Electrical safety for cws

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ## WAC 296-24-975 Selection and use of work practices. - (1) General . You must employ safety-related work practices to prevent electric shock or other injuries resulting from either direct or indirect electrical contacts, when work is performed near or on equipment or circuits which are or may be energized. The specific safety-related work practices must be consistent with the nature and extent of the associated electrical hazards. - (a) Deenergized parts . You must deenergize live parts to which an employee may be exposed shall be deenergized before the employee works on or near them, unless the employer can demonstrate that deenergizing introduces additional or increased hazards or is infeasible due to equipment design or operational limitations. Live parts that operate at less than 50 volts to ground need not be deenergized if there will be no increased exposure to electrical burns or to explosion due to electric arcs. - Note 1: Examples of increased or additional hazards include interruption of life support equipment, deactivation of emergency alarm systems, shutdown of hazardous location ventilation equipment, or removal of illumination for an area. - Note 2: Examples of work that may be performed on or near energized circuit parts because of infeasibility due to equipment design or operational limitations include testing of electric circuits that can only be performed with the circuit energized and work on circuits that form an integral part of a continuous industrial process in a chemical plant that would otherwise need to be completely shut down in order to permit work on one circuit or piece of equipment - Note 3: Work on or near deenergized parts is covered by subsection (2) of this section. - (b) Energized parts . If the exposed live parts…

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ requirements of this section. You must follow the requirements in the order in which they are presented (i.e., (b)(i) of this subsection first, then (b)(ii) of this subsection. - Note 1: As used in this section, fixed equipment refers to equipment fastened in place or connected by permanent wiring methods. - Note 2: Lockout and tagging procedures that comply with chapter 296-803 WAC, Lockout/tagout (control of hazardous energy) will also be deemed to comply with (b) of this subsection provided that: - 1. The procedures address the electrical safety hazards covered by this part; and - 2. The procedures also incorporate the requirements of (b)(iii)(D) and (b)(iv)(B) of this subsection. - (i) Procedures. You must maintain a written copy of the procedures outlined in (b) of this subsection and you must make it available for inspection by employees and by the director and their authorized representatives. - Note: The written procedures may be in the form of a copy of subsection (2) of this section. - (ii) Deenergizing equipment. - (A) You must determine safe procedures for deenergizing circuits and equipment before circuits or equipment are deenergized. - (B) You must disconnect the circuits and equipment to be worked on from all electric energy sources. You must not use control circuit devices, such as push buttons, selector switches, and interlocks, as the sole means for deenergizing circuits or equipment. You must not use interlocks for electric equipment as a substitute for lockout and tagging procedures. - (C) You must release stored electric energy which might endanger personnel You must discharge capacitors and you must short-circuit and ground high capacitance elements if the stored electric energy might endanger personnel. - Note: If the capacitors …

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - (i) Employees' hands must not be wet when plugging and unplugging flexible cords and cord- and plug-connected equipment, if energized equipment is involved. - (ii) You must only handle energized plug and receptacle connections with insulating protective equipment if the condition of the connection could provide a conducting path to the employee's hand (if, for example, a cord connector is wet from being immersed in water). - (iii) You must properly secure locking-type connectors after connection. ## (2) Electric power and lighting circuits . - (a) Routine opening and closing of circuits . You must use load rated switches, circuit breakers, or other devices specifically designed as disconnecting means for the opening, reversing, or closing of circuits under load conditions. You must not use cable connectors not of the load-break type, fuses, terminal lugs, and cable splice connections for such purposes, except in an emergency. - (b) Reclosing circuits after protective device operation . After a circuit is deenergized by a circuit protective device, you must not manually reenergize the circuit until it has been determined that the equipment and circuit can be safely energized. The repetitive manual reclosing of circuit breakers or reenergizing circuits through replaced fuses is prohibited. Note: When it can be determined from the design of the circuit and the overcurrent devices involved that the automatic operation of a device was caused by an overload rather than a fault condition, no examination of the circuit or connected equipment is needed before the circuit is reenergized. - (c) Overcurrent protection modification . You must not modify overcurrent protection modification overcurrent protection of circuits and conductors, even on a temporary …

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - (F) If equipment operates with any terminal at over 150 volts to ground. - (v) Notwithstanding the provisions of (f)(iv) of this subsection, exposed noncurrent-carrying metal parts of the following types of fixed equipment need not be grounded: - (A) Enclosures for switches or circuit breakers used for other than service equipment and accessible to qualified persons only; - (B) Electrically heated appliances that are permanently and effectively insulated from ground; - (C) Distribution apparatus, such as transformer and capacitor cases, mounted on wooden poles, at a height exceeding 8 feet above ground or grade level; and - (D) Listed equipment protected by a system of double insulation, or its equivalent, and distinctively marked as such. - (vi) You must ground exposed noncurrent-carrying metal parts of cord- and plugconnected equipment that may become energized under any of the following conditions: - (A) If in hazardous (classified) locations (see WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code]); - (B) If operated at over 150 volts to ground, except for guarded motors and metal frames of electrically heated appliances if the appliance frames are permanently and effectively insulated from ground; - (C) If the equipment is of the following types: - (I) Refrigerators, freezers, and air conditioners; - (II) Clothes-washing, clothes-drying, and dishwashing machines, sump pumps, and electric aquarium equipment; - (III) Hand-held motor-operated tools, stationary and fixed motor-operated tools, and light industrial motor-operated tools; - (IV) Motor-operated appliances of the following types: Hedge clippers, lawn mowers, snow blowers, and wet scrubbers; - (V) Cord- and plug-connected appliances used in damp or wet locations, or by employees standing on the ground or on meta…

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - (B) Ropes and handlines used near exposed energized parts must be nonconductive. - (ii) You must use protective shields, protective barriers, or insulating materials to protect each employee from shock, burns, or other electrically related injuries while that employee is working near exposed energized parts which might be accidentally contacted or where dangerous electric heating or arcing might occur. When normally enclosed live parts are exposed for maintenance or repair, they must be guarded to protect unqualified persons from contact with the live parts. - (2) Alerting techniques . You must use the following alerting techniques to warn and protect employees from hazards which could cause injury due to electric shock, burns, or failure of electric equipment parts: - (a) Safety signs and tags . You must use safety signs, safety symbols, or accident prevention tags where necessary to warn employees about electrical hazards which may endanger them. - (b) Barricades . You must use barricades in conjunction with safety signs where it is necessary to prevent or limit employee access to work areas exposing employees to uninsulated energized conductors or circuit parts. Conductive barricades may not be used where they might cause an electrical contact hazard. - (c) Attendants . If signs and barricades do not provide sufficient warning and protection from electrical hazards, you must station an attendant to warn and protect employees. - (3) Design requirements . Insulating blankets, ,matting, covers, line hose, gloves, and sleeves made of rubber must meet the following requirements: ## (a) Manufacture and marking . - (i) Blankets, gloves, and sleeves must be produced by a seamless process. - (ii) Each item must be clearly marked as follows: - (A) Class …

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - (5) Overhead lines . If work is to be performed near overhead lines, you must deenergize and ground the lines, or provide other protective measures before work is started. If the lines are to be deenergized, you must make arrangements with the person or organization that operates or controls the electric circuits involved to deenergize and ground them. If protective measures, such as guarding, isolating, or insulating, these precautions must prevent employees from contacting such lines directly with any part of their body or indirectly through conductive materials, tools, or equipment. - (6) Unqualified persons . When an unqualified person is working in an elevated position, or on the ground, near overhead lines, the location must be such that the person and the longest conductive object he or she may contact cannot come closer to any unguarded, energized overhead line than the following distances: - (a) For voltages to ground 50kV or below--10 ft.; - (b) For voltages to ground over 50kV--10 ft. plus 0.4 inch for every 1 kV over 50 kV. - (7) Qualified persons . When a qualified person is working in the vicinity of overhead lines, whether in an elevated position or on the ground, the person must not approach or take any conductive object without an approved insulating handle closer to exposed energized parts than shown in subsections (3) and (4) of this section unless: - (a) The person is insulated from the energized part (gloves, with sleeves if necessary, rated for the voltage involved are considered to be insulation of the person from the energized part on which work is performed); or - (b) The energized part is insulated both from all other conductive objects at a different potential and from the person; or - (c) The person is insulated from all co…

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ effective 09/01/01. Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. 91-24-017 (Order 91-07), 296-24-980, filed 11/22/91, effective 12/24/91.] ## WAC 296-24-985 Use of equipment. - (1) Portable electric equipment . This section applies to the use of cord- and plug-connected equipment, including flexible cord sets (extension cords). - (a) Handling . You must handle handling portable equipment in a manner which will not cause damage. You must not use flexible electric cords connected to equipment for raising or lowering the equipment. You must not fasten flexible cords with staples or otherwise hung in such a fashion as could damage the outer jacket or insulation. ## (b) Visual inspection . - (i) You must visually inspect portable cord- and plug-connected equipment and flexible cord sets (extension cords) before use on any shift for external defects (such as loose parts, deformed and missing pins, or damage to outer jacket or insulation) and for evidence of possible internal damage (such as pinched or crushed outer jacket). Cord- and plug-connected equipment and flexible cord sets (extension cords) which remain connected once they are put in place and are not exposed to damage need not be visually inspected until they are relocated. - (ii) If there is a defect or evidence of damage that might expose an employee to injury, you must remove the defective or damaged item from service, and employees must no use it until repairs and tests necessary to render the equipment safe have been made. - (iii) When an attachment plug is to be connected to a receptacle (including any on a cord set), you must first check the relationship of the plug and receptacle contacts to ensure they are of proper mating configurations. ## (c) Grounding-type equipment . - (i) A flexib…

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - (I) The employer ensures that the employee who applied the lock or tag is not available at the workplace; and - (II) The employer ensures that the employee is aware that the lock or tag has been removed before he or she resumes work at that workplace. - (D) You must provide a visual determination that all employees are clear of the circuits and equipment. [Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050, and .060. 15-24-100 (Order 15-04), § 296-24-975, filed 12/01/2015, effective 01/05/2016 Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050, and .060. 04-15-105 (Order 03-12), § 296-24-975, filed 07/20/04, effective 11/01/04. [Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. 94-15-096 (Order 94-07), 296-24-975, filed 7/20/94, effective 9/20/94; 91-24-017 (Order 91-07), 296-24-975, filed 11/22/91, effective 12/24/91.] ## WAC 296-24-980 Safeguards for personnel protection. ## (1) Use of protective equipment . - (a) Personal protective equipment . - (i) You must provide employees working in areas where there are potential electrical hazards with electrical protective equipment that is appropriate for the specific parts of the body to be protected and for the work to be performed, and you must ensure that they use such protective equipment. - Note: Personal protective equipment requirements are contained in chapter 296-24 WAC Part L, and WAC [redacted identifier]. - (ii) You must maintain protective equipment in a safe, reliable condition and you must periodically inspect or test it, as required by chapter 296-24 WAC Part L, and WAC [redacted identifier]. - (iii) If the insulating capability of protective equipment may be subject to damage during use, you must protect the insulating material. (For example, an outer covering of leather is sometimes used for the p…

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ## WAC 296-24-957 Electrical . This part addresses electrical safety requirements that are necessary for the practical safeguarding of employees in their workplaces and is divided into four major divisions as follows: - Design safety standards for electrical systems . These regulations are contained in WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code] through 296-24-[redacted postal code]. Included in this category are all electric equipment and installations used to provide electric power and light for employee workplaces. - Safety-related work practices . These regulations are contained in WAC 296-24-965. - Definitions . Definitions applicable to each division are contained in WAC 296-24-990. [Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, .040, .050, and .060. 12-16-064 (Order 12-11), § 296-24-957, filed 07/31/12, effective 09/01/12.] ## WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code] Electric utilization systems. - WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code] through 296-24-[redacted postal code] contain design safety standards for electric utilization systems, and cover electrical installations and utilization equipment installed or used within or on buildings, structures, and other premises, including: - (a) Yards; - (b) Carnivals; - (c) Parking and other lots; - (d) Mobile homes; - (e) Recreational vehicles; - (f) Industrial substations; - (g) Conductors that connect the installations to a supply of electricity; and - (h) Other outside conductors on the premises. - Not covered . The provisions of WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code] through 296-24-[redacted postal code] do not cover: