Outdoor construction with heavy equipment and dirt

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## R. WORKING AROUND UNDER GROUND UTILITY LINES During operation it is likely that you will be working around or near buried utility lines which may include, but are not limited to: - -Electrical Power Line - -Gas Line - -Water Line - -Communication Line: Telephone or Cable Television Before begining any trenching, drilling or other construction work it is your responsibility to be aware of all such utility lines buried in the area of your project and to avoid them. ALWAYS have all local utility companies mark the location of their lines. Check with local authorities for laws, regulations and/or strict penalties requiring you to locate and avoid existing utilities. ## S. RESTRICTED WORK AREAS In work sites with limited height and swing / traveling areas such as tunnels, bridges, around electrical power lines, other utilities, or inside structures. Use extreme caution on work sites with limited height and swing/traveling areas such as tunnels, bridges, around electrical power lines, other utilities or inside structure. Keep the machine and its attachment a safe distance to prevent injury, death or damage on equipment or structure. Use a flagman to guide the operators. ## T. DO NOT WORK UNDER PRECIPICE / OVERHANG Do not dig under the precipice. It may cause falling rocks or loosening of the precipice resulting in injury, death or machine damage. <!-- image --> <!-- image --> <!-- image --> １

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［ ## LIMITED MOVEMENT IN WORK AREA Use extreme caution when working in areas that constrain or limit the movements of the machine, including tunnels, bridges, around electrical power lines, or inside structures, to prevent the machine or the attachment /equipment from contacting these obstacles during operation. To prevent serious injury, death or property damage, always use a signal person to assist the operator with maneuvering in these areas and keep the machine and the attachment /equipment a safe distance from these obstacles. <!-- image --> The operator should always be alert and follow the signals from the signal person. The operator shall respond to signals only from the appointed signal person, but shall obey a stop signal from anyone at any time. ## OPERATING UNDER CLIFF OR OVERHANG Never undercut or dig beneath a cliff or overhang. A landslide could occur or rocks and debris could fall on the machine. Be aware that the cab and the guards installed provide limited protection for the operator and may not prevent serious injury or death. The top guard should not allow loads up to 227 kg (500 lbs.) dropped from a height of 5.22 m (17 ft.) to penetrate the cab. During demolition or other activities, the load, the distance of the drop, or both could produce forces that exceed the limits of the top guard and cause serious injury or death. ## DEEP EXCAVATION OPERATION To prevent damage to the machine, during deep excavation or diagonal digging. - · Do not allow the arm or the hydraulic piping to contact the side of the trench or hole. - · Do not allow the arm to contact the crawler shoe when operating with the arm below horizontal. <!-- image --> <!-- image -->

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## Locating buried or concrete-embedded facilities 447 (1) For the purposes of subsection (1.1) and section 448, an owner means an owner or the owner's designate of a pipeline that is within 30 metres of the work site or any other buried or concrete-embedded facility that may be affected by the ground disturbance or removal of existing concrete. 447 (1.1) Before the ground is disturbed or existing concrete is removed at a work site, an employer must - (a) contact the owner, - (b) advise the owner of the proposed activities, - (c) ask the owner to identify and mark the location of the buried or concrete-embedded facility, and - (d) not begin disturbing the ground or removing the existing concrete until buried or concreteembedded facilities have been identified and their locations marked. - 447 (2) An employer must ensure that workers are aware of locate marks for buried or concrete-embedded facilities. - 447 (3) An employer must ensure that steps are taken to re-establish the locate marks for buried or concrete-embedded facilities if activities at the work site move or destroy the locate marks. - 447 (4) Despite subsection (1.1), an employer may use as built record drawings of the buried or concrete-embedded facilities for locating the buried or concrete-embedded facilities if - (a) the work does not require excavation or removal of the soil, ground or existing concrete, and - (b) the ground is penetrated to a depth of 1 metre or less or the existing concrete is penetrated to a depth of 150 millimetres or less. - (5) The as-built record drawings referred to in subsection (4) must be certified by the owner of the buried or concrete-embedded facility as the most current drawings of record that indicate the constructed location of the buried or concrete-embedded facility. ## Exposing buried facilities 448 (1) An employer must ensure that work with mechanical excavation equipment is not permitted within the hand expose zone of a buried facility until the buried faci…

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules ## [redacted phone] Mechanical equipment ## (1) General requirements. Note to [redacted phone]: For employers engaged in construction activities, mechanical equipment must be operated in accordance with applicable requirements in Division 3, including subdivisions N, O, and CC of Division 3, except that 1926.600(a)(6) does not apply to operations performed by qualified employees. - (a) The critical safety components of mechanical elevating and rotating equipment must receive a thorough visual inspection before use on each shift. - Note to paragraph (1)(a): Critical safety components of mechanical elevating and rotating equipment are components for which failure would result in free fall or free rotation of the boom. - (b) No motor vehicle or earthmoving or compacting equipment having an obstructed view to the rear may be operated on off-highway jobsites where any employee is exposed to the hazards created by the moving vehicle, unless: - (A) The vehicle has a reverse signal alarm audible above the surrounding noise level, or - (B) The vehicle is backed up only when a designated employee signals that it is safe to do so. - (c) Rubber-tired self-propelled scrapers, rubber-tired front-end loaders, rubbertired dozers, wheel-type agricultural and industrial tractors, crawler-type tractors, crawler-type loaders, and motor graders, with or without attachments, must have rollover protective structures that meet the requirements of Division 3/W. - (d) The operator of an electric line truck may not leave their position at the controls while a load is suspended, unless the employer can demonstrate that no employee (including the operator) is endangered. ## (2) Outriggers. - (a) Mobile equipment, if provided with outriggers, must be operated with the outriggers extended and firmly set, except as provided in paragraph (2)(c) of this rule. - (b) Outriggers may not be extended or retracted outside of…

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(Table 1, contd) ## Machine Operation Bring the load close to the machine before swinging the load. Only operate the machine while you are in a seat. The seat belt must be fastened while you operate the machine. Only operate the controls while the engine is running. Check for proper operation of all controls and of all protective devices while you operate the machine slowly in an open area. When the machine is moving watch the clearance of the boom. Uneven ground can cause the boom to move in all directions. Make sure that no personnel will be endangered before you move the machine. Do not allow riders on the machine unless the machine has an additional seat with a seat belt. Report any machine damage that was noted during machine operation. Make any necessary repairs. Never use the work tool for a work platform. Hold attachments approximately 40 cm (15 inches) above ground level while you drive the machine. Do not drive the machine close to an overhang, to the edge of a cliff, or to the edge of an excavation. If the machine begins to sideslip on a grade, immediately dump the load and turn the machine downhill. Be careful to avoid any ground condition which could cause the machine to tip. Tipping can occur when you work on hills, on banks, or on slopes. Tipping can also occur when you cross ditches, ridges, or other unexpected obstructions. When possible, operate the machine up slopes and down slopes with the final drive sprockets facing down the slope. Avoid operating the machine across the slope. Place the heaviest end of the machine uphill when you are working on an incline. Keep the machine under control. Do not overload the machine beyond capacity. Avoid changing the direction of travel on a slope. Changing the direction of travel on a slope could result in tipping or side slipping of the machine. Bring the load close to the machine before traveling any distances. Lifting capacity decreases as the load is moved further from the machine. Make su…

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- (a) cutting back the walls of the excavation to reduce the height of the remaining vertical walls, if any, to no more than 1.5 metres for 'hard and compact soil' and 'likely to crack or crumble soil', - (b) installing temporary protective structures, or - (c) using a combination of the methods in clauses (a) and (b). 450 (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if a trench is constructed in solid rock throughout the entire trench. ## Cutting back walls - 451 If the walls of an excavation are cut back, an employer must ensure that - (a) if the soil is classified as 'hard and compact soil', the walls are sloped to within 1.5 metres of the bottom of the excavation at an angle of not less than 30 degrees measured from the vertical, - (b) if the soil is classified as 'likely to crack or crumble soil', the walls are sloped to within 1.5 metres of the bottom of the excavation at an angle of not less than 45 degrees measured from the vertical, and - (c) if the soil is classified as 'soft, sandy or loose soil', the walls are sloped from the bottom of the excavation at an angle of not less than 45 degrees measured from the vertical. ## Loose materials 452 An employer must ensure that loose materials are scaled and trimmed from the sides of an excavation if workers may be on or near the sides. ## Spoil piles - 453 An employer must ensure that a spoil pile is piled so that - (a) the leading edge of the pile is at least 1 metre away from the edge of the excavation, - (b) the slope of a spoil pile adjacent to the excavation is at an angle of not more than 45 degrees from the horizontal, and - (c) loose materials are scaled and trimmed from the spoil pile. ## Power pole support 454 An employer must ensure that work that disturbs the ground in the vicinity of an overhead power line is performed in a manner that does not reduce the original support provided for power line poles. ## Safe entry and exit 455 (1) An employer must ensure that if a worker is required to enter a tren…

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## U. CHECK THAT NO PERSON IS UNDER THE BUCKET There is a possibility of accident resulting in injury or death and the damage of machine due to the fall of sand/earth and the direct contact with bucket when the bucket and attachment pass through over the worker and the driver's seat of dump truck. Do not pass the bucket through over person for safety. ## V. GROUND STABILITY Make sure the condition of the work site is stable and capable of supporting the machine weight during operation. Do not operate attachment too close to the machine. Operation of the machine on shoulders or filled areas could cause the machine to become unstable presenting a work hazard. Position the crawler at right angle to shoulder and the travel motors to the rear of the machine, allowing for quick reversal, should the work area become unstable. ## W. LIFTING <!-- image --> <!-- image --> <!-- image --> Before operating the machine, make sure the job-site of machine is clear of all persons and obstacles. And park the machine on the hard and level ground. If the machine is equipped with the level gauge, confirm the inclination of the machine with the level gauge. Do not use the tooth of bucket for lifting load. Lift the load with a special lifting device such as hook. <!-- image --> The machine for Australia equips the level gauge as standard equipment. <!-- image --> <!-- image -->

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## DD. LOOSE / UNSTABLE GROUND AFTER RAIN Be careful for the possibility of machine rollover after rain. The vibration and weight of the machine could cause shoulder of road or pathway to become loose or unstable. Inspect the areas where the machine will travel and operate on to assure safe operation is possible. Pay attention for possible loosened precipice/overhang or shoulder of road, and falling rocks. pay attention for unexploded dynamite on job sites where dynamite is used. Always ## EE. SAFETY CHECK IN PARKING MACHINES When the machine is not parked properly, there is a possibility of unexpected overrun, risks due to barbarous act and dangerous movement at the time of the coming start. Park the machine following the safety parking procedure shown below. - ・ Park the machine on the firm and level ground to prevent overrun. - ・ Put the working equipment like bucket and dozer (if equipped) on the ground. - ・ Secure the safety lock lever to "LOCKED" position. - ・ Perform the cool-down operation of engine at low idling for 5 minutes. - ・ Stop the engine by switching the starter key switch off and then take out the key. - ・ When leaving from the machine, close the window, door of cab and all doors and covers and lock them. <!-- image -->