Write a safety policy for named "Hazard Identification" with detailed information based on the following "Contractors must define how they identify hazards in the workplace. This could be through risk assessments, inspections, and accident or incident investigations. Also include, how corrective actions will be addressed and followed through to completion."

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# INCIDENT INVESTIGATION (cont.) ## INCIDENT INVESTIGATION STEPS (cont.) Determine Corrective Action(s): Once it is understood what happened and why, you are ready to determine how to fix the problem to avoid repeat incidents. Think about not only what is the most expedient action but also about which actions will permanently solve the issues that led to the incident. A quick, cheap fix might not be the best answer in the long run. Implement Corrective Action(s): As soon as possible after the incident, take corrective action. Review the incident's root causes and corrective actions with employees to ensure they understand what happened and how to avoid a repeat incident. Monitor your corrective action to ensure that it effectively prevents the recurrence of incidents and does not inadvertently create other hazards in the process. ## DON'T FORGET TO REVIEW HAZARD CONTROL MEASURES! Review your control measures to ensure they are relevant and keep workers safe. When reviewing hazard control measures, consider the following: • Are the control measures working effectively in both their design and operation? • Are the control measures creating new problems or hazards? - Did the investigation process miss identifying any new hazards? • Are the new work methods, equipment, or chemicals making the job safer? • Are all employees following the safety procedures? • Is any additional training required? ## RESOURCES The Importance of Root Cause Analysis During Incident Investigation (osha.gov) Incident Investigations - A Guide for Employers (osha.gov) National Safety Council how-to-conduct-an-incident-investigation.pdf

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# Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification (cont.) ## How are hazards identified? (cont.) - Job descriptions and demands analysis - Job safety analysis - Incident investigations - Documents and records - Hazard reporting by employees - Hazard mapping To be sure that all hazards are found: - Look at all aspects of the work and include non-routine activities such as maintenance, repair, or cleaning. - Look at the physical work environment, equipment, materials, products, etc. that are used. - Include the various steps that make up a task or activity. - Look at injury and incident records. - Talk to the workers: they know their job and its hazards best. - Include all shifts and people who work off-site, either at home, on other job sites, drivers, teleworkers, or with clients. - Look at the way the work is organized or done by different individuals (including the experience of people doing the work, systems being used, if alternate methods are being used, etc.). - Look at foreseeable unusual conditions (for example, possible impact on hazard control procedures that may be unavailable in an emergency situation, power outage, etc.). - Determine whether a product, machine, or equipment can be intentionally or unintentionally changed (such as a safety guard that could be removed). - Review all of the phases of the lifecycle of processes, products, and services (such as design, transportation, construction, dismantling, and disposal). - Examine risks to visitors or the public. - Consider the groups of people that may have a different level of risk, such as young or inexperienced workers, persons with disabilities, or new or expectant mothers. - Consider the psychosocial aspects of the job and the hazards that could be created. ## What types of hazards are there? A common way to classify hazards is by category: Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification CCOHS

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# INCIDENT INVESTIGATION INCIDENT INVESTIGATION Summary Report Address: me: Phone: ## Date Posted: 05/29/2024 Incident investigation is determining the root causes of incidents, on-the-job injuries, property damage, and close calls to prevent them from occurring again. An incident investigation should lead you to the real cause of why something happened, and armed with that knowledge, you can take affirmative steps to prevent future incidents from occurring. In addition to the root cause, several causal factors may contribute to the incident. These will be evidenced in the answers to the "why" questions. Several factors may have contributed to the root cause, and correctly identifying them will help you develop a plan to mitigate the hazard in the future. ## WHAT IS AN INCIDENT? An event resulting in personal injury, property damage, equipment damage, impact to environmental resources, loss of production or product, or an event that has the potential to cause significant injury, damage, loss, or effect to environmental resources. ## WHY SHOULD INCIDENTS BE INVESTIGATED? Prevention is the purpose of an investigation. An incident investigation should: • Determine what happened. - Determine the cause or causes of the incident. . Identify any unsafe conditions, acts, or procedures. • Help management to identify practical corrective actions. - Determines whether due diligence was observed. • - Show the commitment of management that an adequate investigation system is in place. An incident investigation should not strive to determine fault or blame but to identify the primary causes of incidents so that controls can be implemented to prevent further occurrences. ## INCIDENT INVESTIGATION STEPS Preserve and Document the Incident Scene: Before anything occurs, one must ensure that the incident scene secure and does not present further potential for environmental damage or harm to those around. Gather Information: As little time as possible should be lost…

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# Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification (cont.) ## What types of hazards are there? (cont.) - Biological - bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, plants, and animals. - Chemical - depends on the physical, chemical, and toxic properties of the product - Ergonomic - repetitive movements, improper setup of workstations, etc. - Physical - radiation, magnetic fields, temperature extremes, pressure extremes (high pressure or vacuum), noise, vibration, etc. - Psychosocial - stress, violence, harassment, etc. - Safety. - slipping or tripping hazards, inappropriate machine guarding, equipment malfunctions or breakdowns. ## How do I know what is a hazard? Another way to look at health and safety in your workplace is to ask yourself the following questions. These are examples only. You may find other items or situations that can be a hazard. List any item that should be examined. During the risk assessment process, the level of harm will be assessed. What materials or situations do I come into contact with? Possibilities could include: - Electricity. - Chemicals (liquids, gases, solids, mists, vapours, etc.). - Temperature extremes of heat or cold (such as working outdoors, bakeries, foundries, or meat processing). - lonizing and non-ionizing radiation (such as x-rays, ultraviolet (sun) rays). - Asphyxiants (oxygen deficiency) - Working on or near water or ice-covered water. What materials or equipment could I be struck by? - Moving objects (such as forklifts, overhead cranes, vehicles). - Flying objects (such as sparks or shards from grinding). - Falling material (such as tools and equipment from above). What objects or equipment could strike or hit my body, or that part of my body might be caught in, on, or between? - Stationary or moving objects. - Protruding objects. - Sharp or jagged edges. Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification CCOHS

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# Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification (cont.) ## What is hazard identification? (cont.) - Identify hazards and risk factors that have the potential to cause harm (hazard identification). - Analyze and evaluate the risk associated with that hazard (risk analysis, and risk evaluation). - Determine appropriate ways to eliminate the hazard or control the risk when the hazard cannot be eliminated (risk control). Overall, the goal of hazard identification is to find and record possible hazards that may be present in your workplace. It may help to work as a team and include people familiar with the work area, as well as people who are not -this way, you have both experienced and fresh eyes to conduct the inspection. ## When should hazard identification be done? Hazard identification can be done: - During design and implementation - Designing a new process or procedure - Purchasing and installing new machinery - Before tasks are done - Checking equipment or following processes - Reviewing surroundings before each shift - While tasks are being done - Be aware of changes, abnormal conditions, or sudden emissions - During inspections - Formal, informal, supervisor, health and safety committee - After incidents - Near misses or minor events - Injuries ## How are hazards identified? There are many ways a workplace can identify hazards, including: Workplace inspections Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification CCOHS