Create a pre-task plan for scaffold assembly

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## TRAINING REQUIREMENTS ## §1926.454 Training Requirements. This section supplements and clarifies the requirements of §1926.21(b)(2) as these relate to the hazards of work on scaffolds. - (a) The employer shall have each employee who performs work while on a scaffold trained by a person qualified in the subject matter to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and to understand the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. The training shall include the following areas, as applicable: - (1) The nature of any electrical hazards, fall hazards and falling object hazards in the work area; - (2) The correct procedures for dealing with electrical hazards and for erecting, maintaining, and disassembling the fall protection systems and falling object protection systems being used; - (3) The proper use of the scaffold, and the proper handling of materials on the scaffold; - (4) The maximum intended load and the load-carrying capacities of the scaffolds used; and - (5) Any other pertinent requirements of this subpart. - (b) The employer shall have each employee who is involved in erecting, disassembling, moving, operating, repairing, maintaining, or inspecting a scaffold trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with the work in question. The training shall include the following topics, as applicable: - (1) The nature of scaffold hazards; - (2) The correct procedures for erecting, disassembling, moving, operating, repairing, inspecting, and maintaining the type of scaffold in question; - (3) The design criteria, maximum intended load-carrying capacity and intended use of the scaffold; - (4) Any other pertinent requirements of this subpart. - (c) When the employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. Retra…

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## III. Wire rope and hardware guidelines - 1. Use only wire rope and attachments as specified by the hoisting machine manufacturer. Do not use wire rope that is kinked, birdcaged, corroded, undersized, or damaged in any way. - 2. Be sure that wire rope is long enough to reach the lowest possible landing. - 3. Clean, lubricate & handle wire rope in accordance with wire rope or hoist manufacturer's instructions. - 4. Coil and uncoil wire rope in accordance with the wire rope or hoist manufacturer's instruction in order to avoid kinks or damage. - 5. Use thimbles at all wire rope suspension terminations. - 6. Use J-type clamps or swaged fittings to fasten wire rope. DO NOT USE U-CLAMPS. - 7. Tighten wire rope clamps in accordance with the clamp manufacturer's instructions. - 8. Wire ropes used in traction hoists must have prepared ends in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation. - 9. INSPECT WIRE ROPE DURING EACH ASCENT AND DESCENT. Do not expose wire rope to fire, undue heat, corrosive atmosphere, chemicals, to passage of electrical currents, or to damage by tools or handling. ## IV. Power supply guidelines - 1. BE SURE YOUR POWER SUPPLY CONFORMS TO HOIST MANUFACTURER'S RECOMMENDATIONS. - 2. GROUND ALL ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCES and POWER CORD CONNECTIONS. Protect with circuit breakers. - 4. Power cord or air hose connections must be restrained to prevent their separation. - 3. Use power cords or air hoses of proper size that are long enough for the job. - 5. Tie off power cords or air hoses at the suspended scaffold to prevent them from falling. - 6. Protect power cords or air hoses at sharp edges. - 7. Remember, air hoist require clean, lubricated air. ## V. Fall-arrest equipment guidelines - 1. Each person on a suspended powered scaffold must be attached to a fall-arrest system at all times. - 2. Each lifeline must be fastened to a separate anchorage. - 3. When wrapping lifelines around structural members, the lines must be protected and a sui…

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## General operating instructions - 1. Assemble the scaffold and rigging equipment according to the instructions in this manual or those supplied with the equipment. (Refer to the precautions in the preceding sections.) - 2. All rigging devices and installations must be able to support the load. An engineer or someone who is trained and capable of determining whether the structure is large enough and strong enough to bear the load should examine structural members. The structure must be able to bear a wire rope load of 4 times the maximum rated load capacity of the hoist. The gross load of equipment, material, and the workers being lifted by each wire rope must not exceed the rated load capacity of the hoist. The structural members intended to support the load must not have cracked or weakened material. - 3. Examine the structure for other safety hazards. - · De-energize and lock out electrical lines in & near the path traveled by the equipment. No live power lines are allowed within 10 ft. of the scaffolding or scaffolding extension. - · Remove obstructions to vertical travel, or clearly identify them to equipment users. - · Locate cranes or other lifts. All equipment users should know the location of all other workers on the structure to avoid coming in contact with them. - 4. Assemble the rigging device to the structure so the suspension line hangs plumb and passes through the scaffold equipment wire rope guide. If the wire rope is pulled off at an angle from the guide, it could wear and become weak. - · Identify and remove other hazards, such as the danger of falling material. - 5. Provide separate rigging attachments for worker safety lines in case the suspension line rigging fails. - 6. With the scaffolding equipment resting upright on the ground directly under the rigging points, connect it to the proper power supply. Place the fairlead side (front) toward the face of the structure. This provides greater stability and minimizes the amount of thrust-o…

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## 29 CFR 1926 (OSHA) - (iii) Each hoist shall be covered with insulated protective covers; - (iv) In addition to a work lead attachment required by the welding process, a grounding conductor shall be connected from the scaffold to the structure. The size of this conductor shall be at least the size of the welding process work lead, and this conductor shall not be in series with the welding process or the work piece; - (v) If the scaffold grounding lead is disconnected at any time, the welding machine shall be shut off; and - (vi) An active welding rod or uninsulated welding lead shall not be allowed to contact the scaffold or its suspension system. - (g) Fall protection. (1) Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level shall be protected from falling to that lower level. Paragraphs (g)(1) (i) through (vii) of this section establish the types of fall protection to be provided to the employees on each type of scaffold. Paragraph (g)(2) of this section addresses fall protection for scaffold erectors and dismantlers. NOTE TO PARAGRAPH (G)(1): The fall protection requirements for employees installing suspension scaffold support systems on floors, roofs, and other elevated surfaces are set forth in subpart M of this part. - (i) Each employee on a boatswains' chair, catenary scaffold, float scaffold, needle beam scaffold, or ladder jack scaffold shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system; - (ii) Each employee on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold shall be protected by both a personal fall arrest system and guardrail system; - (iii) Each employee on a crawling board (chicken ladder) shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system, a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity), or by a three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board; - (iv) Each employee on a self-contained adjustable scaffold shall be protected by a guardrail …

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## 29 CFR 1926 (OSHA) - (7) On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap shall occur only over supports, and shall not be less than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platforms are nailed together or otherwise restrained to prevent movement. - (8) At all points of a scaffold where the platform changes direction, such as turning a corner, any platform that rests on a bearer at an angle other than a right angle shall be laid first, and platforms which rest at right angles over the same bearer shall be laid second, on top of the first platform. - (9) Wood platforms shall not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification. Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fireretardant finishes, and slip-resistant finishes; however, the coating may not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. - (10) Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be intermixed unless the components fit together without force and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained by the user. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be modified in order to intermix them unless a competent person determines the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. - (11) Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals shall not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component to a level below that required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. - (c) Criteria for supported scaffolds. (1) Supported scaffolds with a height to base width (including outrigger supports, if used) ratio of more than four to one (4:1) shall be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing, or equivalent means, as follows: - (i) Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed at locations where horizontal members support both inner and outer legs. - (ii) Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed according to…

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## 29 CFR 1926 (OSHA) - (8) Employees shall be prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery material except as necessary for removal of such materials. - (9) Where swinging loads are being hoisted onto or near scaffolds such that the loads might contact the scaffold, tag lines or equivalent measures to control the loads shall be used. - (10) Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be of a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. - (11) Suspension ropes shall be shielded from heat-producing processes. When acids or other corrosive substances are used on a scaffold, the ropes shall be shielded, treated to protect against the corrosive substances, or shall be of a material that will not be damaged by the substance being used. - (12) Work on or from scaffolds is prohibited during storms or high winds unless a competent person has determined that it is safe for employees to be on the scaffold and those employees are protected by a personal fall arrest system or wind screens. Wind screens shall not be used unless the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed. - (13) Debris shall not be allowed to accumulate on platforms. - (14) Makeshift devices, such as but not limited to boxes and barrels, shall not be used on top of scaffold platforms to increase the working level height of employees. - (15) Ladders shall not be used on scaffolds to increase the working level height of employees, except on large area scaffolds where employers have satisfied the following criteria: - (i) When the ladder is placed against a structure which is not a part of the scaffold, the scaffold shall be secured against the sideways thrust exerted by the ladder; - (ii) The platform units shall be secured to the scaffold to prevent their movement; - (iii) The ladder legs shall be on the same platform or other means shall be provided to stabilize the ladd…