Ladder use for Ontario regulation

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## Fixed ladders - 16-8 (1) In this section, 'fixed ladder' means a ladder that is fixed to a structure in a vertical position or at an angle that is between vertical and 25 to the vertical, ° but does not include a ladder used in underground mining operations to which The Mines Regulations apply. - (2) A ladder that is fixed to a structure at an angle of more than 25 ° to the vertical, or more than 1 horizontal to 2 vertical, is deemed to be a stairway and is subject to the requirements of sections 9-10 and 16-4. - (3) An employer, contractor or owner shall ensure that: - (a) the rungs on a fixed ladder are uniformly spaced with centres that are not less than 250 and not more than 300 millimetres apart; - (b) a clearance of at least 150 millimetres is maintained between the rungs on a fixed ladder and the structure to which the ladder is affixed; - (c) a fixed ladder is securely held in place at the top and bottom and at any intermediate points that are necessary to prevent sway; - (d) the side rails of a fixed ladder extend not less than 1 metre above any platform, roof or other landing on the structure to which the ladder is fixed; - (e) a ladder opening in a platform, roof or other landing does not exceed 750 millimetres by 750 millimetres; - (f) a fixed ladder that is more than 6 metres high: - (i) is equipped with: - (A) platforms at intervals of not more than 6 metres or ladder cages, in the case of ladders installed on or before March 11, 1986; or - (B) platforms at intervals of not more than 6 metres and ladder cages, in the case of ladders installed on or after March 12, 1986; or - (ii) is equipped with a personal fall arrest system that meets the requirements of Part 7; and - (g) a fixed ladder in an excavated shaft is installed in a compartment that is separated from the hoist compartment by a substantial partition. - (4) If a ladder cage is required by these regulations, an employer, contractor or owner…

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## S-15.1 REG 10 ## OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY, 2020 - (b) a portable ladder is secured against accidental movement during use; - (c) a metal or wire-bound portable ladder is not used where the ladder or a worker handling or using the ladder may come into contact with an exposed energized electrical conductor; and - (d) a portable ladder extends at least 1 metre above any platform, roof or other landing to which the ladder is used as a means of access. - (3) An employer or contractor shall ensure that each worker who handles or uses a portable ladder is instructed in the requirements of this section. - (4) An employer or contractor shall ensure that a stepladder: - (a) is not more than 6 metres high when set for use; - (b) has legs that are securely held in position by means of metal braces or an equivalent rigid support; and - (c) when in use, has a front section slope at an angle of 1 horizontal to 6 vertical. - (5) An employer or contractor shall ensure that: - (a) an extension ladder is equipped with locks that securely hold the sections of the ladder in the extended position; - (b) if a section of an extension ladder is extended, the section that is extended overlaps another section for at least 1 metre; - (c) an extension ladder consisting of 2 sections does not exceed 14.6 metres in length; and - (d) an extension ladder consisting of more than 2 sections does not exceed 20 metres in length. - (6) An employer or contractor shall ensure that no single portable ladder and no section of an extension ladder exceeds 9 metres in length. 31 Dec 2020 c S-15.1 Reg 10 s16-6. ## Use of portable ladders - 16-7 (1) If a worker uses a portable ladder other than a stepladder, an employer or contractor shall ensure that: - (a) the ladder is placed against the structure so that the slope of the ladder is 1 horizontal to 4 vertical; - (b) the worker does not extend any part of the worker's body except for the worker's arms beyond the side rails of the ladder;…

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## OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY, 2020 ## Travelways - 16-3 (1) An employer, contractor or owner shall ensure that every travelway: - (a) is strong enough to withstand any traffic to which the travelway may be subjected; - (b) has secure footing for workers and adequate traction for vehicles or equipment; and - (c) is at least: - (i) 600 millimetres wide, in the case of travelways installed before July 1, 1997; and - (ii) 900 millimetres wide, in the case of travelways installed on and after July 1, 1997. - (2) An employer, contractor or owner shall ensure that every travelway that may give rise to a hazard described in subsection 9-2(2) is provided with a guardrail. 31 Dec 2020 c S-15.1 Reg 10 s16-3. ## Stairs - 16-4 An employer, contractor or owner shall ensure that: - (a) the widths of treads, the depths of treads and the vertical distances between treads are uniform throughout the length of any stairway and that each tread is level; and - (b) any stairs installed on or after the day on which this section comes into force, including temporary stairs, are at least 600 millimetres wide. 31 Dec 2020 c S-15.1 Reg 10 s16-4. ## Ladders - 16-5 (1) An employer, contractor or supplier shall ensure that every ladder is designed, constructed, used and maintained to perform its function safely. - (2) An employer, contractor or supplier shall ensure that: - (a) no wooden ladder or stepladder is painted with any substance other than a transparent coating; and - (b) no ladder is made by fastening cleats across a single rail or post. 31 Dec 2020 c S-15.1 Reg 10 s16-5. ## Portable ladders - 16-6 (1) In this section and section 16-7, 'portable ladder' means any ladder that is not fixed in place, and includes a stepladder. - (2) An employer or contractor shall ensure that: - (a) a portable ladder is equipped with non-slip feet;

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## better strength, and ## Subclause 149(1)(d)(iv) amended: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000. - (v) subject to subsection (3), cleated to the side rails; and - (e) has side rails that - (i) are dressed on all sides and without sharp edges, - (ii) subject to subsection (3), have a uniform clear width between them of not less than 300 mm for ladders 3 m in length or less, and increasing 1 mm in width for each 100 mm in excess of 3 m, - (iii) where the ladder is less than 5.7 m in length, have dimensions of at least 50 mm thick by at least 100 mm wide, and - (iv) subject to subsection (3), where the ladder is 5.7 m or greater in length, have dimensions of at least 50 mm thick by at least 150 mm wide. - (2) An employer shall ensure that a ladder does not sway or sag in an unsafe manner. - (3) An employer shall ensure that a portable ladder that is designed specifically for the purpose of harvesting fruit from trees and is used only for that purpose, is erected, constructed, maintained and used so as to be adequate for that purpose. - (4) Subclause (1)(d)(v) and subclauses (1)(e)(ii) and (iv) do not apply to a ladder that conforms to the requirements of subsection (3). - 150 (1) An employer shall ensure that a portable ladder that is commercially manufactured is designed, manufactured and maintained in accordance with the latest version of CSA standard Z11, 'Portable Ladders'. Subsection 150(1) amended: O.I.C. 2013-65, N.S. Reg. 53/2013. - (2) Despite subsection (1), an employer shall ensure that Grade 3 portable ladders, as described in any edition of CSA standard CSA Z11, 'Portable Ladders', are not used at a workplace. Subsection 150(2) amended: O.I.C. 2013-65, N.S. Reg. 53/2013. - (3) An employer shall ensure that a commercially manufactured portable ladder - (a) where it is an extension ladder, maintains an adequate overlap between the sections of the ladder; \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\…

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## ladder, such as 3-point contact; Clause 148(2)(b) replaced: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000. - (c) where the person is standing on a ladder, stand in the centre between the side rails; - (d) where the ladder is a step ladder, not stand on the material shelf, the top or the top step of the ladder; and - (e) where the ladder is not a step ladder, not work from the top three rungs of the ladder. - (3) Clauses (2)(b), (c), (d) and (e) do not apply to a firefighter engaged in structural firefighting or rescue. - (4) An employer shall remove a ladder from service when it has loose, broken or missing rungs, split side rails or other defects that may be hazardous to the safety of a person at the workplace. - 149 (1) An employer shall ensure that a wooden portable ladder that is not commercially manufactured - (a) is made of No. 1 or No. 2 spruce, pine, or fir as graded according to the latest version of CSA standard CSA 0141, 'Softwood Lumber', or other lumber that provides an equivalent level of safety; Subsection 148(2) amended: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000. Clause 149(1)(a) replaced: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000; amended: O.I.C. 2013-65, N.S. Reg. 53/2013. - (b) is not painted other than by being preserved with a transparent protective coating; - (c) if a single ladder, does not exceed 9 m in length; - (d) has rungs that are - (i) free of knots, - (ii) designed to carry a load of 200 kg placed at the centre, - (iii) uniformly spaced with a maximum rise of 300 mm, - (iv) secured to each side of the side rail of the ladder by at least 3 screws or spiral nails of adequate length or by attachments giving equivalent or \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

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- (b) has locks engaged before the extension ladder is climbed; and - (c) where there is a risk of contact with live electrical conductors, is nonconductive. Clause 150(3)(c) added: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000. - 151 (1 ) An employer shall ensure that when a portable ladder is used - (a) it is placed on a firm footing; - (b) it is secured in an adequate manner against movement as soon as reasonably practicable; Clause 151(1)(b) replaced: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000. - (c) as a means of access or exit, it - (i) has side rails that extend at least 1 m above any platform or landing, and - (ii) has a clearance of at least 150 mm between it and the supporting structure, except in the area where the ladder is supported against the structure; and - (d) as a step ladder, it has legs securely held in position by means of metal braces or an equivalent rigid support. - (2) An employer shall ensure that, when a portable ladder is used, it is not - (a) spliced together with another ladder unless the spliced section is braced so that the spliced side rails are as strong as the original side rails; - (b) placed in front of or against a door that can be opened towards the ladder unless the door is blocked in the open position, locked or guarded; - (c) used as a scaffold, ramp, or as a support for such flooring; - (d) placed on a box, barrel, scaffold, or other unstable base; - (e) lashed to another ladder to increase its length; or - (f) located in an elevator shaft or hoistway when such space is being used for hoisting. - 152 Where a portable ladder is used as a means of access or exit for a height greater than 6 m \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

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## Use near energized electrical equipment 127 An employer must ensure that a ladder used during the servicing of energized or potentially energized electrical equipment is made of non-conductive material. ## Ladders on extending booms 128 (1) An employer must ensure that - (a) if a ladder is a permanent part of an extending boom on powered mobile equipment, no worker is on the ladder during the articulation, extension or retraction of the boom, and - (b) if outriggers are incorporated in the equipment to provide stability, no worker climbs the ladder until the outriggers are deployed. 128 (2) Subsection (1)(a) does not apply to professional firefighters working on fire-fighting equipment. ## Crawl Board or Roof Ladder ## Safe use 129 An employer must ensure that a crawl board or roof ladder used for roof work - (a) is securely fastened by hooking the board or ladder over the ridge of the roof or by another equally effective means, and - (b) is not supported by an eavestrough. ## Fixed Ladders ## Design criteria 130 (1) An employer must ensure that a fixed ladder installed on or after April 30, 2004 meets the requirements of PIP Standard STF05501 (February 2002), Fixed Ladders and Cages , published by the Construction Industry Institute. 130 (2) Despite the standards referenced in PIP Standard STF05501, an employer may - (a) use applicable Canadian material and process standards if the employer ensures that the fixed ladder is designed and installed in accordance with established engineering principles, and - (b) allow the inside diameter of a cage hoop to be as great as 760 millimetres. 130 (3) If a fixed ladder is made of a material other than steel, the employer must ensure that the design is certified by a professional engineer as being as strong as or stronger than that required by PIP Standard STF05501. 130 (4) The employer must ensure that a self-closing double bar safety gate, or equally effective barrier, is provided at ladderway floor openi…

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<!-- image --> - (ii) Fixed ladder rungs and steps on telecommunication towers must be spaced not more than 18 inches (46 cm) apart, measured between the centerlines of the rungs or steps; - (3) Steps on stepstools are spaced not less than 8 inches (20 cm) apart and not more than 12 inches (30 cm) apart, as measured between the centerlines of the steps; - (4) Ladder rungs, steps, and cleats have a minimum clear width of 11.5 inches (29 cm) on portable ladders and 16 inches (41 cm) (measured before installation of ladder safety systems) for fixed ladders, except that: - (i) The minimum clear width does not apply to ladders with narrow rungs that are not designed to be stepped on, such as those located on the tapered end of orchard ladders and similar ladders; - (ii) Rungs and steps of manhole entry ladders that are supported by the manhole opening must have a minimum clear width of 9 inches (23 cm); - (iii) Rungs and steps on rolling ladders used in telecommunication centers must have a minimum clear width of 8 inches (20 cm); and - (iv) Stepstools have a minimum clear width of 10.5 inches (26.7 cm); - (5) Wooden ladders are not coated with any material that may obscure structural defects; - (6) Metal ladders are made with corrosion-resistant material or protected against corrosion; - (7) Ladder surfaces are free of puncture and laceration hazards; - (8) Ladders are used only for the purposes for which they were designed; - (9) Ladders are inspected before initial use in each work shift, and more frequently as necessary, to identify any visible defects that could cause employee injury; - (10) Any ladder with structural or other defects is immediately tagged ''Dangerous: Do Not Use'' or with similar language in accordance with § 1910.145 and removed from service until repaired in accordance with § 1910.22(d), or replaced; - (11) Each employee faces the ladder when climbing up or down it;

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- (a) has a centre structural rail along the length of the ladder, - (b) is at least 1 metre wide, and - (c) is constructed of materials that are substantial enough in size to accommodate the maximum intended load. ## Manufactured portable ladder - 135 An employer must ensure that a portable ladder manufactured on or after July 1, 2009 meets the requirements of - (a) CSA Standard CAN3 Z11-M81 (R2005), Portable Ladders , - (b) ANSI Standard A14.1-2007, American National Standard for Ladders - Wood Safety Requirements , - (c) ANSI Standard A14.2-2007, American National Standard for Ladders - Portable Metal Safety Requirements , or - (d) ANSI Standard A14.5-2007, American National Standard for Ladders - Portable Reinforced Plastic - Safety Requirements . ## Securing and positioning - 136 A worker must ensure that - (a) a portable ladder is secured against movement and placed on a base that is stable, - (b) the base of an inclined portable ladder is no further from the base of the wall or structure than 1/4 of the distance between the base of the ladder and the place where the ladder contacts the wall, and - (c) the side rails of a portable ladder extend at least 1 metre above a platform, landing or parapet if the ladder is used as a means of access to the platform, landing or parapet. ## Fall protection 137 (1) An employer must ensure that a worker working from a portable ladder from which the worker may fall 3 metres or more uses a personal fall arrest system. - 137 (2) Subsection (1) does not apply while the worker is moving up or down the portable ladder. - 137 (3) Despite subsection (1), if it is not reasonably practical to use a personal fall arrest system, a worker may work from a portable ladder without fall protection if - (a) the work is a light duty task of short duration at each location, - (b) the worker's centre of balance is at the centre of the ladder at all times even with an arm extended beyond the side rails of the ladder, and - (c) the worker …

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constructed in accordance with the certified design of an engineer. - (4) An employer shall ensure that a temporary catwalk - (a) has a minimum clear width of 450 mm; - (b) is equipped with a guardrail in accordance with the requirements for a guardrail in subsection 142(4); and Clause 146(4)(b) amended: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000. - (c) is able to withstand 4 times the maximum load likely to be imposed on it. Subsection 146(5) repealed: O.I.C. 2000-130, N.S. Reg. 52/2000. ## Ladders - 147 An employer shall ensure that a fixed ladder is designed, constructed, installed and maintained in accordance with the latest version of ANSI standard ANSI A14.3 'American National Standard for Ladders - Fixed - Safety Requirements'. Subsection 147 amended: O.I.C. 2013-65, N.S. Reg. 53/2013. - 148 (1 ) An employer shall ensure that a portable ladder used at a workplace is - (a) able to withstand 4 times the maximum load likely to be imposed; - (b) clean and free of grease, oil or other substances that may cause slipping; - (c) maintained in a safe condition; - (d) inspected at all of the following times by a competent person to ensure all components are in an adequate condition and the ladder is safe to use - (i) before each use, - (ii) annually; Clause 148(1)(d) replaced: O.I.C. 2013-65, N.S. Reg. 53/2013. - (e) not used, where the inspection required in clause (d) identifies an inadequate condition with the ladder. - (2 ) An employer shall ensure that a person using a fixed or portable ladder shall - (a) face the ladder when climbing or descending; - (b) when more than 1 m above a safe surface, maintain adequate contact with the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_