why is public safety important at parks?

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# § 3342. Violence Prevention in Health Care. (cont.) to (e) Review of the Workplace Violence Prevention Plan. The employer shall establish and implement a system review the effectiveness of the Plan for the overall facility or operation at least annually, in conjunction with employees and their representatives regarding the employees' respective work areas, services, and operations. Problems found during the review shall be corrected in accordance with subsection (c)(11). The review shall include evaluation of the following: (1) Staffing, including staffing patterns and patient classification systems that contribute to, or are insufficient to address, the risk of violence; (2) Sufficiency of security systems, including alarms, emergency response, and security personnel availability; (3) Job design, equipment, and facilities; (4) Security risks associated with specific units, areas of the facility with uncontrolled access, late-night or early morning shifts, and employee security in areas surrounding the facility such as employee parking areas and other outdoor areas. (5) The Plan, in accordance with Section 3203(a)(4)(B) and (C), as it applies to units within a facility, the facility as a whole, or the particular operation, shall also be reviewed for the unit, facility or operation, and updated whenever necessary as follows: (A) To reflect new or modified tasks and procedures which may affect how the Plan is implemented, such as changes in staffing, engineering controls, construction or modification of the facilities, evacuation procedures, alarm systems and emergency response; (B) To include newly recognized workplace violence hazards; (C) To review and evaluate workplace violence incidents which result in a serious injury or fatality; or (D) To review and respond to information indicating that the Plan is deficient in any area. (E) When a revision to the Plan is needed for only part of the facility or operation, the review process may be limi…

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# First Aid - General (cont.) ## Do I need to do a hazard assessment for first aid? (cont.) Transportation to a medical facility (e.g., need for vehicle, boat or plane, need for a second person to accompany the injured person, etc.). ## What is a sample checklist for a first aid assessment? Below is a sample worksheet. Customize it for your workplace needs. Alternatively, the information collected in other job safety analyses or hazard identification and risk assessments may be used. First Aid - General CCOHS

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# PROGRAM DIRECTIVE (cont.) ## Significant Changes. (cont.) (a) Identification of facilities with reportable quantities, routes likely to be used for the transportation of extremely hazardous substances, and facilities contributing or subjected to additional risk due to their proximity. (b) Emergency response methods and procedures to be followed by facility owners, local emergency responders, and emergency medical personnel. (c) Designation of a community emergency coordinator and facility emergency coordinators, who must make determinations necessary to implement the plan. (d) Emergency notification procedures for the facility and community emergency coordinators. (e) Methods for determining the occurrence of a release, and the population likely to be affected. (f) A description and location of emergency equipment and facilities in the community, and identification of personnel responsible for equipment and facilities. (g) Evacuation plans. (h) Training programs and their schedules for emergency responders. (i) Methods and schedules for exercising the emergency plan. (Note: The provisions of the community ERP are significant because OAR [redacted phone].120(q) allows community responders to use the plan developed under SARA title III in complying with OSHA. HAZWOPER paragraph (q) states that “... emergency response organizations who have developed and implemented programs equivalent to this paragraph for handling releases of hazardous substances pursuant to Section 303 of the SARA ... shall be deemed to have met the requirements of this paragraph.") 3. Environmental Protection Agency, Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990. Section 112(r) of the amended CAA, signed into law on November 15, 1990 mandates a new Federal focus on the prevention of chemical accidents. The objective of section 112(r) is to prevent serious chemical accidents that have the potential to affect public health and the environment. The risk management planning requirement…

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# New technology programs. (cont.) ## 1910.120(p)(8)(i) (cont.) Elements of an emergency response plan. The employer shall develop an emergency response plan for emergencies which shall address, as a minimum, the following areas to the extent that they are not addressed in any specific program required in this paragraph: - 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(A) - Pre-emergency planning and coordination with outside parties. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(B) Personnel roles, lines of authority, and communication. - 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(C) - Emergency recognition and prevention. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(D) Safe distances and places of refuge. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(E) Site security and control. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(F) Evacuation routes and procedures. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(G) Decontamination procedures. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(H) Emergency medical treatment and first aid. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(i) Emergency alerting and response procedures. (r)(ii)(8)(d)ozt'0t61 Critique of response and follow-up. 1910.120(p)(8)(ii)(K) PPE and emergency equipment. - 1910.120(p)(8)(iii). Submit Feedback

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# § 3342. Violence Prevention in Health Care. (cont.) (E) Creating a security plan to prevent the transport of unauthorized firearms and other weapons into the facility in areas where visitors or arriving patients are reasonably anticipated to possess firearms or other weapons that could be used to commit Type 1 or Type 2 violence. This shall include monitoring and controlling designated public entrances by use of safeguards such as weapon detection devices, remote surveillance, alarm systems, or a registration process conducted by personnel who are in an appropriately protected work station. (F) Maintaining sufficient staffing, including security personnel, who can maintain order in the facility and respond to workplace violence incidents in a timely manner. (G) Installing, implementing, and maintaining the use of an alarm system or other effective means by which employees can summon security and other aid to defuse or respond to an actual or potential workplace violence emergency. (H) Creating an effective means by which employees can be alerted to the presence, location, and nature of a security threat. (I) Establishing an effective response plan for actual or potential workplace violence emergencies that includes obtaining help from facility security or law enforcement agencies as appropriate. Employees designated to respond to emergencies must not have other assignments that would prevent them from responding immediately to an alarm to assist other staff. The response plan shall also include procedures to respond to mass casualty threats, such as active shooters, by developing evacuation or sheltering plans that are appropriate and feasible for the facility, a procedure for warning employees of the situation, and a procedure for contacting the appropriate law enforcement agency. (J) Assigning or placing sufficient numbers of staff, to reduce patient-specific Type 2 workplace violence hazards. (12) Procedures for post-incident response and investig…

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# Field Information System Accident Prevention Signs and Tags 29 CFR 1910.97, 1910.145, 1910.261 29 CFR 1926.200-202 (cont.) ## II. Background (cont.) Federal Register/Vol. 78, No. 114/Thursday, June 13, 2013/Rules and Regulations [redacted postal code] employers to comply with the 1968 ANSI standard. version or the 2011 version of the cited Second, § 1910.6(e)(59) incorporates Z35.1-1968, "Specifications for Accident Prevention Signs," by reference in § 1910.261(a)(3)(xxiv). However, on June 18, 1998, as part of an OSHA rulemaking, the Agency removed subsection § 1910.261(a)(3)(xxiv) from the pulp, paper, and paper board mills standard, but did not remove the reference to § 1910.261(a)(3)(xxiv) in § 1910.6(e)(59). The direct final rule will correct this oversight. (4) OSHA's construction standard on accident prevention signs and tags, § 1926.200, refers to ANSI standards Z35.1-1968, "Specifications for Accident Prevention Signs"; Z35.2- 1968, "Specifications for Accident Prevention Tags"; or Z53.1-1967, "Safety Color Code for Marking Physical Hazards and the Identification of Certain Equipment," in five places discussed below. In addition, as discussed below, § 1926.200 is incorporating by reference Part VI of the MUTCD, 1988 Edition, Revision 3. The first reference to one of these old ANSI standards is in § 1926.200(b)(1), Danger signs, which refers to Figure G- 1, which is identical to Figure 1 in ANSI Z35.1-1968, "Specifications for Accident Prevention Signs." The second reference is in § 1926.200(c)(1), Caution signs, which refers to Figure G-2, which is identical to Figure 4 in the same ANSI standard. The direct final rule will remove Figures G-1 and G-2 from § 1926.200(b)(1) and (c)(1), and update these provisions by referencing the appropriate figures from ANSI Z35.1- 1968 and ANSI Z535.2-2011, "Environmental and Facility Safety Signs." These revisions, therefore, will give employers the option of using the figures from either ANSI standard. The thir…

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# TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) ## IX. Significant Changes. (cont.) (i) Methods and schedules for exercising the emergency plan. (Note: The provisions of the community ERP are significant because 29 CFR 1910.120(q) allows community responders to use the plan developed under SARA title III in complying with OSHA. HAZWOPER paragraph (q) states that “. ... emergency response organizations who have developed and implemented programs equivalent to this paragraph for handling releases of hazardous substances pursuant to Section 303 of the SARA ... shall be deemed to have met the requirements of this paragraph.") 3. Environmental Protection Agency, Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990. Section 112(r) of the amended CAA, signed into law on November 15, 1990 mandates a new Federal focus on the prevention of chemical accidents. The objective of section 112(r) is to prevent serious chemical accidents that have the potential to affect public health and the environment. The risk management planning requirements of CAA 112(r) complement and support EPCRA, also known as Title III of SARA. - EPA's risk management planning requirements build on OSHA's Process Safety Management standard, 29 CFR 1910.119. CAA 112(r) mandates that EPA publish rules and guidance for chemical accident prevention and that these rules include requirements for facilities to develop risk management programs. The risk management program must incorporate a hazard assessment, a prevention program, and an emergency response program, summarized in a risk management plan (RMP). The RMP must be made available to state and local government agencies and to the public. (1) On June 20, 1996, EPA published the Risk Management Plan final rule (40 CFR 68). The RMP rule applies to all stationary sources with more than a threshold quantity of regulated substances in process on August 19, 1996. The list of regulated substances, promulgated separately, was published on January 31, 1994, amended on April 16, 1996, and …

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# Contents - 1 Why Have a Workplace Injury and Illness Prevention Program? - Accidents Cost Money Controlling Losses Cal/OSHA Injury & Illness Prevention Program - 3 What is an Injury & Illness Prevention Program? - Management Commitment, Assignment of Responsibilities, and Ensuring Employee Compliance - Safety Communications - Hazard Assessment & Control - Accident Investigation - Safety Planning, Rules & Work Procedures - Safety & Health Training - Employee Access to the Injury and Illness Prevention Program - 13 Getting Started on Your Injury & Illness Prevention Program - Assign Responsibilities Look at What You Have Safety & Health Survey Workplace Assessment Review & Compare Develop an Action Plan Take Action Maintain Your Program and Ensure Employee Access to It - 17 Safety & Health Recordkeeping - Injury & Illness Records Exposure Records Documentation of Your Activities - 19 Model Programs - Other Hazard-Specific Programs, Plans, or Procedures - 21 Sources of Information & Help - Cal/OSHA Consultation Service Other Sources Index of Weblinks - 23 Appendix A: Model Policy Statements - 25 25 Appendix B: IIPP Checklist - 27 27 Appendix C: Code of Safe Practices 225

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# Developing Your Workplace Injury & Illness Prevention Program Assessment of your workplace must be conducted by the person designated with the responsibility, and/or a professional occupational safety and health consultant. It consists of the activities describe below. ## Safety & Health Survey The first step is a comprehensive safety and health survey of your facility to identify existing or potential safety and health hazards. This survey must be documented if made for the purpose of establishing an IIPP, and must evaluate workplace conditions with respect to issues such as: • Safety and health regulations. • Generally recognized safe work practices. • Physical hazards. • Use of any hazardous materials. • Employee work habits. • Discussion of safety and health problems with employees. Your safety and health survey includes: • Equipment Make a list of your equipment and tools, including the principal locations of their use. Special attention should be given to inspection schedules, maintenance activities and your facility's layout. • Chemicals Make a list of all chemicals used in your workplace, obtain safety data sheets on the materials used, and identify - where they are used. This will also be an initial component of your chemical Hazard Communication Program, as required by T8CCR section 5194. • Work practices-Detail specific work practices associated with equipment, tools and chemical use. Special attention must be given to PPE, guarding, ventilation, emergency procedures, and use of appropriate tools. • Cal/OSHA Standards-Review standards applicable to your type of operation, equipment, processes, materials, and the like. These standards are minimum requirements for workplace safety and health. Most workplaces come under title 8, California Code of Regulations, General Industry Safety Orders. If you are involved with construction, petroleum, mining or tunneling, you will need the specific standards applicable to that industry as well. …

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# PROGRAM DIRECTIVE (cont.) ## Significant Changes. (cont.) EPA's risk management planning requirements build on OSHA's Process Safety Management standard, OAR [redacted phone].119. CAA 112(r) mandates that EPA publish rules and guidance for chemical accident prevention and that these rules include requirements for facilities to develop risk management programs. The risk management program must incorporate a hazard assessment, a prevention program, and an emergency response program, summarized in a risk management plan (RMP). The RMP must be made available to state and local government agencies and to the public. (1) On June 20, 1996, EPA published the Risk Management Plan final rule (40 CFR 68). The RMP rule applies to all stationary sources with more than a threshold quantity of regulated substances in process on August 19, 1996. The list of regulated substances, promulgated separately, was published on January 31, 1994, amended on April 16, 1996, and is found in 40 CFR 68.130. - ล EPA attempted to minimize inconsistencies between its RMP requirements and the chemical risk management requirements published by OSHA and the DOT. The RMP's emergency response program requirements closely parallel the requirements of OSHA's PSM standard and contain many of the requirements of an ERP under OAR [redacted phone].120(q). Nevertheless, the focus of the RMP rule is primarily on the safety and health of the public and the surrounding environment, versus HAZWOPER's emphasis on employee health and safety. Because an RMP must be provided to EPA, state and local government agencies, and to the public, outside responders should be familiar with ERPs for facilities with an RMP. Facilities that must comply with both EPA's RMP rule and OSHA's emergency response requirements under HAZWOPER may prepare an Integrated Contingency Plan (ICP) according to guidance published by the National Response Team in order to comply with both regulations (see Section II.B.7. for more informatio…

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# What is an Injury & Illness Prevention Program? (cont.) Developing Your Workplace Injury & Illness Prevention Program # Hazard Assessment & Control RISK Periodic inspections and procedures for correction and control provide a method of identifying existing or potential hazards in the workplace and eliminating or controlling them. Hazard control is the heart of an effective IIPP. If hazards occur or recur, this reflects a breakdown in the hazard control system. The hazard control system is also the basis for developing safe work procedures and injury and illness prevention training. The required hazard assessment survey of your establishment, when first developing your IIPP, must be made by a qualified person. This survey can provide the basis and guide for establishing your hazard assessment and control system. The survey produces knowledge of hazards that exist in the workplace, and conditions, equipment and procedures that could be potentially hazardous. An effective hazard control system will identify: • Hazards that exist or develop in your workplace. • How to correct those hazards. • Steps you can take to prevent their recurrence. Most Effective Elimination Substitution Engineering Controls Administrative Controls Personal Protective Equipment Least Effective If you have an effective system for monitoring workplace conditions: - You will be able to prevent many hazards from occurring through scheduled and documented self-inspections. Make sure established safe work practices are being followed and those unsafe conditions or procedures are identified and corrected properly. Scheduled inspections are in addition to the everyday safety and health checks that are part of the routine duties of managers and supervisors. - The frequency of these inspections depends on several issues, such as: ○ The operations involved. - The magnitude of the hazards. ○ The proficiency of employees. 。 Changes in equipment or work processes. - The history o…

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# Field Information System Accident Prevention Signs and Tags 29 CFR 1910.97, 1910.145, 1910.261 29 CFR 1926.200-202 (cont.) ## II. Background (cont.) [redacted postal code] Federal Register/Vol. 78, No. 114/Thursday, June 13, 2013/Rules and of the ANSI standards, the Z535 series, provide an equal or greater level of protection than the currently required signs that comply with the old ANSI standards, Z35.1, Z35.2, and Z53.1, cited in OSHA's standards. Pitsor letter (Ex. OSHA-2013-0005-0003, p. 1); Peckham letter (Ex. OSHA-2013-0005- 0003, p. 3). In its letter, ANSI provides an exhibit demonstrating why it believes the new Z535.2-2007 signs are at least as protective as the old Z35.1 signs (Peckham letter, Ex. OSHA-2013- 0005-0003, p. 10 (Peckham's Ex. 6).3 The exhibit, which compares the information contained in the two sets of signs, shows that the new Z535.2 signs typically have at least as much information as the Z35.1 signs. Moreover, the new ANSI safety-color standard, ANSI Z535.1-2006(2011), includes two safety colors, brown and gray, that were not in Z53.1-1967. See ANSI Z535.1-2006(2011), pp. v-vi (ANSI also added safety blue in the 1979 revision after deleting this color in the 1971 revision). ANSI and NEMA also claim that the new signs provide additional information, including the specific identity of the hazard, a description of how serious the hazard is, how to avoid the hazard, and the probable consequences of not avoiding the hazard. Peckham letter (Exs. OSHA- 2013-0005-0003, pp. 7-9, and OSHA- 2013-0005-0006, pp. 9-11). ANSI further argues that, the old sign formats "lack the ability to contain [the] symbols, more extensive word messages, multiple messages, and additional languages" necessary to communicate critical safety information to an increasingly multicultural work force. Id., pp. 6 and 9-10. NEMA also submitted an ANSI timeline of the institute's standards, and the safety signs that complied with those standards, for the years 1914 to 2…

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## § 5192. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response. (cont.) 2. Personnel roles, lines of authority, and communication. 3. Emergency recognition and prevention. 4. Safe distances and places of refuge. 5. Site security and control. 6. Evacuation routes and procedures. 7. Decontamination procedures. 8. Emergency medical treatment and first aid. 9. Emergency alerting and response procedures. 10. Critique of response and follow-up. 11. Personal protective equipment (PPE) and emergency equipment. (C) Training. 1. Training for emergency response employees shall be completed before they are called upon to perform in real emergencies. Such training shall include the elements of the emergency response plan, standard operating procedures the employer has established for the job, the PPE to be worn and procedures for handling emergency incidents. - exception #1: An employer need not train all employees to the degree specified if the employer divides the work force in a manner such that a sufficient number of employees who have responsibility to control emergencies have the training specified, and all other employees, who may first respond to an emergency incident, have sufficient awareness training to recognize that an emergency response situation exists and that they are instructed in that case to summon the fully trained employees and not attempt control activities for which they are not trained. - exception #2: An employer need not train all employees to the degree specified if arrangements have been made in advance for an outside fully-trained emergency response team to respond in a reasonable period and all employees, who may come to the incident first, have sufficient awareness training to recognize that an emergency response situation exists and they have been instructed to call the designated outside fully-trained emergency response team for assistance. 2. Employee members of TSD facility emergency response …

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# Back Injury Prevention (cont.) ## Why is the pace of work important? (cont.) For example, the pace of work is related to the frequency of a lift. Lifting equations, such as the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation, use this factor as one of the ways to determine the impact of a lift. Assessments include not just how many lifts are preformed, but the amount of time there is to rest between lifts. It would be ideal if workers could work at their own pace and have some freedom to take a rest break when they start feeling the effects of fatigue. However, this option might be impractical. It seems reasonable to incorporate two additional 15-minute breaks, mid-morning and mid-afternoon, in addition to the 30-minute lunch break. If that schedule is still not feasible, shorter but more frequent breaks can do as well. It is also important that people new to a particular job or task be given time to adjust by allowing them more breaks. ## How can we improve the environment to reduce the risk for injury due to material handling? The design of the work environment is an important element for back injury prevention. - Illuminate the work area at a level of 200 lux. - Use task lights or other additional light sources to improve the ability to see clearly where the material handling requires fine visual discrimination. - Use angular lighting and colour contrast to improve depth perception. This lighting technique helps the worker where the material handling involves climbing stairs or moving in passageways. When the material handling tasks are done outdoors, the temperature conditions including the humidex (in hot weather) or wind-chill factor (in cold weather) have to be monitored very closely. - Reduce tasks by half when the temperature exceeds 28°C. - Stop when the temperature exceeds 40°C. - Restrict to the minimum possible when wind-chill drops below -25°C. - Stop when wind-chill drops to -35°C. - Wear properly designed clothing to decrease heat absorption by …