Driving lull through site with and without load height requirements
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Published by SALUSWhen driving through a site, whether with or without a load, several safety considerations should be kept in mind. Here's a breakdown:
- General Traffic Regulations: Always observe all traffic regulations, including posted speed limits within the plant [1]. Maintain a safe following distance, approximately three truck lengths, and always keep the vehicle under control [1].
- Right-of-Way: Yield the right-of-way to emergency vehicles like ambulances and fire trucks [1].
- Passing: Avoid passing other trucks traveling in the same direction at intersections, blind spots, or other dangerous locations [1].
- Obstructed Views: If the load obstructs your forward view, travel with the load trailing [1].
- Railroad Tracks: Cross railroad tracks diagonally whenever possible, and do not park closer than 8 feet from the center of the tracks [1].
- Clear Path of Travel: Always look in the direction of travel and maintain a clear view of the path [1].
- Grades: Ascend or descend grades slowly. When on grades exceeding 10 percent, loaded trucks should be driven with the load uphill. On all grades, tilt the load and load engaging means back, if applicable, and raise only as far as necessary to clear the road surface [1].
- Speed: Operate the truck at a speed that allows you to stop safely under all travel conditions [1].
- Floor Conditions: Slow down for wet and slippery floors [1].
- Stable Loads: Handle only stable or safely arranged loads, and exercise caution with off-center loads [2].
- Load Capacity: Only handle loads within the rated capacity of the truck [2].
- Attachments: When not handling a load, trucks with attachments should be operated as partially loaded trucks [2].
- Securing Loads: Loads should be built and secured to ensure stability during transit [3].
- Warning Signals: Ensure all vehicles are equipped with audible warning signals [3].
- Lighting: If operating in dark or poorly lit areas, vehicles must have headlights and tail lights [3].
- Hazardous Crossings: Railroad tracks and other hazardous crossings should be plainly posted [4].
- Restricted Clearance: Areas with restricted side or overhead clearance must be clearly marked [4].
- Aisles and Roadways: Aisles, passageways, and roadways must be wide enough to allow safe side clearance [4].
- Overhead Hazards: If operating in areas where overhead hazards exist, the vehicle should be equipped with an approved overhead guard [5].
It's also important to remember that operators must be trained in several key areas, including [6]:
- Operating instructions, warnings and precautions for the types of trucks they are authorized to operate [6].
- Differences between the truck and an automobile [6].
- Truck controls and instrumentation [6].
- Steering and maneuvering [6].
- Visibility, including restrictions due to loading [6].
- Vehicle capacity and stability [6].
- Surface conditions where the vehicle will be operated [6].
- Composition of loads to be carried and load stability [6].
- Pedestrian traffic in areas where the vehicle will be operated [6].
- Narrow aisles and other restricted places where the vehicle will be operated [6].
- Ramps and other sloped surfaces that could affect the vehicle's stability [6].
By adhering to these guidelines, you can significantly reduce the risk of accidents and injuries while driving on-site.
Sources used for this answer
[1] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 1699
Open source documentSource excerpt
Division 2 - (ii) Stacking dissimilar unit packages. Long units of lumber shall not be stacked upon shorter packages except where a stable pile can be made with the use of package separators. - (iii) Unstable piles. Piles of lumber which have become unstable shall be immediately made safe, or the area into which they might fall shall be fenced or barricaded and employees prohibited from entering it. - (iv) Stickers. Unit packages of lumber shall be provided with stickers as necessary to insure stability under ordinary operating conditions. - (v) Sticker alignment. Stickers shall extend the full width of the package, shall be uniformly spaced, and shall be aligned one above the other. Stickers may be lapped with a minimum overlapping of 12 inches. Stickers shall not protrude more than 2 inches beyond the sides of the package. - (vi) Pile height. The height of unit package piles shall be dependent on the dimensions of the packages and shall be such as to provide stability under normal operating conditions. Adjacent lumber piles may be tied together with separators to increase stability. - (28) Lumber loading. Loads shall be built and secured to insure stability in transit. ## (29) Burners. - (i) Guying. If the burner stack is not self-supporting, it shall be guyed or otherwise supported. - (ii) Runway. The conveyor runway to the burner shall be equipped with a standard handrail. If the runway crosses a roadway or thoroughfare, standard toeboards shall be provided in addition. ## (30) Vehicles. - (i) Scope. Vehicles shall include all mobile equipment normally used in sawmill, planing mill, storage, shipping, and yard operations. - (ii) Warning signals and spark arrestors. All vehicles shall be equipped with audible warning signals and where practicable shall have spark arrestors. - (iii) Lights. All vehicles operated in the dark or in poorly lighted areas shall be equipped with head and tail lights.
[2] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 1228
Open source documentSource excerpt
Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4). Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295. Hist: WCB Admin. Order No. 22-1974, f. 6/20/74, ef. 7/15/74. OR-OSHA Admin. Order 13-1993, f. 8/20/93, ef. 11/1/93. OR-OSHA Admin. Order 6-1999, f. 5/26/99, ef. 5/26/99. OR-OSHA Admin. Order 6-2007, f. 9/26/07, ef. 9/26/07. ## 1910.178 (m)(13) [Reserved] - (14) Fire aisles, access to stairways, and fire equipment shall be kept clear. ## (n) Traveling. - (1) All traffic regulations shall be observed, including authorized plant speed limits. A safe distance shall be maintained approximately three truck lengths from the truck ahead, and the truck shall be kept under control at all times. - (2) The right of way shall be yielded to ambulances, fire trucks, or other vehicles in emergency situations. - (3) Other trucks traveling in the same direction at intersections, blind spots, or other dangerous locations shall not be passed. - (4) The driver shall be required to slow down and sound the horn at cross aisles and other locations where vision is obstructed. If the load being carried obstructs forward view, the driver shall be required to travel with the load trailing. - (5) Railroad tracks shall be crossed diagonally wherever possible. Parking closer than 8 feet from the center of railroad tracks is prohibited. - (6) The driver shall be required to look in the direction of, and keep a clear view of the path of travel. - (7) Grades shall be ascended or descended slowly. - (i) When ascending or descending grades in excess of 10 percent, loaded trucks shall be driven with the load upgrade. - (ii) [Reserved] - (iii) On all grades the load and load engaging means shall be tilted back if applicable, and raised only as far as necessary to clear the road surface. - (8) Under all travel conditions the truck shall be operated at a speed that will permit it to be brought to a stop in a safe manner. - (9) Stunt d…
[3] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 1229
Open source documentSource excerpt
Division 2 AO 3-2019 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division - (11) Dockboard or bridgeplates, shall be properly secured before they are driven over. Dockboard or bridgeplates shall be driven over carefully and slowly and their rated capacity never exceeded. - (12) Elevators shall be approached slowly, and then entered squarely after the elevator car is properly leveled. Once on the elevator, the controls shall be neutralized, power shut off, and the brakes set. - (13) Motorized hand trucks must enter elevator or other confined areas with load end forward. - (14) Running over loose objects on the roadway surface shall be avoided. - (15) While negotiating turns, speed shall be reduced to a safe level by means of turning the hand steering wheel in a smooth, sweeping motion. Except when maneuvering at a very low speed, the hand steering wheel shall be turned at a moderate, even rate. ## (o) Loading. - (1) Only stable or safely arranged loads shall be handled. Caution shall be exercised when handling off-center loads which cannot be centered. - (2) Only loads within the rated capacity of the truck shall be handled. - (3) The long or high (including multiple-tiered) loads which may affect capacity shall be adjusted. - (4) Trucks equipped with attachments shall be operated as partially loaded trucks when not handling a load. - (5) A load engaging means shall be placed under the load as far as possible; the mast shall be carefully tilted backward to stabilize the load. - (6) Extreme care shall be used when tilting the load forward or backward, particularly when high tiering. Tilting forward with load engaging means elevated shall be prohibited except to pick up a load. An elevated load shall not be tilted forward except when the load is in a deposit position over a rack or stack. When stacking or tiering, only enough backward tilt to stabilize the load shall be used. - (p) Operation of the truck. - (1) If at any time a powered indu…
[4] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (Construction, Division 3, OSHA Oregon)
Page 680
Open source documentSource excerpt
Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 3-2019 Division 3 - (3) Training program content. Powered industrial truck operators shall receive initial training in the following topics, except in topics which the employer can demonstrate are not applicable to safe operation of the truck in the employer's workplace. - (i) Truck-related topics: - (A) Operating instructions, warnings, and precautions for the types of truck the operator will be authorized to operate; - (B) Differences between the truck and the automobile; - (C) Truck controls and instrumentation: where they are located, what they do, and how they work; - (D) Engine or motor operation; - (E) Steering and maneuvering; - (F) Visibility (including restrictions due to loading); - (G) Fork and attachment adaptation, operation, and use limitations; - (H) Vehicle capacity; - (I) Vehicle stability; - (J) Any vehicle inspection and maintenance that the operator will be required to perform; - (K) Refueling and/or charging and recharging of batteries; - (L) Operating limitations; - (M) Any other operating instructions, warnings, or precautions listed in the operator's manual for the types of vehicle that the employee is being trained to operate. - (ii) Workplace-related topics: - (A) Surface conditions where the vehicle will be operated; - (B) Composition of loads to be carried and load stability; - (C) Load manipulation, stacking, and unstacking; - (D) Pedestrian traffic in areas where the vehicle will be operated; - (E) Narrow aisles and other restricted places where the vehicle will be operated; - (F) Hazardous (classified) locations where the vehicle will be operated; - (G) Ramps and other sloped surfaces that could affect the vehicle's stability; - (H) Closed environments and other areas where insufficient ventilation or poor vehicle maintenance could cause a buildup of carbon monoxide or diesel exhaust; - (I) Other unique or potentially hazardous environmental conditions i…
[5] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 1700
Open source documentSource excerpt
Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Division 2 - (iv) Overhead guard. All vehicles operated in areas where overhead hazards exist shall be equipped with an approved overhead guard. See American National Standard Safety Code for Powered Industrial Trucks, B56.1-1969, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. - (v) Platform guard. Where the operator is exposed to hazard from backing the vehicle into objects, an approved platform guard shall be provided and so arranged as to not impede exit of driver from vehicle. - (vi) Reserved. - (vii) Operation in buildings. Vehicles powered by internal combustion engines shall not operate in buildings unless the buildings are adequately ventilated. - (viii) Load limits. No vehicle shall be operated with loads exceeding its safe load capacity. - (ix) Brakes. All vehicles shall be equipped with brakes capable of holding and controlling the vehicle and capacity load upon any incline or grade over which they may be operated. - (x) Reserved. - (xi) Carriers. - (A) Carriers shall be so designed and constructed that the operator's field of vision shall not be unnecessarily restricted. - (B) Carriers shall be provided with an access ladder or equivalent. - (xii) Lumber hauling trucks. - (A) On trucks where movement of load on stopping would endanger the operator, a substantial bulkhead shall be installed behind the operator's seat. This shall extend to the top of the operator's compartment. - (B) Stakes, stake pockets, racks, tighteners, and binders shall provide adequate means to secure the load against any movement during transit. - (C) Where rollers are used, at least two shall be equipped with locks which shall be locked when supporting loads during transit. - (31) Traffic control and flow.
[6] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 1701
Open source documentSource excerpt
Division 2 Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division - (i) Hazardous crossings. Railroad tracks and other hazardous crossings shall be plainly posted. - (ii) Restricted overhead clearance. All areas of restricted side or overhead clearance shall be plainly marked. - (iii) Pickup and unloading points. Pickup and unloading points and paths for lumber packages on conveyors and transfers and other areas where accurate spotting is required, shall be plainly marked and wheel stops provided where necessary. - (iv) Aisles, passageways, and roadways. Aisles, passageways, and roadways shall be sufficiently wide to provide safe side clearance. Oneway aisles may be used for two-way traffic if suitable turnouts are provided. - (d) Log handling, sorting, and storage. - (1) Log unloading methods, equipment, and facilities. - (i) Unloading methods. - (A) Stakes and chocks which trip shall be constructed in such manner that the tripping mechanism that releases the stake or chocks is activated at the opposite side of the load being tripped. - (B) Binders on logs shall not be released prior to securing with unloading lines or other unloading device. - (C) Binders shall be released only from the side on which the unloader operates, except when released by remote control devices or except when person making release is protected by racks or stanchions or other equivalent means. Note: Other equivalent means include the procedures contained in OAR 437, Division 7, Forest Activities (Subdivision K, OAR [redacted phone]). - (D) Loads on which a binder is fouled by the unloading machine shall have an extra binder or metal band of equal strength placed around the load, or the load shall be otherwise secured so the fouled binder can be safely removed. - (ii) Unloading equipment and facilities. - (A) Machines used for hoisting, unloading, or lowering logs shall be equipped with brakes capable of controlling or holding the maximum load in midair.
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