Working on a roof.
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Published by SALUSSafe Work Procedure: Working on a Roof
Document Number: [SWP-NUMBER] Revision Date: [DATE] Next Review Date: [NEXT REVIEW DATE] Department: [DEPARTMENT NAME]
1. Scope
This procedure covers the safe practices for working on roofs, including installation, maintenance, and repair activities. It applies to all employees and contractors working at heights on roofs, particularly those with unguarded edges or steep slopes.
This procedure is applicable in environments where fall hazards exist due to unprotected sides and edges, and where weatherproofing or other roofing activities are performed.
Consult related procedures such as the Fall Protection Plan and Emergency Response Plan in conjunction with this SWP.
2. Definitions
Control Zone An area on a roof where additional fall protection measures are required.
Safety Monitor A competent person responsible for recognizing and warning employees of fall hazards.
Travel Restraint System A system designed to prevent a worker from reaching an unguarded edge.
3. Responsibilities
3.1 Supervisors
- Ensure all workers are trained and competent in roof work and fall protection.
- Conduct regular inspections of the work area and equipment.
- Enforce compliance with this SWP and related safety regulations.
3.2 Workers
- Follow all safety procedures and use required PPE.
- Report any unsafe conditions or incidents to the supervisor immediately.
- Participate in safety training and pre-job briefings.
3.3 Health and Safety Representative
- Monitor compliance with safety procedures.
- Assist in the investigation of incidents and near-misses.
4. Potential Hazards and Risks
| Hazard | Risk | Control Measures |
|---|---|---|
| Falls from height | Serious injury or death | Use of guardrails, safety nets, or personal fall arrest systems [1] |
| Slipping or tripping | Minor to serious injury | Keep work area clean and free from debris [2] |
| Weather conditions | Reduced visibility or surface traction | Monitor weather conditions and cease work if unsafe [3] |
5. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Proper PPE is essential to ensure safety while working on roofs.
- Hard Hat - Protects against head injuries from falling objects.
- Safety Harness - Used with a fall arrest system to prevent falls.
- Non-slip Footwear - Provides traction on roof surfaces.
- Safety Glasses - Protects eyes from debris and glare.
- Gloves - Protects hands from cuts and abrasions.
Inspect PPE before use and maintain it according to manufacturer instructions.
6. Equipment and Tools
Using the right equipment and tools is crucial for safety.
- Ladders - Ensure they are stable and secure before use.
- Roof Anchors - Must be capable of supporting the required loads [3].
- Warning Lines - Erected to indicate safe work zones [4].
- Hoisting Equipment - Used for lifting materials safely to the roof [5].
- Safety Nets - Installed under work areas to catch falling workers or materials [4].
Inspect and maintain equipment regularly.
7. Pre-Job Requirements
7.1 Training and Competency
Workers must be trained in fall protection systems and roof work procedures.
7.2 Pre-Job Briefing
Conduct a briefing to discuss the scope of work, potential hazards, and safety measures.
7.3 Work Area Preparation
Ensure the work area is clean, and all safety systems are in place before starting work.
8. Safe Work Procedure Steps
Step 1: Accessing the Roof
Ensure safe access to the roof using ladders or scaffolding.
- Secure ladders at the top and bottom.
- Use scaffolding where necessary.
- Inspect access points for stability.
Step 2: Setting Up Fall Protection
Install and verify fall protection systems before beginning work.
- Set up guardrails or warning lines [4].
- Ensure personal fall arrest systems are properly anchored [3].
- Use a safety monitor if required [3].
Step 3: Performing Roof Work
Conduct roofing tasks while adhering to safety protocols.
- Keep tools and materials organized.
- Avoid working near edges without protection.
- Communicate with team members effectively.
9. Precautions and Safety Measures
- Weather Monitoring - Cease work during adverse weather conditions.
- Edge Awareness - Stay aware of roof edges and maintain a safe distance.
- Communication - Use clear signals and communication devices.
- Tool Management - Secure tools to prevent them from falling.
- Emergency Preparedness - Know the location of first aid kits and emergency exits.
10. Emergency Procedures
10.1 General Emergency Response
In case of an emergency, cease work immediately and follow the emergency response plan.
10.2 Specific Emergency Scenarios
- Fall Incident - Use fall arrest system to safely lower the worker.
- Severe Weather - Evacuate the roof and seek shelter.
- Injury - Provide first aid and contact emergency services.
10.3 Emergency Contact Information
[List of emergency contacts and their phone numbers]
11. Incident Reporting and Investigation
Report all incidents, near-misses, and hazards to the supervisor. Investigate incidents to determine causes and prevent recurrence.
12. References and Related Documents
- General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191) [3]
- Occupational Health and Safety Code [2]
- Safety and Health Regulations for Construction (OSHA) [1]
Approved by: [NAME AND POSITION] Date: [APPROVAL DATE]
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Sources used for this answer
[1] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
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- (a) be experienced in the work overseen and trained in the role of safety monitor, - (b) be present at all times when an employee is in the control zone, - (c) have complete authority over the work as it re -lates to the prevention of falls, - (d) be located so as to have a clear view of the work being performed by the employee, - (e) be able to communicate with the employees be -ing protected without needing to yell, - (f) be instantly distinguishable from other workers, - (g) engage in no other duties while acting as the safety monitor, and - (h) monitor a maximum of eight workers. - 105 (7) An employer shall ensure that no employee en -ters the control zone unless the employee is required to do so by reason of the employee's work duties. - 105 (8) The owner of a place of employment, employer and contractor shall each ensure a travel restraint system - (a) is rigged to prevent the employee from reaching an unguarded edge, - (b) is, subject to paragraph (c), attached to an an -chor point capable of supporting two times the maxi -mum load likely to be applied to it, or - (c) when it is used on a roof with a slope greater than 3 in 12, is attached to an anchor point that is ca -pable of withstanding a 22 kN force or, if used under the direction of a competent person, four times the maximum load that may be generated in the fallarresting system. 96-60; 2010-159 ## Weatherproofing of roof - 106 An employer shall ensure that an employee who is engaged in the weatherproofing of a roof that - a) est expérimenté dans la tâche qu'il supervise et a reçu une formation quant à son rôle de chargé de la sécurité; - b) est présent en tout temps lorsqu'un salarié se trouve dans le périmètre de sécurité; - c) possède les pleins pouvoirs au regard du travail en ce qu'il se rapporte à la prévention des chutes; - d) se positionne de telle sorte à avoir une bonne vue de la tâche que le salarié effectue; - e) est ca…
[2] Safety and Health Regulations for Construction (OSHA)
Page 87
Open source documentSource excerpt
## 29 CFR 1926 (OSHA) - (ii) Each employee reaching more than 10 inches (25 cm) below the level of the walking/working surface on which they are working, shall be protected from falling by a guardrail system, safety net system, or personal fall arrest system. NOTE: Bricklaying operations performed on scaffolds are regulated by subpart L-Scaffolds of this part. - (10) Roofing work on Low-slope roofs. Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each employee engaged in roofing activities on low-slope roofs, with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, safety net systems, personal fall arrest systems, or a combination of warning line system and guardrail system, warning line system and safety net system, or warning line system and personal fall arrest system, or warning line system and safety monitoring system. Or, on roofs 50-feet (15.25 m) or less in width (see appendix A to subpart M of this part), the use of a safety monitoring system alone [i.e. without the warning line system] is permitted. - (11) Steep roofs. Each employee on a steep roof with unprotected sides and edges 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems with toeboards, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems. - (12) Precast concrete erection. Each employee engaged in the erection of precast concrete members (including, but not limited to the erection of wall panels, columns, beams, and floor and roof 'tees') and related operations such as grouting of precast concrete members, who is 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems, unless another provision in paragraph (b) of this section provides for an alternative fall protection measure. Exception: When the employer can demonstrate that it is infeasible or creates a greater hazard to u…
[3] Occupational Health and Safety Code
Page 123
Open source documentSource excerpt
## Part 12 General Safety Precautions ## Housekeeping 185 An employer must ensure that a work site is kept clean and free from materials or equipment that could cause workers to slip or trip. ## Lighting 186 (1) An employer must ensure that lighting at a work site is sufficient to enable work to be done safely. 186 (2) An employer must ensure that a light source above a working or walking surface is protected against damage. - 186 (3) An employer must ensure that there is emergency lighting at a work site if workers are in danger if the normal lighting system fails. - 186 (4) Emergency lighting must generate enough light so that workers can - (a) leave the work site safely, - (b) start the necessary emergency shut-down procedures, and - (c) restore normal lighting. ## Pallets and storage racks 187 (1) An employer must ensure that pallets used to transport or store materials or containers are loaded, moved, stacked, arranged and stored in a manner that does not create a danger to workers. - 187 (2) An employer must ensure that racks used to store materials or equipment - (a) are designed, constructed and maintained to support the load placed on them, and - (b) are placed on firm foundations that can support the load. - 187 (3) A worker must report any damage to a storage rack to an employer as quickly as practicable. - 187 (4) The employer and the workers at a work site must take all reasonable steps to prevent storage racks from being damaged to the extent that their integrity as structures is compromised. ## Placement of roofing materials - 187.1 (1) An employer must ensure that supplies and roofing materials stored on the roof of a residential building under construction are located not less than 2 metres from a roof edge. - 187.1 (2) An employer must ensure that the weight of supplies and roofing materials referred to in subsection (1) is uniformly distributed.
[4] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
Page 115
Open source documentSource excerpt
that a safety net that meets the requirements of subsec -tion 49.8(2) is installed under the area where an em -ployee is working or a that a travel restraint system or fall-arresting system is used by the employee. 2010-159; 2022-27 ## Roofs ## Weatherproofing of roof 105 (1) An employer and a contractor shall each ensure that a warning line is - (a) not less than 2 m from the unguarded edge, - (b) has a minimum diameter of 10 mm, - (c) is suspended at a height of not less than 750 mm and not more than 900 mm, - (d) is supported by corner and intermediate posts sufficient to keep the line taut, and - (e) has readily visible markers placed every 1.5 m along the length of the line. 105 (2) Despite paragraph (1)(a), a warning line may be 1 m from an unguarded edge at the dump point for snow removal or when an employee is engaged in weatherproofing, provided adequate precautions are taken to ensure the safety of the employee. - 105 (3) An employer shall ensure that an employee who is working in the control zone uses another method of fall-protection in addition to the warning line. - 105 (4) When employees are engaged in weatherproof -ing, a safety monitor may be used as the means of fallprotection for employees working in the control zone. - 105 (5) The safety monitor referred to in subsection (4) shall ensure that tasks being performed in the control zone are performed in accordance with the fallprotection code of practice and in a manner that mini -mizes the potential for an employee to fall. - 105 (6) A safety monitor referred in subsection (4) shall s'assurent chacun que des filets de sécurité répondant aux exigences du paragraphe 49.8(2) sont installés audessous du lieu où travaille un salarié ou que ce dernier utilise un système de limitation du déplacement ou un système d'arrêt de chutes. 2010-159; 2022-27 ## Toits ## Imperméabilisation des toits…
[5] General Regulation (N.B. Reg. 91-191)
Page 118
Open source documentSource excerpt
## Hoisting apparatus used to raise materials to roof 2022-79 - 110 An employer shall ensure that guardrails, or a safety fence manufactured as part of a hoisting appara -tus, are installed in perimeter travel areas on a roof near the hoist areas and the dumping areas. 96-60; 2022-79 ## Openings ## Openings and fall prevention 111 (1) An owner of a place of employment, an em -ployer and a contractor shall each ensure that an opening on a work surface into which an employee may fall is guarded as follows: - (a) on all exposed sides by a guardrail; or - (b) by a protective covering that - (i) completely covers the opening, - (ii) is securely fastened, - (iii) is made from material adequate to support all loads to which the covering may be subjected, and - (iv) is marked as covering an opening. 111 (2) Despite subsection (1), if an opening is a hatch -way, chute, pit or trap-door the owner of the place of employment, an employer and the contractor shall each ensure that openings are guarded as follows: - (a) on all exposed sides by guardrails that are re -movable on not more than two sides and that are fixed on the other exposed sides; or - (b) by a flush hinged protective covering that - (i) completely covers the opening, - (ii) is securely fastened, - (iii) is of adequate strength, ## Appareils de levage pour monter des matériaux sur un toit 2022-79 110 L'employeur doit s'assurer que les garde-corps, ou une barrière de sécurité faisant partie d'un appareil de levage, sont installés dans les secteur du périmètre de dé -placement sur un toit près des secteurs de levage et de déversement. 96-60; 2022-79 ## Ouvertures ## Ouverture et prévention des chutes 111 (1) Le propriétaire d'un lieu de travail, l'em -ployeur et l'entrepreneur s'assurent chacun qu'une ou -verture sur une surface de travail à travers laquelle un salarié peut tomber est protégée par l'un des moyens sui -vants : - a) un gard…
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