generate a tool box talk about complacency and protecting finished work in construction

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# Construction Worker - General (cont.) ## What are some health and safety issues for construction workers? (cont.) Working in adverse weather conditions (such as cold, heat, high winds , or lightning. - Working with hand tools, powered tools and heavy powered equipment. - Excess vibration in the hands, arms or body from powered tools or equipment. - Confined spaces. - Noise. - Working at heights. - Working with portable ladders and fixed ladders. - Electrical hazards. - Hazardous energy control including lockout/tag out. - Working with cranes, hoists, and other material handling equipment. - Slips, trips and falls. - Respiratory hazards from wood dust. - Explosion and fire hazards from combustible dusts. - Stress. - Shift work or extended work days. - Working alone. - Struck by mobile equipment. - Maintaining good housekeeping. - Workplace violence and harrassment. ## What are some preventive measures for construction workers? - Scan the workplace for existing and potential hazards before work begins and take appropriate controls. Be aware that conditions can change constantly. - Inspect all equipment and machinery for any defects before work begins. - Keep tools and equipment in good working order. Use correct personal protective equipment and apparel, including safety footwear. - Keep all work areas clear of clutter and equipment. - Avoid awkward body positions or take frequent breaks. - Learn safe lifting techniques. Construction Worker - General CCOHS

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CCOHS CCHST Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail Hazard and Risk # Hazard and Risk - Sample Risk Assessment Form On this page How can risks be assessed? What is a sample risk assessment form? Is there a procedure for assessing risks? ## How can risks be assessed? After hazards are identified, the risks associated with those hazards should be systematically reviewed to ensure those things, activities, situations, processes, tasks, etc. that cause harm to people or property are controlled. One way to ensure that all risks are evaluated in the same way is to use a risk assessment form. This procedure should be carried out by someone who is experienced and fully familiar with the activity (e.g., a "competent person"). Please note: see the OSH Answers Risk Assessment for more information about risk assessments in general, and how to rank hazards. ## Is there a procedure for assessing risks? There is no one way to assess risks, and there are many risk assessment tools and techniques that can be used. Choose the method that best matches your situation. In all cases, the risk assessment should be completed for any activity, task, etc. before the activity begins. <table><tr><th>Step</th><th>Action</th><th>Deliverable</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>Identify hazards and their potential for causing harm.</td><td>An inventory of hazards.</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Assess the risk of each hazard and rank hazards by priority (consider the probability of harm and severity of harm).</td><td>A ranked list of hazards. This list will be useful in planning further action.</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Determine hazard control measures.</td><td>1. A record of hazard control measures at various locations. 2. Evaluation of the adequacy of hazard control measures. Consider the hierarchy of controls, and controls required or recommended by legislation, standards, good practices, or organizational policies.</td></tr><tr><…

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# Hand Tools - General Hand Tool Operation (cont.) ## What are some basic tips when using hand tools? (cont.) - Maintain tools carefully. Keep them clean and dry, and store them properly after each use. - Carry tools in a sturdy toolbox to and from the worksite. - Wear safety glasses or goggles, or a face shield (with safety glasses or goggles) and well-fitting gloves appropriate for the hazards to which you may be exposed when doing various tasks. Keep the work environment clean and tidy to avoid clutter, which may cause incidents. - Use a heavy belt or apron and hang tools pointed down at your sides, not behind your back. - Keep the work space tidy. Store tools properly when not in use. ## What should I avoid when using hand tools? - Do not use tools for jobs they are not intended to do. For example, do not use a slot screwdriver as a chisel, pry bar, wedge or punch, or wrenches as hammers. - Do not apply excessive force or pressure on tools. - Do not cut towards yourself when using cutting tools. - Do not hold the stock in the palm of your hand when using a cutting tool or a screwdriver. Always lay it on a workbench or in a vice. - Do not wear bulky gloves to operate hand tools. - Do not throw tools. Hand them, handle first, directly to other workers. - Do not carry tools in a way that interferes with using both hands on a ladder, while climbing on a structure, or when doing any hazardous work. If working on a ladder or scaffold, tools should be raised and lowered using a bucket and hand line. - Do not carry a sharp tool in your pocket. Hand Tools - General Hand Tool Operation CCOHS

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# Carpenter (cont.) ## What does a carpenter do? (cont.) Flammable materials, including wood dust. Combustible dust may also be a concern. - Risk of pain or injury from working in awkward positions, performing repetitive tasks, or lifting. - Risk of cuts, abrasions, and other injuries from handling workpieces and using tools or equipment. - Risk of entanglement of body parts into rotating parts or machinery. - Extreme temperatures when working outdoors. - Risk of eye injury from flying particles. - Working at heights. - Stress. - Shift work or extended work days. - Working alone. Additional hazards may be present due to the nature of the worksite. Always be aware of your surroundings. ## What are some preventive measures for carpenters? - Inspect work area, tools, and equipment before work starts for possible hazards. - Select tools and equipment that allow work to be done using good ergonomic procedures.. When there is a choice, select a tool of low weight. - Keep tools and equipment in good working order. - Know when to replace accessories on woodworking machines. - Clean up wood dust regularly and maintain good housekeeping practices. - Keep work areas clear of clutter and equipment. - Disconnect the power to any machine when you have to fix an issue or change parts. Use lock-out/tag out procedures and/or maintain control of the power while working on the machine to prevent accidental start-up. - Never operate machinery without all guards in place. - Wear appropriate eye protection, hearing protection, footwear, and other protective equipment for the task. - Know about the products you are working with, including type of wood, chemicals, paints, stains, etc. - Learn safe lifting techniques. Carpenter CCOHS

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# Why is worker orientation important? (cont.) ## How do you design an education or training program? (cont.) - Hazard identification, hazard control, and risk assessment. - Emergency procedures. - Incident investigation. - Conducting planned inspections. - Auditing skills. - Training. - Planned task observation. - Communication skills. - Motivation and discipline. - Managing workers. - Off the job safety. - Problem solving skills. - First aid. - Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)/chemical safety. - Industrial hygiene and medical surveillance programs. - Duty to accommodate. When providing training, an instructor should: - Receive training in how to instruct. - Prepare an orderly plan for instruction. - Explain the reasons why each step must be done in a certain way. All instructors should: - Plan the session beforehand, break the job down into steps, and have training aids available. - Explain what is to be done. - Describe all the hazards and protective measures. - Demonstrate each step, stress key points, and answer any questions. - Have the worker carry out each step, correct errors, and compliment good performance. Check frequently after the worker is working independently to ensure correct performance. Documented correct work procedures are very important in job skills training. Health and Safety Program - General Elements CCOHS

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# Enclosure and Isolation (cont.) ## What should I know about personal protective equipment (PPE) as a hazard control method? (cont.) - Skin protection (e.g., coveralls, aprons, full body suits) - Gloves - Eye protection (e.g., face shield, goggles) - Foot protection - Hearing protective devices (e.g., ear plugs, ear muffs) The choice of what type of PPE is required must be based on the specific hazard found at the workplace. No matter which type of PPE is used, it is essential to have a complete PPE program in place. For more information about PPE programs, please see the following document Designing an Effective PPE Program. ## Can more than one control method be used or followed? Yes. Sometimes a hazard cannot be controlled using a single type of control method. If a hazard cannot be eliminated, a combination of controls may be required. For example: - Using a scissor lift instead of a ladder (substitution). Workers should be trained on the safe use of the equipment and follow safe work procedures (administrative controls). When working at heights, workers should also use PPE, including a full body harness and lanyard attached to an anchor point, there is a risk of injury from falling. - Driving in the winter for work. Controls may include not driving during extreme winter weather (elimination), determining if there are any other options for driving, such as public transit (substation), use of winter tires (engineering), and driver training (administrative). ## Should the adequacy of controls be reviewed or evaluated? Yes. It is important to determine the effectiveness of the control methods implemented and adjust as required. Controls must not create new hazards. For example, if wearing PPE contributes to other hazards (e.g., heat stress), then it is important to review if other control methods are possible or if additional precautions are needed. Monitor both the hazard and the control method to make sure that the control is working effectively…