter conditions? Driving in winter weather - snow, ice, wet and cold - creates a great challenge for vehicles and drivers. Keeping the vehicle in good technical repair reduces the overall chances of any mishap or disaster while driving - particularly in winter weather. To prepare the vehicle for winter driving, give it a complete checkup. Look for the following: ## Electrical system Battery - recharge or replace if the battery is weak. Also, have the charging system checked. Driving - Winter CCOHS

[9] Fatal Facts: Construction Worker Struck and Killed by Car

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# Stay in the safety zone The following practices could save your life: When working on or near a public road: • Conduct a hazard assessment of the worksite, - Do not put yourself at risk of being struck by a vehicle and do not get caught in a situation where there's no escape route, - Don't try to direct traffic unless you are a flagger and are following flagging safety rules, ■ Place warning signs along the road, and " Wear high-visibility safety clothing. ## Conduct a hazard assessment of the worksite. The job-site coordinator (supervisor or foreman) should make a thorough assessment of potential worksite safety hazards. Make certain there is a plan for work being conducted in close proximity of a public road or highway and for the safe handling of intermittent roadway traffic stoppages, such as a truck entering a roadway. Plan the entry and exit to and from the worksite to reduce exposure to traffic. All workers on site should have a safety and operations orientation. Do not put yourself at risk of being struck by a vehicle. There are safe ways to direct traffic and spot trucks. Approved methods should be used. Don't try to direct traffic unless you are a flagger and are following flagging safety rules. A spotter whose job is to help construction equipment or vehicles with backing-up or otherwise manuevering should never attempt to direct traffic in a public roadway. This is the job of a certified traffic flagger. Flaggers are trained to allow vehicles to safely travel through a road construction work zone and to keep the workers safe. Trying to direct traffic, even if it is “just for a minute", could put you at risk of serious injury or death. Place warning signs along the road. Signs give motorists warning of work ahead. Depending on the work being done, warning signs such as ROAD WORK AHEAD, SHOULDER WORK, or ROAD MACHINERY AHEAD should be used. If a flagger will be used, a FLAGGER AHEAD sign should also be used. These signs should tell motori…

[10] Driving - Winter

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# Driving - Winter (cont.) ## What should I include in a winter driving kit? (cont.) - Bag of sand or salt (or kitty litter). - Tow rope. - Traction mats. - Snow shovel. - Snowbrush. - Ice scraper. - Booster cables. - Warning devices such as reflective triangles, flares, or emergency lights. - Fuel line de-icer (methanol, also called methyl alcohol or methyl hydrate). - Extra windshield wiper fluid is appropriate for sub-freezing temperatures. - Roll of paper towels. - Flashlight and a portable flashing light (and extra batteries). - Blankets. - Extra clothing, including hat and wind-proof pants, and warm footwear. Consider bringing hand and foot warmers. - First aid kit. - Non-perishable snacks or other "emergency" food and water. - Matches and emergency candles - only use with a window opened to prevent the build- up of carbon monoxide. - Road maps. "Call Police" or other help signs or brightly coloured banners. ## How should I prepare for winter driving? - Plan the drive in advance. - Avoid driving when fatigued. - Contact the provincial "Road Reports" or listen to radio or television reports to get updates regarding road conditions in the region to which you are going. - Wherever possible, postpone the trip when the weather is bad. - Check weather conditions for your travel route (and time) before you begin driving. Driving Winter CCOHS

[11] Hazard and Risk - Risk Assessment

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# How is a risk assessment done? (cont.) ## How are the hazards identified? (cont.) - Include people who work off-site either at home, on other job sites, drivers, teleworkers, with clients, etc. - Look at the way the work is organized or done (include the experience of people doing the work, systems being used, etc.). - Look at foreseeable unusual conditions (for example: possible impact on hazard control procedures that may be unavailable in an emergency situation, power outage, climate event, etc.). - Determine whether a product, machine or equipment can be intentionally or unintentionally changed (e.g., a safety guard that could be removed). - Review all of the phases of the process or lifecycle. - Examine risks to visitors or the public. - Consider the knowledge, experience, training, and education of the individuals performing the work. - Consider the groups of people that may have a different level of risk such as young or inexperienced workers, persons with disabilities, or new or expectant mothers. It may help to create a chart or table such as the following: Table 1: Hazards, risks, and controls Job: Delivery Driver Task: Delivering Products to customers <table><tr><th>Hazards</th><th>Potential Outcomes</th><th>Risk</th><th>Priority</th><th>Hazard Controls</th></tr><tr><td>Working alone</td><td>May not be able to call for help if needed</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Manually lifting and carrying boxes</td><td>Musculoskeletal injuries (e.g., back or shoulder injury) due to manual material handling</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Working long hours</td><td>Fatigue, stress, short rest time between shifts, motor vehicle collision.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Driving in congested traffic</td><td>Motor vehicle collision, stress</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> Please see further below for guidance on determining the risk and priority of each hazard, including the risk matrices in Table 2 and Ta…

[12] Road Work - Traffic Control Person

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# What should a traffic control person do when controlling traffic? (cont.) - Cover or remove traffic control warning signs when there are no traffic control persons present. - Important reminders: - Do not assume a vehicle will stop until it has actually come to a full and complete stop. - Do not look away from oncoming traffic. - Do not do any other activity, other than control traffic. - Do not use other devices (other than your communication radio) which may distract you or impair your sight, hearing or take attention from the job. These devices include personal music players, cell phones, etc. Only use a cell phone for on-site emergency communication, if permitted. - Do not participate in arguments with motorists. Be polite, do not retaliate, stay back, and stay safe. If necessary, record the incident and report it to your supervisor. - Do not try to enforce situations that appear to be breaking highway traffic acts (e.g., speeding, dangerous driving, driving while impaired, etc.). Make a note of the licence plate on the vehicle, and discuss the situation with your supervisor. Call the police or emergency services for assistance. - Do not use radio communication when blasting activities are occurring. ## What personal protective equipment should be used? Wear personal protective equipment that is CSA approved, including: - A vest or other clothing that is the appropriate class of high visibility material - A hard hat - Safety footwear - Eye protection - Hearing protection Be sure that clothing, or eye and hearing protection do not interfere with your ability to see and hear while working. You must wear all personal protective equipment required by your employer. If you have concerns with the safety of the equipment, speak to your supervisor and explain your concerns. Other tips include: Use a sign that is designed specifically to direct traffic (stop/slow). Be sure the sign is in good repair, and meets the height and size requirement…

[13] Driving - Vehicle Inspection

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# Daily Vehicle Inspection I Circle Check √ - Item satisfactory I X - Item needs attention I N/A Not Applicable Report concerns immediately. Do not operate a vehicle until you are sure it is safe to do so. <table><tr><th>Fan, heater/defroster, air conditioner</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr><tr><td>Cargo secure</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fire extinguisher</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>First aid kit</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other safety items (triangles, flares, etc.)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Operation</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sounds</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vibrations</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Indicator or warning lights</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Emergency Equipment</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fire extinguisher (as per regulatory requirements)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>*for EV ensure fire extinguishers are compatible with the vehicle engine</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>First aid kit (as per regulatory requirements)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Considerations for Electric Vehicles (EV)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check state-of-charge (SOC) before departure</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Check driving distances relative to batteries state-of-range (SOC)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Battery health, visually inspect for physical damage or swelling (…

[14] Fatality Narrative: Concrete Finisher Driving Flatbed Truck Dies When Vehicle Leaves Road and Crashes

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# Fatality Narrative Concrete Finisher Driving Flatbed Truck Dies When Vehicle Leaves Road and Crashes Industry: Poured concrete foundation and structure contractors. Occupation: Concrete finisher. Task: Driving flatbed truck. Type of Incident: Motor vehicle crash. Release Date: Sept. 30, 2008. Case No.: 07WA06001. SHARP Report No.: 71-75-2008. On June 17, 2007, a 26-year-old male employee died when the flatbed truck he was driving left the roadway and crashed. The victim worked as a concrete finisher for a poured concrete foundation and structure contractor. The victim and a coworker completed work at a job site and then the victim, and the coworker as a passenger, got into a flatbed truck and started driving along a state highway. At about 1:40 PM the flatbed, traveling at the speed limit, on a straight section of a dry highway, veered off the road, and struck a tree head-on, The truck burst into flames. The victim died the scene and the passenger suffered severe burns to 70% of his body. A state patrol investigation determined that the probable cause of this incident was that the driver fell asleep at the wheel. 00 ◇ Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of work-related deaths in the United States. ◇ Driver fatigue is a major contributing factor in motor vehicle crashes. ◇ Employers and employees are in a strategic position to promote road safety on the job. ## Requirements/Recommendations (! Indicates items required by code) ! Establish a company policy covering safe vehicle operation and driving. ! Ensure that your safe driving policy addresses concerns specific to your company, including types of hazards, vehicles driven, work schedules, and vehicle maintenance schedules. • Employees should not drive if they are overly tired. • If traveling with a co-worker, have the co-worker drive if the co-worker is able and capable of driving the vehicle. - When traveling alone when fatigued, the driver should pull over to a safe location, get out of t…

[15] HAZARD ALERT: Traffic Incident Management Responders Struck and Killed by Oncoming Traffic

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# HAZALERT (cont.) ## Recommendations to Prevent Highway Struck-By Incidents: (cont.) 2 # ALWAYS ENSURE THAT PROPER ADVANCE WARNING EQUIPMENT HAS BEEN DISPLAYED PRIOR TO WORKING ON THE ROADSIDE Parked vehicles or people on the side of the road can contribute to a secondary incident. It is essential that approaching motorists are given an advance warning of the situation and your presence. Be sure to always have cones in your vehicle and to place them on site before begin- ning a job. ## WHENEVER POSSIBLE, WORK AWAY FROM THE FLOW OF TRAFFIC Drivers have more distractions today when behind the wheel than ever before. The closer you are to passing traffic, the more likely you are to be hit by a vehicle that unknowingly drifts into your workspace. Store equipment so that it is accessible on the non-traffic-facing side of the vehicle. If operating a tow truck, always use the winches that are on the opposite side of ap- proaching traffic. ## REDUCE RELIANCE ON EMERGENCY LIGHTS ALONE AND PLACE MORE EMPHASIS ON TRAFFIC CONTROLS Emergency lights can often be blinding to other- wise safe drivers, and can be a deadly attraction to drivers who are under the influence of alco- hol or drugs. Greater emphasis should be 1 placed on the proper use of advance warning devices such as cones and road signs. For more information, please visit the Kentucky Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (KY FACE) website at: http://www.mc.uky.edu/kiprc/projects/KOSHS/ Move over laws by state: http://drivinglaws.aaa.com/laws/move-over-law/ # ALWAYS WEAR ANSI-APPROVED HIGH-VISIBILITY SAFETY GEAR, SUCH AS VESTS AND HARDHATS WHEN WORKING ON THE ROADSIDE With some limited exceptions, all traffic incident management responders are required to wear appropriate high-visibility safety apparel when working on the roadside. Consult your employ- er's ANSI standard guide to determine which types of reflective gear are appropriate for your line of work. ## KNOW THAT THE ADJACENT LANE OR ROADWAY…

[16] City Worker Killed When Struck by a Dump Truck in Washington State

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# Recommendation #4: Construction work zones and construction vehicle/equipment traffic flow should be designed to avoid backing up vehicles/equipment as much as possible. (cont.) ## Discussion: (cont.) supervisors/superintendents and the construction vehicle drivers and other key personnel be equipped with two-way radios. The radios can be used to not only provide for the exchange of important project information, but they can also be used to send and receive warnings of hazards. In this instance the truck driver could have contacted the superintendent and asked if he wanted to talk with him. If not, the driver could have told the superintendent to stand clear as he was backing down the road or he could have asked for someone to act as a spotter as he backed down the road. The superintendent also could have called the dump truck driver to let him know that he and others would be working in the middle of the road marking a section of the storm sewer and to not back down the road until they were done. The ability to communicate effectively should be a standard part of a work zone operating safety plan. Both construction vehicle and equipment drivers need to be able to communicate with workers on foot so that both parties can safely interact with each other in a busy work zone. Two-way radios can help provide greater control of this activity and can help provide quick and clear instruction to both the workers and drivers during routine production activities and in hazard or emergency situations. Recommendation #8: Careful consideration should be given to the use of cell phones when working in construction work zones around moving equipment. ## Discussion: Serious safety issues have been identified with the use of cell phones while driving. According to the National Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) "driver distraction” is a contributing factor in at least 20-30 % of all motor vehicle collisions. A recent study by the University of Utah claims that cell ph…

[17] Driving - Vehicle Inspection

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CCOHS CCHST Driving Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail # Driving - Vehicle Inspection ## On this page Why is a vehicle inspection important? When should a vehicle inspection be done? What is an example of a daily vehicle inspection checklist? ## Why is a vehicle inspection important? A vehicle inspection or circle check is a physical and visual inspection of the vehicle before you use it. Making a report of issues helps to make sure the vehicle is safe to use. Use the vehicle manual or manufacturer's guide to help customize your inspection. Report all issues to your supervisor or to individuals responsible for vehicle maintenance. ## When should a vehicle inspection be done? The inspection should be done before using the vehicle, at least daily, and can be done each time you use the vehicle (pre-operation inspection). Walking around your vehicle before driving will also give you the opportunity to look for obstructions or hazards that are in the area that may be a concern when driving (e.g., people, pets, posts, poles, holes, other vehicles, etc.) Please refer to the vehicle owner manual for additional inspection components specific to your vehicle's make and model. NOTE: This document covers typical vehicles such as cars, trucks, and SUVs (less than 3500 km gross vehicle weight). Commercial vehicles, transport trucks, or passenger carrying vehicles (e.g., ambulances, school buses, etc.) may be required to follow more strict legislation. Contact your jurisdiction for more information. ## What is an example of a daily vehicle inspection checklist? Below is a sample inspection checklist. Determine the level of detail needed for your workplace and customize this form to meet your needs. Driving - Vehicle Inspection CCOHS

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