Write a risk assessment for replacing a bent parking net pole
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Published by SALUSRisk Assessment and Safe System of Work for Replacing a Bent Parking Net Pole =============================================================================
Assessment Date: \[DATE]
Assessor: \[ASSESSOR NAME]
Department/Area: \[DEPARTMENT/AREA]
Review Date: \[REVIEW DATE]
1\. Assessment Scope
This risk assessment covers the planned replacement of a bent parking net pole, including site set-up, isolation of the work area, inspection and removal of the damaged pole, excavation or ground disturbance as required, lifting and positioning of the replacement pole, reinstatement of the ground and any temporary works, and demobilisation. It applies to employees, supervisors, competent persons, plant operators, riggers, and any subcontractors involved in the task. The assessment also covers interface risks with pedestrians, site traffic, public vehicles, and nearby work equipment. Exclusions: this assessment does not cover unrelated civil works beyond the immediate pole replacement area, permanent redesign of the parking net system, or major structural repairs to adjacent assets unless separately authorised and assessed.
2\. Risk Assessment Methodology
A task-based Job Hazard Analysis approach is used, consistent with breaking the work into discrete steps, identifying hazards at each step, assessing likelihood and severity, and applying controls using the hierarchy of controls. The assessment uses a 5x5 risk matrix with likelihood levels of Rare, Unlikely, Possible, Likely, and Almost Certain, and severity levels of Negligible, Minor, Moderate, Major, and Catastrophic. Controls are selected in the order of elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and PPE. The assessment must be reviewed with the work crew before starting and updated if conditions change during the job.
3\. Risk Matrix Reference
The following matrix is used to evaluate risk levels based on likelihood and severity:
| Likelihood |
|---|
| Rare | Unlikely | Possible | Likely | Almost Certain | | Severity | Catastrophic | Low | Low | Low | Low | Medium | | Major | Low | Low | Medium | Medium | High | | Moderate | Low | Medium | Medium | High | High | | Minor | Medium | Medium | High | High | Extreme | | Negligible | Medium | High | High | Extreme | Extreme |
4\. Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation
1\. Striking underground services or hidden obstructions during excavation or ground disturbance for pole removal and replacement.
Potential Consequences: Damage to buried utilities, electric shock, gas release, flooding, service interruption, fire, explosion, or serious injury to workers and nearby persons. [1] [7]
Affected Persons: Groundworkers, excavator operators, supervisors, nearby workers, visitors, and the public.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate unnecessary excavation by confirming whether the pole can be removed and replaced using existing foundations or non-invasive methods.
- Obtain utility plans, carry out service locating, and mark the work area before breaking ground.
- Use a permit to work and require competent supervision for excavation and ground disturbance.
- Use hand digging or vacuum excavation near known or suspected services.
- Establish exclusion zones around the excavation and stop work immediately if unknown services are encountered.
- Provide task-specific PPE including gloves, eye protection, safety footwear, and high-visibility clothing.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
2\. Manual handling of the bent pole, replacement pole, tools, and ancillary materials.
Potential Consequences: Musculoskeletal strain, sprains, back injury, crush injuries to hands and feet, or dropped loads causing impact injuries. [12] [14]
Affected Persons: Groundworkers, riggers, installers, and any person assisting with handling operations.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Likely | Moderate | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate manual lifting where practicable by using mechanical handling aids, lifting equipment, or team lifting.
- Use suitable lifting accessories and plan the lift so the load is stable and within equipment capacity.
- Break down the task so components are moved in manageable sections where possible.
- Provide manual handling instruction, including keeping hands clear of pinch points and using correct lifting posture.
- Wear gloves with adequate grip, safety footwear, and high-visibility clothing.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Minor | Medium |
3\. Lifting operations involving the damaged pole, replacement pole, or associated components.
Potential Consequences: Load drop, rigging failure, struck-by injuries, crush injuries, property damage, or fatality. [10] [8]
Affected Persons: Riggers, slingers, operators, installers, supervisors, and anyone within the fall zone.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Use a qualified rigger and competent lifting supervisor for all lifting operations.
- Inspect lifting equipment, slings, shackles, hooks, and attachments before use and remove defective items from service.
- Determine the load weight and centre of gravity before lifting and ensure the lifting arrangement is suitable.
- Establish a barricaded fall zone and prohibit anyone from standing under suspended loads.
- Use tag lines where needed to control load movement and maintain clear communication between the operator and ground crew.
- Wear hard hats, gloves, safety footwear, and high-visibility clothing.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
4\. Collapse or instability of temporary works, including the partially removed pole, excavation edges, or any temporary support used during replacement.
Potential Consequences: Collapse of the work area, falling materials, entrapment, struck-by injuries, or damage to adjacent assets. [15] [15]
Affected Persons: Groundworkers, installers, supervisors, and nearby persons.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate unstable temporary arrangements by using a planned sequence that keeps the pole stable at all times.
- Use engineered temporary supports, shoring, or bracing where required by the ground conditions or installation method.
- Have a competent person inspect temporary works before use and after any change in conditions.
- Keep personnel out of unsupported or unstable areas and maintain exclusion zones around the work face.
- Stop work if ground conditions deteriorate or if movement, cracking, or settlement is observed.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
5\. Contact with moving plant, tools, or equipment during removal and installation activities.
Potential Consequences: Struck-by injuries, caught-between injuries, cuts, crush injuries, or fatality. [5] [12]
Affected Persons: Operators, groundworkers, riggers, supervisors, and nearby workers.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Use only equipment suitable for the task and ensure it is inspected before use.
- Separate pedestrians from plant using barriers, exclusion zones, and controlled access points.
- Use a banksman or spotter where reversing, slewing, or close-quarters manoeuvring is required.
- Maintain clear communication with operators before entering the equipment operating area.
- Keep hands and feet clear of pinch points and never place body parts between moving and fixed objects.
- Wear high-visibility clothing, safety footwear, gloves, and hard hats.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
6\. Public and vehicle interface at or near the parking area, access road, or adjacent traffic routes.
Potential Consequences: Collision with workers or plant, injury to members of the public, damage to vehicles, and disruption to site operations. [5] [11]
Affected Persons: Workers, visitors, delivery drivers, members of the public, and plant operators.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Likely | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Plan the work to minimise exposure to live traffic and public access.
- Install barriers, cones, signs, and where necessary a traffic management layout to separate the work area from vehicles and pedestrians.
- Use a traffic marshal or banksman for vehicle movements and reversing operations.
- Schedule work during lower-traffic periods where practicable.
- Provide clear entry and exit routes for vehicles and pedestrians and keep the area tidy to avoid confusion and trip hazards.
- Use high-visibility PPE for all personnel in the interface area.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Moderate | Medium |
7\. Use of work equipment such as excavators, compactors, lifting accessories, cutting tools, or powered hand tools.
Potential Consequences: Equipment failure, entanglement, cuts, eye injuries, noise exposure, flying debris, or uncontrolled movement of tools and materials. [1] [2] [4]
Affected Persons: Operators, installers, maintenance personnel, and nearby workers.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Moderate | Medium |
Control Measures
- Use the correct tool or machine for the task and do not improvise with unsuitable equipment.
- Inspect equipment, guards, cables, attachments, and safety devices before use and remove defective equipment from service.
- Follow manufacturer instructions and safe operating procedures at all times.
- Provide task-specific training and authorisation for equipment operators.
- Use PPE appropriate to the task, including eye protection, gloves, hearing protection where required, and safety footwear.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Moderate | Low |
8\. Exposure to falling objects, including tools, pole sections, spoil, or loose materials during lifting and installation.
Potential Consequences: Head injury, facial injury, fractures, bruising, or fatality to workers or bystanders. [8] [16]
Affected Persons: Groundworkers, riggers, operators, supervisors, and any person within the drop zone.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Keep the area below lifting and installation activities barricaded and signed.
- Secure tools and materials to prevent them from falling or being displaced.
- Do not work or stand under suspended loads.
- Use toe boards, catch methods, or controlled handling methods where appropriate.
- Require hard hats and high-visibility clothing for all persons in the work area.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Moderate | Medium |
9\. Adverse weather, poor lighting, or lone working affecting the safety of excavation, lifting, and vehicle interface activities.
Potential Consequences: Reduced visibility, loss of control of equipment, slips and trips, delayed emergency response, and increased likelihood of struck-by or fall incidents. [5] [13]
Affected Persons: All workers on site, especially those working near plant, traffic, or excavations.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Suspend or modify work during high winds, heavy rain, lightning, ice, or other adverse conditions.
- Provide adequate lighting for the work area and access routes when visibility is reduced.
- Avoid lone working for high-risk activities such as lifting, excavation, or traffic interface.
- Increase supervision and communication checks during changing conditions.
- Issue weather-appropriate PPE and ensure workers are prepared for cold, wet, or low-light conditions.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Moderate | Medium |
5\. General Control Measures
- Hold a site-specific job briefing before work starts and whenever conditions change.
Review the task steps, hazards, controls, emergency arrangements, and any site-specific changes with the crew before starting and again if the work scope, weather, traffic conditions, or ground conditions change. [1]
- Use a permit to work for excavation, lifting, and any activity that could affect buried services, traffic, or temporary works stability.
The permit should confirm utility checks, competent supervision, exclusion zones, lifting arrangements, and authorisation to proceed. [3]
- Establish and enforce exclusion zones around excavation, lifting, and vehicle movement areas.
Use barriers, cones, tape, and signage to keep unauthorised persons out of the work area and to prevent exposure to struck-by and fall hazards. [5]
- Ensure all personnel are competent and authorised for their assigned duties.
Only trained operators, riggers, and competent supervisors should carry out equipment operation, lifting, traffic control, and excavation oversight. [6]
- Provide and enforce appropriate PPE for the task.
Minimum PPE should normally include hard hat, high-visibility clothing, safety footwear, gloves, and eye protection; add hearing protection, respiratory protection, or other PPE if the task conditions require it. [2] [4]
6\. Emergency Preparedness
- If a utility strike occurs, stop work immediately, evacuate the area if required, isolate ignition sources where safe to do so, and notify the relevant emergency and utility contacts through site procedures.
- If a load becomes unstable or is dropped, clear the fall zone, do not attempt to catch the load, and only re-enter the area once the competent person confirms it is safe.
- If a worker is injured by plant, excavation collapse, or struck-by impact, raise the alarm, provide first aid within the limits of training, and call emergency services without delay.
- If weather or visibility deteriorates, suspend the task, secure equipment and materials, and move personnel to a safe location until conditions improve.
- Maintain clear access for emergency response vehicles and identify the nearest muster point, first aid provision, and emergency egress route before work begins.
7\. Training Requirements
- Job Hazard Analysis and Site Briefing Training: All workers involved in the task must understand the job steps, the hazards associated with each step, the control measures in place, and the requirement to stop work if conditions change. The briefing must be task-specific and repeated when the work plan changes. [1]
- How to recognise changing site conditions
- How to report new hazards
- Stop-work authority and escalation process
- Excavation and Ground Disturbance Awareness: Workers must be trained to recognise buried service risks, safe digging practices, spoil placement, edge protection, and the limits of hand digging near services. Competent supervision is required for higher-risk ground disturbance. [3]
- Utility locating and marking
- Safe digging near services
- Signs of ground instability
- Lifting and Rigging Competence: Personnel involved in lifting operations must be trained and competent in load estimation, sling selection, rigging angles, centre of gravity, exclusion zones, and communication with the operator. Defective lifting gear must be removed from service. [10]
- Load weight and centre of gravity
- Inspection of slings and attachments
- Use of tag lines and hand signals
- Traffic Management and Vehicle Interface Training: Workers exposed to vehicles or plant must be trained in traffic control arrangements, pedestrian segregation, reversing controls, and safe entry and exit from the work area. Banksmen and traffic marshals must be competent for the role. [5]
- Reversing and spotter procedures
- Pedestrian segregation
- High-visibility PPE use
- PPE Selection and Use: Workers must be trained to select, wear, inspect, and maintain PPE correctly, including hard hats, gloves, eye protection, high-visibility clothing, and safety footwear. PPE must fit properly and be used as the final layer of protection, not as a substitute for other controls. [4]
- Correct fit and adjustment
- Inspection before use
- Replacement of damaged PPE
8\. Monitoring and Review
Review Frequency: Review before each job, after any incident or near miss, and at least annually.
| Monitoring Type | Frequency | Responsible Party | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-Start Inspection | Before each shift and before any lifting or excavation activity | Competent supervisor and equipment operator | Inspect the work area, plant, lifting accessories, excavation edges, temporary works, access routes, and PPE condition before work begins. Remove defective equipment from service and correct unsafe conditions before proceeding. [9] |
| Work Area and Exclusion Zone Check | Continuous during the task | Supervisor or banksman | Monitor the integrity of barriers, the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, the position of workers relative to suspended loads, and any encroachment into the exclusion zone. Stop work if controls are breached. [5] |
| Competent Person Inspection | At setup, after any change in conditions, and at completion of the task | Competent person | Verify excavation stability, temporary works, lifting arrangements, and the overall safety of the work sequence. Reassess if weather, ground conditions, or traffic conditions change. [15] |
| PPE Compliance Check | Daily and spot-checked during the task | Supervisor | Confirm that workers are wearing the required PPE correctly and that items remain in safe condition throughout the job. Replace damaged or unsuitable PPE immediately. [2] |
9\. Special Circumstances
- High winds, heavy rain, lightning, ice, or poor visibility may increase the risk of lifting failure, slips, and vehicle interface incidents and may require the task to be postponed or re-sequenced.
- Night work or low-light conditions require enhanced lighting, high-visibility PPE, and additional supervision to maintain safe separation from vehicles and plant.
- Lone work is not suitable for high-risk steps such as lifting, excavation, or traffic interface because immediate assistance may be needed in an emergency.
- Uneven ground, soft ground, or recently disturbed soil may reduce stability for plant, temporary works, and lifting operations and must be reassessed before proceeding.
Approval and Sign-off
This risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by:
Assessor: _________________________ Date: __________
Manager/Supervisor: _________________________ Date: __________
Safety Representative: _________________________ Date: __________
This risk assessment must be reviewed review before each job, after any incident or near miss, and at least annually. or when significant changes occur.
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Sources used for this answer
[1] Toolbox Talk: Falling Objects
Page 1
Open source documentSource excerpt
# FALLING OBJECTS Date Posted: 01/30/2024 Each day, countless workplaces are subjected to the risk of falling objects. According to a recent survey conducted by the Center for Construction and Research and Training (CPWR), in 2022, falling/flying objects accounted for approximately 30% of injuries on construction sites. Falling objects from above cause severe injuries and account for fatalities every year. Falling object occur due to: incidents • A lack of hazard communication. • Improper storage of materials. • Improper protection of elevated storage areas. • Not moving or securing loads properly when protective headgear is not worn. • Improper housekeeping. Workers' most common injuries from falling objects are bruises, fractures, strains, and sprains. The objects that commonly fall range from large items such as roof trusses and steel beams to items such as fasteners and small hand tools. Understanding these hazards and implementing effective control measures is crucial in maintaining the safety of workers and bystanders alike. small ## COMMON FALLING OBJECT HAZARDS Tools, materials, and other objects can fall from roofs, cranes, and scaffolds, and even objects falling from lower levels, such as a truck bed or dolly, can lead to injuries. Several factors increase the risk of more severe injuries, including the object's shape and where on the body the person is struck. The height at which the object falls and the weight of the object are also extremely important, with injury severity increasing as the height and weight of the falling object increase. - of Objects during Work at Height: As workers perform tasks at elevated positions, items such • Dislodgement as tiles can be dislodged from a rooftop, causing hazards to those • Falling Objects due to Environmental Factors or Deterioration: Harsh weather conditions can lead to objects like scaffold planks cast off scaffolds in robust winds. Similarly, fixtures ductwork might fall from a ceiling due t…
[2] Toolbox Talk: Concrete Placement
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# CONCRETE PLACEMENT Date Posted: 05/12/2025 ## Concrete Placement Concrete is composed of cement, sand, and aggregate, which are a collection of raw materials, like sand, gravel, and crushed stone, that make up a large portion of concrete and water. When these components are mixed in the correct proportions, concrete becomes a stable and versatile building material that can be used for various applications such as roads, bridges, buildings, septic tanks, and even household countertops. The versatility of concrete in building applications can be achieved by adjusting the proportions of air and other variables in the mixture. Additionally, strengthening materials like re-bar, fiberglass strands, and plastic rods are added to reinforce the concrete. According to the Center for Construction Research and Training (CPWR), there were over 3,000 injuries that resulted in days away from work due to concrete pour- related work. Concrete work is often physically demanding and poses many hazards for those working in this field. Although there may be a need for a steady or fast pace at times, it is crucial to take the time to identify the hazards of the work and minimize them. ## HAZARDS OF WORKING WITH CONCRETE - Chemical burns: It is crucial to protect your skin from coming into direct contact with concrete. Dry cement and wet concrete can lead to skin irritation, dermatitis, or even a chemical burn. The chemicals in cement extract moisture from anything to help in the drying process. When cement pulls the moisture from the skin, it damages the skin cells severely. If left untreated, once concrete hardens, the skin will blister, swell, and bleed, resulting in a second to third- degree burn. In the most severe cases, skin contact with concrete has led to scarring, the need for skin grafts, and even amputations. Therefore, it is essential to wear proper PPE such as gloves, boots, and eye protection when working with cement materials like wet concrete. It is frequently r…
[3] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guide
Page 3
Open source documentSource excerpt
# TABLE OF CONTENTS (If viewing this pdf document on the computer, you can place the cursor over the section headings below until a hand appears and then click. You can also use the Adobe Acrobat Navigation Pane to jump directly to the sections.) <table><tr><th></th><th>How To Use This Guide...</th><th>4</th></tr><tr><td>A.</td><td>Introduction</td><td>.6</td></tr><tr><td>B.</td><td>What you are required to do.</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>1. Do a Hazard Assessment for PPE and document it</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>2. Select and provide appropriate PPE to your employees..</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>3. Provide training to your employees and document it.</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>4. Make sure your employees use their PPE properly.</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>5. Make sure PPE is in safe and good condition</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>C.</td><td>Resources</td><td>.14</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Tools/Forms: Checklists and forms you can use to help you</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>comply with PPE requirements.</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Guidelines for complying with PPE requirements.</td><td>5672 16</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Hazard Assessment For PPE.</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Job Hazard Analysis Assessment for PPE.</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- Additional Guidelines for Conducting a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) Assessment for PPE...</td><td>.25</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Personal Protective Equipment Training Certification Form</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Personal Protective Equipment Training Quiz.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Sample PPE Policies</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Recognizing and Controlling Hazards</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td>What is a hazard?.</td><td>35</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>How do you control hazards?</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Engineering Controls.</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>- Work Practice Controls</td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td><…
[4] Toolbox Talk: Avoiding Hand Injuries
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# AVOIDING HAND INJURIES Date Posted: 05/09/2025 # Avoiding Hand Injuries Workers rely heavily on their hands to carry out construction tasks. Hence, it's crucial to protect fingers and hands to ensure both quality of work and life. Since hands are used frequently, they can be at risk of injury. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), hand injuries rank second in the list of work-related injuries in the United States. Despite taking precautions, minor hand injuries are common in the workplace. Hands are vulnerable to various hazards, including lacerations from sharp objects, crushes, pinch point injuries from moving machinery, joint and nerve pain, and exposure to environmental factors like heat, cold, plants, insects, and chemicals. ## LACERATIONS Lacerations are the most frequent type of hand injury caused by sharp objects or tools. During activities involving sharp tools, inadequate gloves are often used. Kevlar gloves provide effective protection against cuts and slices, but they are not suitable for protection against straight stab motions, which can still penetrate them easily. Therefore, one must exercise caution when using any tool that can easily penetrate the skin. ## CRUSH INJURIES Crush injuries usually happen when employees put their hands in the way of two objects or a rotating piece of equipment. Pinch points on tools or equipment can also cause injuries. crush Fractures occur when there's a sudden blow to the bones in the fingers or hands. Motor vehicle accidents are a common cause of hand fractures. Another common cause of is when a person tries to catch themselves from a fall and extends their hands. fractures ## PINCH POINTS Pinch points refer to any areas where a body part can be trapped between moving and stationary parts of equipment. They are commonly found in different areas of the workplace, including assembly line work, equipment maintenance, lifting materials, and connecting trailers. Pinch points can lead to minor…
[5] Toolbox Talk: Rigging Safety
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# RIGGING SAFETY Date Published: 05/15/2025 # Rigging Safety It is crucial to properly rig and secure loads as poorly rigged loads may become unbalanced and fall, causing severe consequences. Additionally, rigging hardware may fail under excessive loads, which can also be catastrophic. Certain training and experience are required to rig a load. A qualified rigger is necessary during any hoisting activity used for the assembly or disassembly of a crane. They are also required whenever a worker is engaged in hooking, unhooking, guiding a load, or making an initial connection of a load to a component or structure within the fall zone. Note: Fall zone means the area (including but not limited to the area directly beneath the load) in which it is reasonably foreseeable that partially or completely suspended materials could fall in the event of an accident. ## WHAT IS RIGGING? to Rigging is the process of fastening a load to a lifting device, such as a crane. In order to rig a load properly, riggers need to be able to make calculations determine the weight of the load and the best method to use for rigging it. This may involve using ropes, chains, slings, shackles, lifting attachments, or other equipment. To prevent dangerous movement of the load during transportation, a tagline may be used to control it. Finally, the load will be safely landed. ## RIGGING HAZARDS The following are some hazards with rigging a load: • An improperly rigged load may cause a failure in the rigging equipment and thus cause the load to drop. • Failure to rig the load to its center of gravity may cause the load to be hoisted unlevel, add extra strain to the rigging, and, in some cases, cause the load to fall out of the rigging. • An improperly - rigged load may add strain/force to the load and cause damage to the load. • Hands or fingers can get injured by pinch points when taking up the strain of the rigging or when landing loads. ## GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR RIGGING • Ensur…
[6] Toolbox Talk: Work Zone Safety
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# WORK ZONE SAFETY STOP ## Date Posted: 05/31/2024 According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), there are 773 work zone-related fatalities annually. Construction workers who work on highways, roads, streets, bridges, tunnels, utilities, and other similar work for the highway infrastructure are exposed to hazards from outside and inside the work zone. The work is often in congested areas with exposure to high traffic volumes and speeds and can also have the dangers of low lighting, low visibility, and inclement weather. Work is often near moving construction vehicles, equipment, and passing motor vehicle traffic. Note: Dump trucks were responsible for 41% of the deaths, with 52% of those fatalities involving dump trucks backing. ## WORK ZONE HAZARDS When working on or near the roads, there are several hazards that you need to be aware of, including: • Moving and idle construction vehicles and equipment. • Moving vehicles driven by the public or other workers. • Traffic control/management. • Noise from motors and vehicles. • Limited visibility from machinery/dust. - Night work and limited lighting. • Inclement weather. - Natural hazards such as trees and vegetation. . Slip, trip, and fall hazards. • Hazards upon entering or leaving the work zone. ## FLAGGERS Flaggers and other workers can be exposed to the hazard of being struck if not visible to motorists or equipment operators. Flaggers and others setting up or taking down temporary traffic control should wear high visibility clothing (ANSI class 2 or 3) with a fluorescent orange-red or yellow-green background and retroreflective orange, yellow, white, silver, or yellow-green material. In traffic movement areas, this personal protective equipment will make the worker visible at least 1,000 feet from any direction and make the worker stand out from the background. Drivers are required to be warned in advance with signs of a flagger ahead. Flaggers should use STOP/SLOW paddles, paddles wit…
[7] MIOSHA Fact Sheet: Traffic Control For Part 58. Aerial Work Platforms
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# Traffic Control For Part 58. Aerial Work Platforms (cont.) ## The five categories of work duration are: (cont.) Page 2 Traffic Control For Part 58. Aerial Work Platforms ## What do I need to know about a work zone? There are four components to a work zone: • Advance Warning Area - This is the section of the highway that informs of an up-coming work area. • Transition Area - This is the section of the highway that moves traffic out of its normal path. • Activity Area - This is the section of the highway where the work activity takes place. . Termination Area - This is the section of the highway where traffic returns to normal. Refer to Part 6 of the Michigan Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for more in-depth information. ## What types of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) are required? Traffic regulators have always been required to wear head, eye, and foot protection along with high-visibility reflective vests. The vests must be ANSI 107-2004 Class 2 or Class 3 High-Visibility Apparel. This requirement helps protect construction and maintenance crews by making them more visible in the workplace during both daytime and nighttime work. All employees that work within the road right of way are required to wear High-Visibility Apparel (see Section 6D.03 Workers safety Considerations in the MMUTCD). Part 58 requires the use of fall protection when working in an aerial lift platform. ## What type of training is needed for my employees? Part 6 of the Michigan Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Section 6D.03(A) states: All workers should be trained on how to work next to motor vehicle traffic in a way that minimizes their vulnerability. Workers having specific TTC responsibilities must be trained in TTC techniques, device usage, and placement. All traffic regulators must be trained as required before starting work. Please see MDOT traffic regulator training documents: http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdot/MDOT- Traffic RegulatorsManual 327…
[8] Toolbox Talk: Head Protection
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Open source documentSource excerpt
CPWR TOOLBOX THE CENTER FOR CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH AND TRAINING TALK # Head Protection The hard hat is one of the most widely used and important pieces of personal protective equipment (PPE) on the job. Hard hats protect workers from head injuries due to falling objects and overhead hazards. ## Bob's Story Bob and his crew were putting a new roof on a house. During his lunch break, Bob was on the ground eating a sandwich. A worker on the roof dropped his hammer. The falling hammer struck Bob's hard hat. Although Bob had some pain and discomfort, he did not need hospitalization. - Have you or someone you know ever had their hard hat prevent an injury? If so, what happened? - How could this incident have been prevented? ## Remember This ➤ On a jobsite, always wear a hard hat that fits properly. ➤ Always wear your hard hat with the bill facing forward. Certification by ANSI does not cover hard hats worn backwards. ➤ Always avoid contact between the hard hat and electric wires. ➤ Always keep the space between the shell and the head clear. For example, don't wear a ball cap or other object under your hard hat. Never alter its shell or suspension, because that could drastically reduce the protection it gives. ➤ Never use a cushion-support suspension that is intended for use with a different hard hat shell or that is made by a different manufacturer. ➤ If you wear eye protection, use a kind designed to work with hard hats. Be sure to follow the maker's instructions for use. How can we stay safe today? What will we do at the worksite to promote hard hat use and prevent head injuries? - 1. - 2. OSHA Regulation: 1926.100 ©2017, CPWR-The Center for Construction Research and Training. All rights reserved. CPWR is the research and training arm of NABTU. Production of this document was supported by cooperative agreement OH 009762 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors an…
[9] Toolbox Talk: Supported Scaffolding
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# SUPPORTED SCAFFOLDING (cont.) ## SCAFFOLD HAZARDS (cont.) • Collapse of the scaffold, caused by instability or overloading: The proper erection of a scaffold is essential in preventing this hazard. Before erecting the scaffold, several factors must be accounted for. The weight the scaffold will be required to hold, including the weight of the scaffold itself, materials, and workers, shall be considered. Foundation stability, placement of scaffold planks, distance from the scaffold to the work surface, and tie-in requirements are just a few of the other items that must be considered. • Being struck by falling tools, work materials, or debris: Workers on scaffolds are not the only ones exposed to scaffold-related hazards. Many individuals have been injured or killed due to being struck by materials or tools that have fallen from scaffold platforms. To protect against this hazard, install toe boards or netting on work platforms to prevent these items from falling to the ground or lower-level work areas. Another option is to erect barricades that physically prevent individuals from walking under work platforms and dangerous areas. • Electrocution due to the proximity of the scaffold to overhead power lines: A minimum of 10' (might be more depending on voltage) must be maintained between the scaffold and electrical hazards. The power company must de-energize or adequately insulate the hazard if this distance cannot be maintained. Coordination between the power company and the company erecting/using the scaffold cannot be overstated. ## INSPECTING THE SCAFFOLD Inspecting scaffolding before each use is crucial to ensure it is safe and secure. A daily inspection should be performed to check the guardrails, connectors, fastenings, footing, tie-ins, and bracing. If any component is damaged, it should be repaired or replaced immediately. A competent person with experience in scaffolding safety should perform the inspection. Use Daily Scaffold Inspection tags. The tag s…
[10] Toolbox Talk: Personal Protective Equipment
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Date Posted: 09/03/2016 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is gear that can be worn to help minimize or eliminate injury. It can be worn to help prevent sudden injuries or injuries occur over time. It is very important the user understands the intended purpose of the PPE and verifies that it fits properly. that ## When to Wear PPE • Before you resort to PPE, you should first: • Use administrative controls • Implement Engineering Controls • Use local exhaust or general ventilation vs. a respirator • Control dust with a wet process vs. dry • Install sound reducing devices to mechanical equipment • When these other two means of protection are exhausted you then will need to select the appropriate PPE. - Often times PPE will be used in conjunction with administrative and engineering controls for added protection. ## BASIC TYPES OF PPE Head: Hard hat, welders cap Hearing: Earmuffs, ear plugs or canal caps Face/Eye: Safety glasses, face shield, safety goggles. Hand: Gloves for general use, chemical use, electrical work or hot work. Body: Chaps, leathers, coveralls Foot Protection: Leather boots, Safety toe/steel toe boots Personal Protective Equipment is gear that is worn to help minimize or eliminate injury. It is very important the user understands the intended purpose of the PPE, verifies that the PPE fits properly and is adequate for the work to be performed. Remember: PPE is the last line of defense against a hazard. LEARN MORE ## QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION • Does the PPE you wear to perform your work fit properly and is it in good working condition? What can be done in your work area to improve the use of PPE? • What improvements can be made to reduce the need for PPE? ## PRESENTER TIPS • Pre-read the Toolbox Talk. Your comfort level and confidence will be higher if you know your topic. Discuss related tasks, work areas or events that make the Toolbox Talk relevant to your job site. • Involve the workers …
[11] Toolbox Talk: Job Hazard Analysis
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS the ease e, plea e, our organ our a a Risk Assessment plea organ include Hazard Chemical Date Posted: 05/13/2025 # Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) A job hazard analysis (JHA) analyzes a task's associated hazards and risks and focuses on identifying and controlling hazards. Utilizing the JHA will provide a process for analyzing the work activities that will determine the tools, materials, and equipment needed to develop work methods and procedures for accomplishing the task. The process will identify existing and potential hazards, assess the risk, and identify ways to eliminate or protect against the hazard. ## STEPS FOR COMPLETING A JHA In accordance with WAC 296-800-[redacted postal code] - Hazard Assessment for PPE, a hazard assessment must be conducted to identify hazards or potential hazards and determine if PPE necessary on the job. Additionally, this hazard assessment must be documented according to WAC 296-800-[redacted postal code]. The steps required for completing a quality hazard assessment are as follows: is • Involve the Right People in the Process: Employees who do the job know the job best at the frontline level, and their knowledge is valuable in identifying hazards and coming up with solutions to mitigate hazards. - Define the core tasks and Break the Hazard Analysis into Steps: In the first step, separate each job into all the individual segments of the job. The simplest way to do it is observe the worker doing the task and list the individual steps. to - Observe the work: Watch employees perform the task in question. • Record steps: Break down tasks into a reasonable number of steps. • • - Review your findings: Review your task lists with the employees you observe. Are you missing any necessary steps? - Identify specific hazards in Each Step: With all the steps outlined, identify each hazard associated with each step. Some hazards will be obvious (risk of laceration, fall, struck by, caught in or between, etc.…
[12] Road Work - Traffic Control Person
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# What should a traffic control person do when controlling traffic? (cont.) ## What personal protective equipment should be used? (cont.) - Carry spare batteries for the communication radio. - For poor light or night conditions, use a flashlight fitted with a red signalling wand, and carry spare batteries for the flashlight. Reflective material on your hard hat and clothing will also help you be more visible. - For poor light or night conditions, where possible, stand under a street light, or install overhead lighting that will allow motorists to see the traffic control person more easily. - Dress according to the weather, and be prepared for when the weather changes. Depending on the environmental conditions, clothing may include sunglasses, sunscreen and insect repellent, high visibility rain gear, and warm layered clothing (including gloves, winter boots, and hard hat liners). - Where appropriate, carry protection from wildlife, including bear bangers or bear mace. - Use a portable horn or whistle to alert other workers when necessary. - Carry a book for note taking. Fact sheet first published: 2017-09-14 Fact sheet last revised: 2023-06-21 ## Disclaimer Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy, currency and completeness of the information, CCOHS does not guarantee, warrant, represent or undertake that the information provided is correct, accurate or current. CCOHS is not liable for any loss, claim, or demand arising directly or indirectly from any use or reliance upon the information. Road Work - Traffic Control Person CCOHS
[13] Oregon OSHA: Tools and Techniques for Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# This material is for training use only (cont.) This material is for training use only ° # CONDUCTING THE JHA Step 4 Develop Preventive Measures ## How do I correct or prevent hazards? After reviewing your list of hazards with the employee, consider what control methods will eliminate or reduce them. The most effective measures are engineering controls that physically change a machine or work environment. The less likely a hazard control can be circumvented, the better. If this is not feasible, management controls may be appropriate. The JHA itself can be an effective management control. ## Hazard Control strategies There are four approaches used to eliminate or reduce hazards and exposures. They are as follows: 1. Engineering controls - Strategies to eliminate or reduce the hazard primarily through equipment replacement, substitution, redesign, or other engineering methods. If you can get rid of the hazards in a job, you may not need to conduct the JHA! 2. Management controls (Also called administrative or work practice controls) - Strategies to eliminate or reduce exposure. You do this primarily by changing work practices, procedures, and schedules. Developing effective management controls is what the JHA is all about! 3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Using PPE is considered a - safe work practice and can be expected to be a part of most JHAS. PPE establishes a barrier between the hazard and the worker. PPE is most always used in conjunction with management and engineering controls. 4. Interim (temporary) measures. Cones, guards, tape, etc., can all serve to temporarily protect employees from hazards until permanent control strategies can be used. You may need to temporarily protect employees while working toward a permanent solution. Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) 18
[14] Personal Protective Equipment Hazard Assessment
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# What types of PPE may be necessary? Your hazard assessment should determine if your employees need any of the following types of PPE: - Eye and face protection ◆ Fall protection - Foot protection • Hand/general skin protection - Head protection • Hearing protection • Leg protection ● Personal floatation device • Respiratory protection • Torso/general body protection ## How to do a PPE hazard assessment ## Do a baseline survey to identify workplace hazards A baseline survey is a thorough evaluation of your entire workplace - including work processes, tasks, and equipment - that identifies safety and health hazards. A complete survey will tell you what the hazards are, where they are, and how severe a potential injury could be. ## Suggestions: Use safety data sheets (SDS) to identify chemical hazards. A safety data sheet has detailed information about a hazardous chemical's health effects, its physical and chemical characteristics, and safe handling practices. Review equipment owner and operator manuals to determine the manufacturer's safety warnings and recommended PPE. Conduct a job-hazard analysis (JHA) - a method of identifying, assessing, and controlling hazards associated with specific jobs. A JHA breaks down a job into tasks. You evaluate each task to determine if there is a safer way to do it. A job-hazard analysis works well for jobs with difficult-to-control hazards and jobs with histories of accidents or near misses. JHAS for complex jobs can take a considerable amount of time and expertise to develop. You may want to have a safety professional help you. Have an experienced safety professional survey your workplace with you. 4
[15] FATALITY NARRATIVE: Foreman and Laborer Fall when Aerial Lift Struck by Vehicle
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Open source documentSource excerpt
FACE Washington Fatality Assessment & Control Evaluation # FATALITY NARRATIVE # Foreman and Laborer Fall when Aerial Lift Struck by Vehicle Industry: Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction Task: Installing retaining rods on bridge Occupation: Foreman and laborer In July 2016, a 40-year-old construction foreman died and a 57-year-old laborer was injured when a truck struck the elevated aerial lift platform they were working in, ejecting them from the platform. The two men worked for a civil construction contractor that does, among other projects, bridge construction. The Seattle Department of Transportation (SDOT) hired the contractor to replace rubber bearing pads on an expressway bridge. Their task that day was to install replacement retaining rods underneath the bridge. Also known as seismic restrainers, these rods prevent excess movement of bridge elements. They were using a self-propelled telescopic boom-supported elevating work platform or aerial lift. They positioned the lift underneath the bridge in a dirt median between two roadway ramps. After loading equipment, they both stood on the platform while the foreman raised it and boomed out so that they could access the work area between girders on the bridge above. The work area was about [redacted street address] of an elevated exit ramp. As the foreman was positioning the platform, it was struck by a box truck traveling in the lane below. The impact spun the platform 180 degrees and ejected the workers from the platform. The foreman was thrown 50 feet horizontally, landing on a railroad track 48 feet below. He died of his injuries. The laborer fell about 10 feet and dangled from his lanyard above the road until the truck driver and a passerby helped him down. Emergency responders took Type of Incident: Fall Incident Date: July 1, 2016 Release Date: July 5, 2017 SHARP Report No.: 71-160-2017 Incident scene showing the aerial lift after being struck by a truck. for abdominal injuries. The investiga…
[16] Toolbox Talk: Aerial Lift Safety
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# AERIAL LIFT SAFETY ## WHAT IS AN AERIAL LIFT? According to OSHA, an aerial lift is any vehicle-mounted device used to elevate personnel, including: • Extendable boom platforms • Aerial ladders • Articulating (jointed) boom platforms . Vertical towers • Any combination of the above. Work from or around aerial lifts presents many significant hazards. These include Power line contact or contact with other overhead obstructions, falls from elevation, tip-overs, being ejected from the lift basket, structural failure of the lift, objects falling from the and striking persons below, causing injury. Injuries from aerial lift accidents can be devastating and life-threatening, life-altering, or fatal. When broken down by trade, electricians had the most deaths (25%), followed construction laborers (15% ), electrical power installers and repairers (13%), painters (8%), and carpenters (5%). lift Additionally, most falls/collapses/tip-overs were within the height category of 10-29 feet. Tip-overs comprised 44-46% of boom-lift falls and 56-59% of scissor-lift falls. Constructing and repairing activities were associated with fall/collapse/tip-over incidents. ## HAZARDS AND HAZARD PREVENTION TIPS WHEN OPERATING AERIAL LIFTS Falls: This is the most common cause f aerial lift fatalities. Severe injuries or deaths can result from falls. Falls from aerial lifts often occur from improper lift operation and/or not using adequate fall protection equipment. To prevent falls from aerial lifts: • Ensure that access gates or openings are closed • Stand firmly on the floor of the lift platform or bucket • Do not climb on or lean over guardrails • Do not use planks, ladders, other devices to extend the working position • Use a body harness with a tether or lanyard attached to the boom bucket If Tip-overs can occur if proper safety precautions are not followed when using aerial lifts. Ensure the ground a lift is traveling or positioned on is free from bumps, holes, depres…
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