What is the maximum height of working off a ladder before you need to be tied off

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# Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cont.) ## 1910.28(b)(3)(iv) (cont.) Limits access within 6 feet (1.8 m) of the edge of the pit to authorized employees trained in accordance with $ 1910.30; ## 1910.28(b)(8)(ii) Applies floor markings at least 6 feet (1.8 m) from the edge of the pit in colors that contrast with the surrounding area; or places a warning line at least 6 feet (1.8 m) from the edge of the pit as well as stanchions that are capable of resisting, without tipping over, a force of at least 16 pounds (71 N) applied horizontally against the stanchion at a height of 30 inches (76 cm); or places a combination of floor markings and warning lines at least 6 feet (1.8 m) from the edge of the pit. When two or more pits in a common area are not more than 15 feet (4.5m) apart, the employer may comply by placing contrasting floor markings at least 6 feet (1.8 m) from the pit edge around the entire area of the pits; and 1910.28(b)(8)(iii) Posts readily visible caution signs that meet the requirements of $ 1910.145 and state "Caution - Open Pit." - 1910.28(b)(9) Fixed ladders (that extend more than 24 feet (7.3 m) above a lower level). 1910.28(b)(9)(i) For fixed ladders that extend more than 24 feet (7.3 m) above a lower level, the employer must ensure: - 1910.28(b)(9)(i)(A). 1910.28(b)(9)(i)(D) Existing fixed ladders. Each fixed ladder installed before November 19, 2018 is equipped with a personal fall arrest system, ladder safety system, cage, or well; - 1910.28(b)(9)(i)(B). New fixed ladders. Each fixed ladder installed on and after November 19, 2018, is equipped with a personal fall arrest system or a ladder safety system; - 1910.28(b)(9)(i)(C) Replacement. When a fixed ladder, cage, or well, or any portion of a section thereof, is replaced, a personal fall arrest system or ladder safety system is installed in at least that section of the fixed ladder, cage, or well where the replacement is located; and Submit Feedback

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# Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cont.) ## 1910.28(b)(8)(ii) (cont.) Final deadline. On and after November 18, 2036, all fixed ladders are equipped with a personal fall arrest system or a ladder safety system. 1910.28(b)(9)(ii) When a one-section fixed ladder is equipped with a personal fall protection or a ladder safety system or a fixed ladder is equipped with a personal fall arrest or ladder safety system on more than one section, the employer must ensure: - 1910.28(b)(9)(ii)(A) The personal fall arrest system or ladder safety system provides protection throughout the entire vertical distance of the ladder, including all ladder sections; and 1910.28(b)(9)(ii)(B) The ladder has rest platforms provided at maximum intervals of 150 feet (45.7 m). 1910.28(b)(9)(iii) The employer must ensure ladder sections having a cage or well: - 1910.28(b)(9)(iii)(A) - Are offset from adjacent sections; and - 1910.28(b)(9)(iii)(B) Have landing platforms provided at maximum intervals of 50 feet (15.2 m). - 1910.28(b)(9)(iv) The employer may use a cage or well in combination with a personal fall arrest system or ladder safety system provided that the cage or well does not interfere with the operation of the system. - 1910.28(b)(10) - Outdoor advertising (billboards). - 1910.28(b)(10)(i) The requirements in paragraph (b)(9) of this section, and other requirements in subparts D and I of this part, apply to fixed ladders used in outdoor advertising activities. - 1910.28(b)(10)(ii) When an employee engaged in outdoor advertising climbs a fixed ladder before November 19, 2018 that is not equipped with a cage, well, personal fall arrest system, or a ladder safety system the employer must ensure the employee:

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# by both a personal fall arrest system and guardrail system; ## 1926.451(g)(1).(iii). Each employee on a crawling board (chicken ladder) shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system, a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity), or by a three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board; ## 1926.451(g)(1)(iv). Each employee on a self-contained adjustable scaffold shall be protected by a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) when the platform is supported by the frame structure, and by both a personal fall arrest system and a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) when the platform is supported by ropes; ## 1926.451(g)(1)(v). Each employee on a walkway located within a scaffold shall be protected by a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) installed within 9½ inches (24.1 cm) of and along at least one side of the walkway. Submit Feedback ## 1926.451(g)(1)(vi). Each employee performing overhand bricklaying operations from a supported scaffold shall be protected from falling from all open sides and ends of the scaffold (except at the side next to the wall being laid) by the use of a personal fall arrest system or guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity). ## 1926.451(g)(1)(vii). For all scaffolds not otherwise specified in paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (g)(1)(vi) of this section, each employee shall be protected by the use of personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting the requirements of paragraph (g)(4) of this section. ## 1926.451(g)(2) Effective September 2, 1997, the employer shall have a competent person determine the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds. Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where the installation and use of such prote…

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# Each hoist shall be covered with insulated protective covers; ## 1926.451(f)(17)(iv) In addition to a work lead attachment required by the welding process, a grounding conductor shall be connected from the scaffold to the structure. The size of this conductor shall be at least the size of the welding process work lead, and this conductor shall not be in series with the welding process or the work piece; - 1926.451(f)(17)(v) If the scaffold grounding lead is disconnected at any time, the welding machine shall be shut off; and - 1926.451(f)(17)(vi) An active welding rod or uninsulated welding lead shall not be allowed to contact the scaffold or its suspension system. ## 1926.451(g) ## Fall protection. ## 1926.451(g)(1) Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level shall be protected from falling to that lower level. Paragraphs (g)(1) (i) through (vii) of this section establish the types of fall protection to be provided to the employees on each type of scaffold. Paragraph (g) (2) of this section addresses fall protection for scaffold erectors and dismantlers. Note to paragraph (g)(1): The fall protection requirements for employees installing suspension scaffold support systems on floors, roofs, and other elevated surfaces are set forth in subpart M of this part. 1926.451(g)(1)(ii). Each employee on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold shall be protected ## 1926.451(g)(1).(i). Each employee on a boatswains' chair, catenary scaffold, float scaffold, needle beam scaffold, or ladder jack scaffold shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system; Submit Feedback

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# Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cont.) ## 1926.1053(a)(20)( (viii) (cont.) Ladder safety devices, and related support systems, for fixed ladders shall conform to all of the following: - 1926.1053(a)(22)(i) They shall be capable of withstanding without failure a drop test consisting of an 18-inch (41 cm) drop of a 500-pound (226 kg) weight; - 1926.1053(a)(22)(ii) They shall permit the employee using the device to ascend or descend without continually having to hold, push or pull any part of the device, leaving both hands free for climbing; - 1926.1053(a)(22)(iii) They shall be activated within 2 feet (.61 m) after a fall occurs, and limit the descending velocity of an employee to 7 feet/sec. (2.1 m/sec.) or less; - 1926.1053(a)(22)(iv) The connection between the carrier or lifeline and the point of attachment to the body belt or harness shall not exceed 9 inches (23 cm) in length. - 1926.1053(a)(23) The mounting of ladder safety devices for fixed ladders shall conform to the following: - 1926.1053(a)(23)(i) Mountings for rigid carriers shall be attached at each end of the carrier, with intermediate mountings, as necessary, spaced along the entire length of the carrier, to provide the strength necessary to stop employees' falls. - 1926.1053(a)(23)(ii) Mountings for flexible carriers shall be attached at each end of the carrier. When the system is exposed to wind, cable guides for flexible carriers shall be installed at a minimum spacing of 25 feet (7.6 m) and maximum spacing of 40 feet (12.2 m) along the entire length of the carrier, to prevent wind damage to the system. - 1926.1053(a)(23)(iii) The design and installation of mountings and cable guides shall not reduce the design strength of the ladder. 1926.1053(a)(24) Submit Feedback

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# Fall protection systems and falling object protection - criteria and practices (cont.) Fall protection systems and falling object protection - criteria and practices D Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules Division 2 (3) Has the skill to climb ladders safely, as demonstrated through formal classroom training or on-the-job training, and performance observation; and (4) Performs climbing duties as a part of routine work activity. (i) Ladder safety systems. The employer must ensure: (1) Each ladder safety system allows the employee to climb up and down using both hands and does not require that the employee continuously hold, push, or pull any part of the system while climbing; (2) The connection between the carrier or lifeline and the point of attachment to the body harness or belt does not exceed 9 inches (23 cm); (3) Mountings for rigid carriers are attached at each end of the carrier, with intermediate mountings spaced, as necessary, along the entire length of the carrier so the system has the strength to stop employee falls; (4) Mountings for flexible carriers are attached at each end of the carrier and cable guides for flexible carriers are installed at least 25 feet (7.6 m) apart but not more than 40 feet (12.2 m) apart along the entire length of the carrier; (5) The design and installation of mountings and cable guides does not reduce the design strength of the ladder; and (6) Ladder safety systems and their support systems are capable of withstanding, without failure, a drop test consisting of an 18-inch (41-cm) drop of a 500-pound (227-kg) weight. (j) Personal fall protection systems. Body belts, harnesses, and other components used in personal fall arrest systems, work positioning systems, and travel restraint systems must meet the requirements of $1910.140. (k) Protection from falling objects. (1) The employers must ensure toeboards used for falling object protection: (i) Are erected along …

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# Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cont.) ## 1910.140(c)(13)(ii) (cont.) Personal fall arrest systems are rigged in such a manner that the employee cannot free fall more than 6 feet (1.8 m) or contact a lower level. A free fall may be more than 6 feet (1.8 m) provided the employer can demonstrate the manufacturer designed the system to allow a free fall of more than 6 feet and tested the system to ensure a maximum arresting force of 1,800 pounds (8 kN) is not exceeded. - 1910.140(d)(3) - Body belts. Body belts are prohibited as part of a personal fall arrest system. - 1910.140(e) - Positioning systems- - 1910.140(e)(1) - System performance requirements. The employer must ensure that each positioning system meets the following requirements: - 1910.140(e)(1)(i) General. All positioning systems, except window cleaners' positioning systems, are capable of withstanding, without failure, a drop test consisting of a 4-foot (1.2-m) drop of a 250-pound (113-kg) weight; - 1910.140(e)(1)(ii) - Window cleaners' positioning systems. All window cleaners' positioning systems must: - 1910.140(e)(1)(ii)(A) - Be capable of withstanding without failure a drop test consisting of a 6-foot (1.8-m) drop of a 250-pound (113-kg) weight; and - 1910.140(e)(1)(ii)(B) Limit the initial arresting force on the falling employee to not more than 2,000 pounds (8.9 kN), with a duration not exceeding 2 milliseconds and any subsequent arresting forces to not more than 1,000 pounds (4.5 kN). - 1910.140(e)(1)(iii) - Positioning systems, including window cleaners' positioning systems, that meet the test methods and procedures in appendix D of this subpart are considered to be in compliance with paragraphs (e)(1)(i) and (ii). 1910.140(e)(1)(iv) Submit Feedback

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# 1926.502 FALL PROTECTION SYSTEMS CRITERIA AND PRACTICES (cont.) ## 1926.502(d) "Personal fall arrest systems." (cont.) 1926.502(d)(4) Dee-rings and snaphooks shall be proof-tested to a minimum tensile load of 3,600 pounds (16 kN) without cracking, breaking, or taking permanent deformation. 1926.502(d)(5) Snaphooks shall be sized to be compatible with the member to which they are connected to prevent unintentional disengagement of the snaphook by depression of the snaphook keeper by the connected member, or shall be a locking type snaphook designed and used to prevent disengagement of the snaphook by the contact of the snaphook keeper by the connected member. Effective January 1, 1998, only locking type snaphooks shall be used. 1926.502(d)(6) Unless the snaphook is a locking type and designed for the following connections, snaphooks shall not be engaged: 1926.502(d)(6)(i) directly to webbing, rope or wire rope; 1926.502(d)(6)(ii) to each other; 1926.502(d)(6)(iii) to a dee-ring to which another snaphook or other connector is attached; 1926.502(d)(6)(iv) to a horizontal lifeline; or 1926.502(d)(6)(v) to any object which is incompatibly shaped or dimensioned in relation to the snaphook such that unintentional disengagement could occur by the connected object being able to depress the snaphook keeper and release itself. 1926.502(d)(7) On suspended scaffolds or similar work platforms with horizontal lifelines which may become vertical lifelines, the devices used to connect to a horizontal lifeline shall be capable of locking in both directions on the lifeline. 1926.502(d)(8) Horizontal lifelines shall be designed, installed, and used, under the supervision of a qualified person, as part of a complete personal fall arrest system, which maintains a safety factor of at least two. 1926.502(d)(9) Lanyards and vertical lifelines shall have a minimum breaking strength of 5,000 pounds (22.2 kN). 1926.502(d)(10) 1926.502(d)(10)(i) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(10)(ii) …