Ladders

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<!-- image --> - (ii) Fixed ladder rungs and steps on telecommunication towers must be spaced not more than 18 inches (46 cm) apart, measured between the centerlines of the rungs or steps; - (3) Steps on stepstools are spaced not less than 8 inches (20 cm) apart and not more than 12 inches (30 cm) apart, as measured between the centerlines of the steps; - (4) Ladder rungs, steps, and cleats have a minimum clear width of 11.5 inches (29 cm) on portable ladders and 16 inches (41 cm) (measured before installation of ladder safety systems) for fixed ladders, except that: - (i) The minimum clear width does not apply to ladders with narrow rungs that are not designed to be stepped on, such as those located on the tapered end of orchard ladders and similar ladders; - (ii) Rungs and steps of manhole entry ladders that are supported by the manhole opening must have a minimum clear width of 9 inches (23 cm); - (iii) Rungs and steps on rolling ladders used in telecommunication centers must have a minimum clear width of 8 inches (20 cm); and - (iv) Stepstools have a minimum clear width of 10.5 inches (26.7 cm); - (5) Wooden ladders are not coated with any material that may obscure structural defects; - (6) Metal ladders are made with corrosion-resistant material or protected against corrosion; - (7) Ladder surfaces are free of puncture and laceration hazards; - (8) Ladders are used only for the purposes for which they were designed; - (9) Ladders are inspected before initial use in each work shift, and more frequently as necessary, to identify any visible defects that could cause employee injury; - (10) Any ladder with structural or other defects is immediately tagged ''Dangerous: Do Not Use'' or with similar language in accordance with § 1910.145 and removed from service until repaired in accordance with § 1910.22(d), or replaced; - (11) Each employee faces the ladder when climbing up or down it;

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- (a) has a centre structural rail along the length of the ladder, - (b) is at least 1 metre wide, and - (c) is constructed of materials that are substantial enough in size to accommodate the maximum intended load. ## Manufactured portable ladder - 135 An employer must ensure that a portable ladder manufactured on or after July 1, 2009 meets the requirements of - (a) CSA Standard CAN3 Z11-M81 (R2005), Portable Ladders , - (b) ANSI Standard A14.1-2007, American National Standard for Ladders - Wood Safety Requirements , - (c) ANSI Standard A14.2-2007, American National Standard for Ladders - Portable Metal Safety Requirements , or - (d) ANSI Standard A14.5-2007, American National Standard for Ladders - Portable Reinforced Plastic - Safety Requirements . ## Securing and positioning - 136 A worker must ensure that - (a) a portable ladder is secured against movement and placed on a base that is stable, - (b) the base of an inclined portable ladder is no further from the base of the wall or structure than 1/4 of the distance between the base of the ladder and the place where the ladder contacts the wall, and - (c) the side rails of a portable ladder extend at least 1 metre above a platform, landing or parapet if the ladder is used as a means of access to the platform, landing or parapet. ## Fall protection 137 (1) An employer must ensure that a worker working from a portable ladder from which the worker may fall 3 metres or more uses a personal fall arrest system. - 137 (2) Subsection (1) does not apply while the worker is moving up or down the portable ladder. - 137 (3) Despite subsection (1), if it is not reasonably practical to use a personal fall arrest system, a worker may work from a portable ladder without fall protection if - (a) the work is a light duty task of short duration at each location, - (b) the worker's centre of balance is at the centre of the ladder at all times even with an arm extended beyond the side rails of the ladder, and - (c) the worker …

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## Use near energized electrical equipment 127 An employer must ensure that a ladder used during the servicing of energized or potentially energized electrical equipment is made of non-conductive material. ## Ladders on extending booms 128 (1) An employer must ensure that - (a) if a ladder is a permanent part of an extending boom on powered mobile equipment, no worker is on the ladder during the articulation, extension or retraction of the boom, and - (b) if outriggers are incorporated in the equipment to provide stability, no worker climbs the ladder until the outriggers are deployed. 128 (2) Subsection (1)(a) does not apply to professional firefighters working on fire-fighting equipment. ## Crawl Board or Roof Ladder ## Safe use 129 An employer must ensure that a crawl board or roof ladder used for roof work - (a) is securely fastened by hooking the board or ladder over the ridge of the roof or by another equally effective means, and - (b) is not supported by an eavestrough. ## Fixed Ladders ## Design criteria 130 (1) An employer must ensure that a fixed ladder installed on or after April 30, 2004 meets the requirements of PIP Standard STF05501 (February 2002), Fixed Ladders and Cages , published by the Construction Industry Institute. 130 (2) Despite the standards referenced in PIP Standard STF05501, an employer may - (a) use applicable Canadian material and process standards if the employer ensures that the fixed ladder is designed and installed in accordance with established engineering principles, and - (b) allow the inside diameter of a cage hoop to be as great as 760 millimetres. 130 (3) If a fixed ladder is made of a material other than steel, the employer must ensure that the design is certified by a professional engineer as being as strong as or stronger than that required by PIP Standard STF05501. 130 (4) The employer must ensure that a self-closing double bar safety gate, or equally effective barrier, is provided at ladderway floor openi…

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## S-15.1 REG 10 ## OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY, 2020 - (b) a portable ladder is secured against accidental movement during use; - (c) a metal or wire-bound portable ladder is not used where the ladder or a worker handling or using the ladder may come into contact with an exposed energized electrical conductor; and - (d) a portable ladder extends at least 1 metre above any platform, roof or other landing to which the ladder is used as a means of access. - (3) An employer or contractor shall ensure that each worker who handles or uses a portable ladder is instructed in the requirements of this section. - (4) An employer or contractor shall ensure that a stepladder: - (a) is not more than 6 metres high when set for use; - (b) has legs that are securely held in position by means of metal braces or an equivalent rigid support; and - (c) when in use, has a front section slope at an angle of 1 horizontal to 6 vertical. - (5) An employer or contractor shall ensure that: - (a) an extension ladder is equipped with locks that securely hold the sections of the ladder in the extended position; - (b) if a section of an extension ladder is extended, the section that is extended overlaps another section for at least 1 metre; - (c) an extension ladder consisting of 2 sections does not exceed 14.6 metres in length; and - (d) an extension ladder consisting of more than 2 sections does not exceed 20 metres in length. - (6) An employer or contractor shall ensure that no single portable ladder and no section of an extension ladder exceeds 9 metres in length. 31 Dec 2020 c S-15.1 Reg 10 s16-6. ## Use of portable ladders - 16-7 (1) If a worker uses a portable ladder other than a stepladder, an employer or contractor shall ensure that: - (a) the ladder is placed against the structure so that the slope of the ladder is 1 horizontal to 4 vertical; - (b) the worker does not extend any part of the worker's body except for the worker's arms beyond the side rails of the ladder;…

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Division 2 - (12) Each employee uses at least one hand to grasp the ladder when climbing up and down it; and - (13) No employee carries any object or load that could cause the employee to lose balance and fall while climbing up or down the ladder. - (c) Portable ladders. The employer must ensure: - (1) Rungs and steps of portable metal ladders are corrugated, knurled, dimpled, coated with skid-resistant material, or otherwise treated to minimize the possibility of slipping; Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 1910.23(c)(2). Instead, see OAR [redacted phone](4)(a). - (3) Ladders are not loaded beyond the maximum intended load; - Note to paragraph (c)(3): The maximum intended load, as defined in § 1910.21(b), includes the total load (weight and force) of the employee and all tools, equipment, and materials being carried. - (4) Ladders are used only on stable and level surfaces unless they are secured or stabilized to prevent accidental displacement; - (5) No portable single rail ladders are used; - (6) No ladder is moved, shifted, or extended while an employee is on it; - (7) Ladders placed in locations such as passageways, doorways, or driveways where they can be displaced by other activities or traffic: - (i) Are secured to prevent accidental displacement; or - (ii) Are guarded by a temporary barricade, such as a row of traffic cones or caution tape, to keep the activities or traffic away from the ladder; - (8) The cap (if equipped) and top step of a stepladder are not used as steps; - (9) Portable ladders used on slippery surfaces are secured and stabilized; - (10) The top of a non-self-supporting ladder is placed so that both side rails are supported, unless the ladder is equipped with a single support attachment; - (11) Portable ladders used to gain access to an upper landing surface have side rails that extend at least 3 feet (0.9 m) above the upper landing surface (see Figure D-1 of this section);