E.ergency response
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Published by SALUSTo ensure effective emergency response in the workplace, employers must develop and implement a comprehensive emergency response plan. This plan should be in writing and available for inspection by employees, their representatives, and OSHA personnel. Key elements of the plan include:
- Pre-Emergency Planning and Coordination: Employers should coordinate with outside parties to ensure a cohesive response to emergencies [1].
- Personnel Roles and Training: Clearly define roles, lines of authority, and communication methods. Employees involved in emergency response must be trained in recognizing health and safety hazards, using personal protective equipment (PPE), and handling emergency incidents [2].
- Emergency Recognition and Prevention: Employees should be trained to recognize emergency situations and understand the procedures to follow [1].
- Evacuation Routes and Procedures: Establish clear evacuation routes and procedures, including safe distances and places of refuge [1].
- Site Security and Control: Implement measures to secure and control the site during an emergency [1].
- Decontamination and Medical Treatment: Include procedures for decontamination and provide emergency medical treatment and first aid [1].
- Emergency Alerting and Response Procedures: Ensure there are systems in place for alerting employees and coordinating the response [1].
- Critique and Follow-Up: After an emergency, conduct a critique of the response and implement follow-up actions to improve future responses [1].
- Personal Protective Equipment and Emergency Equipment: Ensure the availability and proper use of PPE and emergency equipment [1].
- Incident Command System (ICS): The senior emergency response official should take charge of the ICS, coordinating all emergency responders and communications [3].
Employers must also ensure that emergency response plans are rehearsed regularly and reviewed periodically to keep them current with any changes in site conditions or information [4].
Sources used for this answer
[1] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 675
Open source documentSource excerpt
Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules - (iv) Safe distances and places of refuge. - (v) Site security and control. - (vi) Evacuation routes and procedures. - (vii) Decontamination procedures which are not covered by the site safety and health plan. - (viii) Emergency medical treatment and first aid. - (ix) Emergency alerting and response procedures. - (x) Critique of response and follow-up. - (xi) PPE and emergency equipment. - (3) Procedures for handling emergency incidents. - (i) In addition to the elements for the emergency response plan required in paragraph (l)(2) of this section, the following elements shall be included for emergency response plans: - (A) Site topography, layout, and prevailing weather conditions. - (B) Procedures for reporting incidents to local, state, and federal governmental agencies. - (ii) The emergency response plan shall be a separate section of the Site Safety and Health Plan. - (iii) The emergency response plan shall be compatible and integrated with the disaster, fire and/or emergency response plans of local, state, and federal agencies. - (iv) The emergency response plan shall be rehearsed regularly as part of the overall training program for site operations. - (v) The site emergency response plan shall be reviewed periodically and, as necessary, be amended to keep it current with new or changing site conditions or information. - (vi) An employee alarm system shall be installed in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.165 to notify employees of an emergency situation; to stop work activities if necessary; to lower background noise in order to speed communication; and to begin emergency procedures. AO 3-2019 Division 2
[2] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 685
Open source documentSource excerpt
Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 3-2019 Division 2 - (i) The senior emergency response official responding to an emergency shall become the individual in charge of a site-specific Incident Command System (ICS). All emergency responders and their communications shall be coordinated and controlled through the individual in charge of the ICS assisted by the senior official present for each employer. - Note to (q)(3)(i): The 'senior official' at an emergency response is the most senior official on the site who has the responsibility for controlling the operations at the site. Initially it is the senior officer on the first-due piece of responding emergency apparatus to arrive on the incident scene. As more senior officers arrive (i.e., battalion chief, fire chief, state law enforcement official, site coordinator, etc.) the position is passed up the line of authority which has been previously established. - (ii) The individual in charge of the ICS shall identify, to the extent possible, all hazardous substances or conditions present and shall address as appropriate site analysis, use of engineering controls, maximum exposure limits, hazardous substance handling procedures, and use of any new technologies. - (iii) Based on the hazardous substances and/or conditions present, the individual in charge of the ICS shall implement appropriate emergency operations, and assure that the personal protective equipment worn is appropriate for the hazards to be encountered. However, personal protective equipment shall meet, at a minimum, the criteria contained in 29 CFR 1910.156(e) when worn while performing fire fighting operations beyond the incipient stage for any incident. - (iv) Employees engaged in emergency response and exposed to hazardous substances presenting an inhalation hazard or potential inhalation hazard shall wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus while engaged in emergency response, until such time t…
[3] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 682
Open source documentSource excerpt
Division 2 AO 3-2019 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division - (A) Training for emergency response employees shall be completed before they are called upon to perform in real emergencies. Such training shall include the elements of the emergency response plan, standard operating procedures the employer has established for the job, the personal protective equipment to be worn and procedures for handling emergency incidents. Exception #1: An employer need not train all employees to the degree specified if the employer divides the work force in a manner such that a sufficient number of employees who have responsibility to control emergencies have the training specified, and all other employees, who may first respond to an emergency incident, have sufficient awareness training to recognize that an emergency response situation exists and that they are instructed in that case to summon the fully trained employees and not attempt control activities for which they are not trained. - Exception #2: An employer need not train all employees to the degree specified if arrangements have been made in advance for an outside fully-trained emergency response team to respond in a reasonable period and all employees, who may come to the incident first, have sufficient awareness training to recognize that an emergency response situation exists and they have been instructed to call the designated outside fully-trained emergency response team for assistance. - (B) Employee members of TSD facility emergency response organizations shall be trained to a level of competence in the recognition of health and safety hazards to protect themselves and other employees. This would include training in the methods used to minimize the risk from safety and health hazards; in the safe use of control equipment; in the selection and use of appropriate personal protective equipment; in the safe operating procedures to be used at the incident scene; in the techniques…
[4] Rules for the Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act (General Occupational Safety and Health, Division 2, OSHA Oregon)
Page 684
Open source documentSource excerpt
Division 2 AO 3-2019 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division - (1) Emergency response plan. An emergency response plan shall be developed and implemented to handle anticipated emergencies prior to the commencement of emergency response operations. The plan shall be in writing and available for inspection and copying by employees, their representatives and OSHA personnel. Employers who will evacuate their employees from the danger area when an emergency occurs, and who do not permit any of their employees to assist in handling the emergency, are exempt from the requirements of this paragraph if they provide an emergency action plan in accordance with 1910.38(a) of this part. - (2) Elements of an emergency response plan. The employer shall develop an emergency response plan for emergencies which shall address, as a minimum, the following to the extent that they are not addressed elsewhere: - (i) Pre-emergency planning and coordination with outside parties. - (ii) Personnel roles, lines of authority, training, and communication. - (iii) Emergency recognition and prevention. - (iv) Safe distances and places of refuge. - (v) Site security and control. - (vi) Evacuation routes and procedures. - (vii) Decontamination. - (viii) Emergency medical treatment and first aid. - (ix) Emergency alerting and response procedures. - (x) Critique of response and follow-up. - (xi) PPE and emergency equipment. - (xii) Emergency response organizations may use the local emergency response plan or the state emergency response plan or both, as part of their emergency response plan to avoid duplication. Those items of the emergency response plan that are being properly addressed by the SARA Title III plans may be substituted into their emergency plan or otherwise kept together for the employer and employee's use. - (3) Procedures for handling emergency response. Note: 1910.38 is now OAR [redacted phone].
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