Scaffold requirements in chicago

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# 1926.454-TRAINING REQUIREMENTS Scope/Application: This section supplements and clarifies the requirements of Sec. 1926.21(b)(2) [Safety Training and Education] as these relate to the hazards of work on scaffolds. ## STANDARD HIGHLIGHTS - Programs, Plans and Procedures-procedures - Inspections and Tests-inspection - Training and Communications-initial and retraining, competent person - Competent Person-trained by - Qualified Person-trained by ## Programs, Plans and Procedures 1926.454(a)-The employer shall have each employee who performs work while on a scaffold trained by a person qualified in the subject matter to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and to understand the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. [Reference paragraph (a) for specific training requirements.] Inspections and Tests 1926.454(b)-The employer shall have each employee who is involved in erecting, disassembling, moving, operating, repairing, maintaining, or inspecting a scaffold trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with the work in question. [Reference paragraph (b) for specific training requirements.] Training and Communications 1926.454(a)-The employer shall have each employee who performs work while on a scaffold trained by a person qualified in the subject matter to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used and to understand the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. [Reference paragraph (a) for specific training requirements.] 1926.454(b)-The employer shall have each employee who is involved in erecting, disassembling, moving, operating, repairing, maintaining, or inspecting a scaffold trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with the work in question. [Reference paragraph (b) for specific training requirements.] 1926.454(c)-When the employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work invo…

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# 1926.451 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (cont.) ## 1926.451(f) "Use." (cont.) - 1926.451(f)(15) Ladders shall not be used on scaffolds to increase the working level height of employees, except on large area scaffolds where employers have satisfied the following criteria: - 1926.451(f)(15)(i) When the ladder is placed against a structure which is not a part of the scaffold, the scaffold shall be secured against the sideways thrust exerted by the ladder; - 1926.451(f)(15)( The platform units shall be secured to the scaffold to prevent their movement; - 926.451(f)(15)(iii) The ladder legs shall be on the same platform or other means shall be provided to stabilize the ladder against unequal platform deflection, and 1926.451(f)(15)(iv) The ladder legs shall be secured to prevent them from slipping or being pushed off the platform. 1926.451(f)(16) Platforms shall not deflect more than 1/60 of the span when loaded. 1926.451(f)(17) To reduce the possibility of welding current arcing through the suspension wire rope when performing welding from suspended scaffolds, the following precautions shall be taken, as applicable: 1926.451(f)(17)(i) An insulated thimble shall be used to attach each suspension wire rope to its hanging support (such as cornice hook or outrigger). Excess suspension wire rope and any additional independent lines from grounding shall be insulated; - 1926.451(f)(17)(ii) The suspension wire rope shall be covered with insulating material extending at least 4 feet (1.2 m) above the hoist. If there is a tail line below the hoist, it shall be insulated to prevent contact with the platform. The portion of the tail line that hangs free below the scaffold shall be guided or retained, or both, so that it does not become grounded; - 1926.451(f)(17)(iii) Each hoist shall be covered with insulated protective covers; - 1926.451(f)(17)(iv) In addition to a work lead attachment required by the welding process, a grounding conductor shall be connected from the scaffo…

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# §1637. General Requirements. (cont.) (n) Access. (1) A safe and unobstructed means of access, such as a walkway, stair, or ladder shall be provided to all scaffold platforms. (2) Climbing ladders or stairways on scaffolds used for access and egress shall be affixed or built into the scaffold by proper design and engineering, and shall be so located that their use will not disturb the stability of the scaffold. (A) Manufactured hook-on and attachable ladders shall be securely attached to the scaffold and: 1. Shall be specifically designed for the type of scaffold used; 2. Shall have a minimum rung length of 11-1/2 inches (29 cm); 3. Shall have uniform spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16-3/4 inches; 4. Shall be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; and 5. When hook-on and attachable ladders are used on a supported scaffold more than 35 feet (10.7 m) high, they shall have rest platforms at 35-foot (10.7 m) maximum vertical intervals. (B) If a ladder is used as a means of access to the scaffold, it shall be securely attached and shall comply with Article 25 of the Construction Safety Orders. (C) Permanent stairways shall comply with the applicable provisions of the General Industry Safety Orders. Prefabricated scaffold steps or stairs, manufactured on or before May 28, 2005, shall comply with the design, manufacture and installation requirements of either the American National Standard ANSI A10.8- 1988, Scaffolding-Safety Requirements, or the ANSI/ASSE A10.8-2001, Safety Requirements for Scaffolding, which are hereby incorporated by reference. Prefabricated scaffold steps or stairs, manufactured after May 28, 2005, shall comply with the design, manufacture and installation requirements of ANSI/ASSE A10.8-2001, Safety Requirements for Scaffolding. (D) Horizontal members of end frames may be designed and used as a climbing device provided that the steps…

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# 1926.451 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (cont.) ## 1926.451(f) "Use." (cont.) 1926.451(f)(6) The clearance between scaffolds and power lines shall be as follows: Scaffolds shall not be erected, used, dismantled, altered, or moved such that they or any conductive material handled on them might come closer to exposed and energized power lines than as follows: <table><tr><th colspan="3">*INSULATED LINES</th></tr><tr><td>VOLTAGE</td><td>MINIMUM DISTANCE</td><td>ALTERNATIVES</td></tr><tr><td>Less than 300 volts</td><td>3 feet (0.9 m)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>300 volts to 50 kv</td><td>10 feet (3.1 m)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>More than 50 kv</td><td>10 feet (3.1 m) plus 0.4 inches (1.0 cm) for each kv over 50 kv</td><td>2 times the length of the line insulator, but never less than 10 feet (3.1 m)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">*UNINSULATED LINES</td></tr><tr><td>VOLTAGE</td><td>MINIMUM DISTANCE</td><td>ALTERNATIVES</td></tr><tr><td>Less than 50 kv</td><td>10 feet (3.1 m)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>More than 50 kv</td><td>10 feet (3.1 m) plus 0.4 inches (1.0 cm) for each kv over 50 kv</td><td>2 times the length of the line insulator, but never less than 10 feet (3.1 m)</td></tr></table> Exception to paragraph (f)(6): Scaffolds and materials may be closer to power lines than specified above where such clearance is necessary for performance of work, and only after the utility company, or electrical system operator, has been notified of the need to work closer and the utility company, or electrical system operator, has deenergized the lines, relocated the lines, or installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. 1926.451(f)(7) Scaffolds shall be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person qualified in scaffold erection, moving, dismantling or alteration. Such activities shall be performed only by experienced and trained employees selected for such work by the competent person. 1926.451(f)(8)…

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# 1926.451-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (cont.) ## Competent Person (cont.) 1926.451(f)(3)-Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be inspected for visible defects by a competent person before each work shift, and after any occurrence which could affect a scaffold's structural integrity. 1926.451(f)(7)-Scaffolds shall be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person qualified in scaffold erection, moving, dismantling or alteration. Such activities shall be performed only by experienced and trained employees selected for such work by the competent person. 1926.451(f)(12)-Work on or from scaffolds is prohibited during storms or high winds unless a competent person has determined that it is safe for employees to be on the scaffold and those employees are protected by a personal fall arrest system or wind screens. Wind screens shall not be used unless the scaffold is secured against the anticipated wind forces imposed. 1926.451(g)(2)-Effective September 2, 1997, the employer shall have a competent person determine the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds. Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. 1926.451(g)(4)(xiv)-Manila or plastic (or other synthetic) rope being used for toprails or midrails shall be inspected by a competent person as frequently as necessary to ensure that it continues to meet the strength requirements of paragraph (g) [Fall Protection] of this section. ## Qualified Person 1926.451(d)(3)(i)-Before the scaffold is used, direct connections shall be evaluated by a competent person who shall confirm, based on the evaluation, that the supporting surfaces are capable of supporting the loads to be imposed. In addition, masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffol…