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for a site attendance, what questions should be asked?

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Rosie's answer

Published by SALUS

During a site attendance or site visit, the key safety objective is to confirm that hazards have been identified, risks assessed, and effective controls implemented before and during the work. A strong site visit should test whether the work is planned, supervised, communicated, and carried out in compliance with the site safety program and applicable health and safety regulations. [4] [3]

Questions to ask on site should include:

  • What work is being carried out today, where is it taking place, and what are the main hazards associated with each task?
  • Has a task-specific risk assessment or hazard assessment been completed, reviewed, and communicated to the workforce?
  • Have higher-level controls been applied first, such as elimination, substitution, engineering controls, and administrative controls, before relying on PPE?
  • Are workers trained, competent, and authorized for the tasks they are performing, including any high-risk activities?
  • Is the work area in safe condition, including housekeeping, lighting, access/egress, and protection from slips, trips, falls, falling objects, excavation collapse, or moving plant?
  • Are emergency arrangements in place, understood, and suitable for the work, including rescue where required?
  • Are incidents, near misses, hazards, and unsafe conditions being reported promptly and investigated?
  • Are contractors complying with site rules, permit conditions, supervision requirements, and legal duties?
  • Are required permits in place for high-risk work such as confined space entry, hot work, excavation, isolation/lockout-tagout, or work at height?
  • Is the site meeting applicable occupational health and safety regulatory requirements on an ongoing basis?

[4] [14] For hazard identification and risk assessment, ask:

  • What physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, environmental, and task-related hazards are present?
  • Have atmospheric hazards been considered where applicable, such as oxygen deficiency, combustible gases or vapors, combustible dusts, and toxic gases or vapors?
  • Have non-atmospheric hazards been identified, such as electrical, mechanical, engulfment, entrapment, temperature extremes, noise, chemical contact, traffic, and falling materials?
  • Have changing site conditions been considered, such as weather, water accumulation, vibration, nearby traffic, adjacent structures, or other activities that could affect the risk level?
  • Who completed the assessment, when was it reviewed, and does it cover the actual work being observed today?

[17] [10] For control measures, ask:

  • What controls are in place to eliminate or reduce the identified hazards?
  • Have hazardous energy sources been isolated and locked out or tagged out where required?
  • Have spaces, lines, or equipment been drained, purged, flushed, blanked, capped, or otherwise made safe before work starts?
  • Is ventilation provided where needed, and is atmospheric testing or continuous monitoring being carried out?
  • Are barriers, warning signs, exclusion zones, and traffic controls in place to protect workers and others?
  • Are safe access, egress, lighting, communication methods, and rescue equipment available and suitable?
  • Are housekeeping standards being maintained so that waste, cords, debris, and materials do not create additional hazards?

[11] [8] [14] For PPE, ask:

  • Has appropriate PPE been identified based on the hazard assessment?
  • Were engineering and administrative controls considered before selecting PPE?
  • Have workers been trained in PPE use, care, fit, limitations, inspection, and replacement?
  • Is PPE being worn correctly and enforced by supervision?
  • Is damaged or worn PPE removed from service and replaced?
  • Do the tasks require specific eye, face, respiratory, hearing, hand, foot, head, body, fall protection, or high-visibility PPE?
  • If workers provide their own PPE, is it adequate for the hazards present?

[3] [1] [6] Examples of PPE-specific questions include:

  • Do workers perform hammering, cutting, grinding, sanding, masonry work, welding, or work in dusty or windy conditions that require eye and face protection?
  • Are safety glasses impact-resistant and fitted with side shields?
  • Are goggles tight-fitting and do they fully cover the eyes and surrounding area where needed?
  • Are respirators required, and if so, is there a compliant respiratory protection program in place?
  • For excavation or traffic-exposed work, are workers wearing suitable high-visibility and foot protection?

[1] [1] [1] [10] For permit to work, ask:

  • What permits are required for today's work, and are they current, authorized, and available at the point of work?
  • Does each permit clearly identify the location, purpose, date, duration, hazards, acceptable conditions, authorized workers, supervisor, attendants, and required controls?
  • Have pre-entry or pre-work checks been completed before the permit was signed?
  • Are additional permits required, such as hot work, confined space, excavation, or hazardous energy isolation permits?
  • Are permit conditions being maintained throughout the job, and is the permit suspended or cancelled if conditions change?

[5] [5] [15] For site induction, training, and competence, ask:

  • Has every worker, visitor, and contractor received a site induction before starting work?
  • Does the induction cover site hazards, restricted areas, emergency arrangements, reporting lines, welfare arrangements, PPE rules, permits, and site-specific procedures?
  • Are workers trained in the tasks they perform and in the hazards they may encounter?
  • Are training records available, current, and in a language workers understand?
  • Have workers been informed of permit-required spaces or other high-risk areas they must not enter without authorization?

[5] [5] [7] For emergency procedures and rescue, ask:

  • What are the site emergency procedures, and do workers know how to raise the alarm, summon help, and evacuate?
  • Who are the first aiders, rescue personnel, fire wardens, or emergency contacts, and how are they contacted?
  • Is rescue capability suitable for the hazards present, especially for confined spaces, excavations, or work at height?
  • Is emergency equipment available, inspected, and ready for use, including retrieval systems, rescue equipment, first aid supplies, fire extinguishers, and communication devices?
  • Has the rescue team been notified where required, and are attendants or standby personnel in place?
  • Have emergency and rescue procedures been reviewed with the work team before starting?

[4] [12] [10] For incident reporting and worker participation, ask:

  • Do workers know how to report hazards, near misses, injuries, unsafe conditions, and permit deviations?
  • Are all injuries reported immediately and investigated?
  • Are workers encouraged to stop work or refuse unsafe work if conditions could cause harm?
  • Are corrective actions tracked to completion and communicated back to the workforce?

[4] [4] For contractor compliance and coordination, ask:

  • Who is the host employer, controlling contractor, entry employer, and subcontractor, and are responsibilities clearly defined?
  • Have contractors been informed of site hazards, permit spaces, emergency arrangements, and site rules?
  • Are contractor employees trained, supervised, and authorized for the work they are doing?
  • Is there effective communication between the host, controlling contractor, and contractors about hazards and controls?
  • Are contractor activities creating additional risks for others on site, such as fumes, ignition sources, excavation instability, traffic conflicts, or blocked access?

[2] [16] [7] For regulatory health and safety compliance, ask:

  • Is there a documented safety program and is it being followed on site?
  • Have required assessments, inspections, permits, monitoring, and records been completed and retained?
  • Are supervisors enforcing safe systems of work, PPE use, and compliance with applicable regulations?
  • Are competent persons designated where required, such as for excavations or other high-risk work?
  • Are legal requirements for confined spaces, PPE, hazardous energy control, scaffolding, excavation, and emergency preparedness being met?

[4] [13] [9] A practical way to conduct a site visit is to ask these questions in sequence: what is the work, what can harm people, how severe and likely is that harm, what controls are in place, who is trained and authorized, what PPE is required, what permits are needed, what happens if something goes wrong, and how is compliance being verified. If those questions cannot be answered clearly at the point of work, the job should be paused until the risks are properly controlled. [11] [4]

17 source record(s)

Sources used for this answer

[1] Toolbox Talk: Confined Spaces

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# CONFINED SPACES (cont.) ## PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE RESCUE Adequate rescue services should be available during permit-required confined space operations (WAC 296-809-[redacted postal code]). There are two primary types of rescue for confined spaces. Entry and non-entry rescue. Non-entry rescue should be utilized whenever possible. Non-Entry Rescue: Retrieval systems should be used as a primary means of rescue when workers enter a permit space unless such equipment increases the overall risk of entry or when non-entry rescue is infeasible and entry rescue must be utilized. Retrieval systems must have a full-body harness and a retrieval line attached at the dorsal "D ring" near shoulder level or above the head. If harnesses are not feasible or would create a more significant hazard, wristlets may be used instead of the full-body harness. The retrieval line shall be firmly fastened outside the space so rescue can begin when retrieval becomes necessary. A mechanical device shall be available to retrieve personnel from vertical confined spaces more than five (5) feet deep. Entry Rescue: A Permit Required Confined Space (PRCS) rescue team is required to be available even when non-entry rescue is feasible. The PRCS entry rescue team requires specialized knowledge and training to perform rescue operations. When selecting a rescue team or service for PRCS entry rescue, the following evaluations shall be completed: • An initial evaluation to determine whether a potential rescue service or team is adequately trained and equipped to perform permit space rescues needed at the facility and whether such rescuers can respond promptly. • A performance evaluation is conducted to determine if the planned rescue methods are adequate to ensure authorized entrants' timely and efficient rescue. ## DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES <table><tr><th>Responsible</th><th>Requirements</th></tr><tr><td>All Employers</td><td>Identify all confined spaces in which their workers may work and …

[2] Confined Space Entry

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# Confined Space Entry (cont.) ## Safety Blog (cont.) After you are sure that the oxygen level is adequate and there is nothing combustible in the space, test for toxicity. Notify your supervisor if pretests find hazards that you cannot adequately protect against. Follow-up testing may be periodic or continuous, depending on specific conditions. Because the work being done within a permit space may also change air quality, continuous testing may be needed to ensure worker safety. ## Purge and Ventilate the Space Some confined spaces may contain water, sediment, hazardous atmosphere, or other unwanted substances. These substances generally must be purged, that is, pumped out or otherwise removed, before entry. Use ventilating equipment where possible. Ventilation should maintain an oxygen level between 19.5 percent and 23.5 percent and keep toxic gases and vapors within accepted levels prescribed by OSHA. Where the entrance is large enough, portable self-contained breathing devices should be used unless the atmosphere is ventilated or has been determined to have no potential atmospheric hazards. If the entrance to a potentially hazardous atmosphere is too small, an air line mask should be used with supplied air. If there is any danger of disconnecting the air line, a 5 to 15-minute escape respirator containing breathing air should be carried. You might also need eye and hearing protection and protective clothing. ## Rescue Procedures At least one person should remain outside to summon help or offer assistance. If the employer designates this attendant to perform rescue procedures in addition to monitoring the safety of the confined space entrant, he or she should be equipped with the necessary PPE and rescue equipment and trained in first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). He or she should maintain constant communication with those inside the space either visually, by radio, or by field telephone. If a situation arises that requires emergency entry,…

[3] Lockout/Tagout Sample Forms: Evaluation, Procedures, and Permit

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# Equipment-Specific Hazardous Energy Control Evaluation and Certification (cont.) Enter name of your company here # Safety Permit for Hazardous Energy Control (Lockout/Tagout) Work Operations Date of work activity: <empty> Permit issued to: Authorized employee name: <empty> Title: <empty> Company name (if outside contractor): <empty> Contact number: <empty> Date/Time issued: <empty> Date/Time permit expires: <empty> Work activity: <empty> Machine/equipment description: <empty> Work location: <empty> Personal protective equipment (PPE), as required: (also circle specific types within the parentheses) [ ] Face shield [ ] Ear plugs [ ] Hard hat [ ] Safety glasses [ ] Ear muffs [ ] Hood (chemical, thermal) [ ] Safety goggles [ ] Suit (rubber, thermal, Tyvek) [ ] Safety harness & line [ ] Filtering facepiece/N95 [ ] Respirator (dust, vapor, combination, full-face, half-face) [ ] Gloves (thermal) [ ] Gloves (latex, neoprene, nitrile, PVC, rubber) [ ] Rubber boots [ ] Shoes (steel-toed, electrical safety, slip-resistant) [ ] Additional PPE required: <empty> Energy control devices, as required: (also circle applicable activities within the parentheses) [ ] Disconnect [ ] Blocks [ ] Accident prevention tags [ ] Valves (close, block, blind) [ ] Lock devices (individual, group) [ ] Grounding means [ ] Lines (bleeding, blanking/blinding) [ ] Other: <empty> Other safety considerations, as required: (also circle applicable items within the parentheses) [ ] Confined space (requires additional permit) [ ] Fire hazards (fire extinguisher, area free of combustibles) [ ] Restrict area (barricade, safety tape) [ ] Welding (sparks, shield arcs) [ ] Safe access (ladder, aerial device, scissor lift) [ ] Other: <empty> Approval: Signature: <empty> Print name/title (i.e., Safety Manager, Supervisor): <empty> Date: <empty> [ ] Job complete [ ] Job incomplete Notes: <empty> The authorized worker holds this permit during the work activity and returns it to the approver after wo…

[4] Toolbox Talk: Preventing Falls From Scaffolding

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CPWR TOOLBOX RESEARCH AND TRAINING THE CENTER FOR CONSTRUCTION TALK # Preventing Falls from Scaffolding When scaffolds are not upright or used properly, falls can occur. Protecting workers from scaffold-related accidents would prevent many deaths and more than 4,000 injuries each year. ## Willie's Story Willie, a construction worker, fell 20 feet from an unsecured scaffold. He had been helping to install metal frames on the outer wall of a residential building when the accident happened. The leaning scaffold was not tied off and had been moving away from the building while Willie was working. He fell to the ground, hitting his head on the second story, and died. *Why did this tragedy happen? How could it have been prevented? - Have you ever fallen from scaffolding and been injured, or have you heard of anyone who has? If so, what happened? ## Remember This - Make sure scaffolding is properly tied off before beginning work. ➤ Always access the scaffolding using ladders, stair towers, or ramps. - Use only scaffold-grade lumber as scaffold planks. - Make sure guardrails and toeboards are installed on all scaffolding 10 or more feet above the ground. ➤ Check with your supervisor to make sure the scaffold is able to support four times the maximum intended load (including the weight of the scaffold). - Check with your supervisor to make sure the scaffold is level and plumb by using screw jacks on base plates and mudsills. ➤ Keep scaffold within 14 inches of the building. How can we stay safe today? What will we do at the worksite to prevent falls from scaffolding? 1. 2. OSHA Regulation: 1926.451 ©2017, CPWR-The Center for Construction Research and Training. All rights reserved. CPWR is the research and training arm of NABTU. Production of this document was supported by cooperative agreement OH 009762 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessari…

[5] MIOSHA Fact Sheet: Confined Space in Construction

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# Confined Space in Construction (cont.) ## Permit Required Confined Space Program (cont.) Page 2 Confined Space in Construction ## Permitting Process Before entry is authorized: • Each entry employer must prepare an entry permit. • The entry supervisor must sign the permit to authorize entry. • The completed permit must be available to all entrants and posted at the entry portal so pre- entry preparations can be confirmed. • The entry supervisor must terminate entry when the following occur: • Operations are completed. • Suspend or cancel operations when a condition that is not allowed arises. - Cancel the permit when a condition arises that is not covered under the permit and 1926.1205(e)(2). ## Entry Permit The entry permit must identify: • The permit space to be entered. • The purpose of the entry. • The date and duration of the entry permit. • The authorized entrants. • Means of detecting atmospheric hazards. • Names of person(s) currently as attendants. • Name of entry supervisor. • Hazards of the permit space to be entered. • The measures to eliminate or control the hazards before entry. • The acceptable entry conditions. · Results of tests and monitoring. • Communication to maintain contact with attendants and entrants. • Equipment needed; personal protective equipment (PPE), testing, rescue, communications, alarm. • Any other information necessary for employee safety. • Additional permits, such as for hot work. ## Training The employer must provide training to each employee whose work is regulated by this standard. The training must: • Be in a language they understand. • Before assigned any duties under this standard. • When there is a change in duties. • When there is a change in permit space operations that the employee has not been trained on. • Inadequacies in employees. • Knowledge or use of procedures. - The employer must maintain training records with employee names, dates, trainer names and be available…

[6] The Oregon OSHA Confined Space Rule Applicable to General Industry and Construction - Workbook

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# SAMPLE CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT Permit date: <empty> Work shift: [ ] 1st [ ] 2nd [ ] 3rd Expires: <empty> Time started: <empty> Permit space to be entered (name and location of space): <empty> Purpose of entry: <empty> ## Pre-entry checklist Do not enter this permit space until the following "needs action" conditions are corrected. [ ] OK [ ] Needs action Before entering the permit space, the supervisor or designee must notify the rescue team. IDLH conditions require at least one rescue team member located outside the space. A minimum of two employees must be assigned to work involving permit space entry. One employee must remain outside the permit space at all times. The surrounding area must be surveyed to show that it is free of hazards such as drifting vapors from tanks, piping, sewers, or vehicle exhaust. Those responsible for operation of the gas monitor have been trained. Gas monitor calibration tests and functional test (fresh air calibration) have been performed this shift on the gas monitor. The atmosphere will be continuously monitored while the space is occupied, if required by entry procedure. Identify potential hazards <table><tr><th>Possible atmospheric hazards</th><th>Yes</th><th>No</th><th>N/A</th></tr><tr><td>Lack of oxygen</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Combustible gases</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Combustible vapors</td><td>ப</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Combustible dusts</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Toxic gases/vapors</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4">Possible non-atmospheric hazards</td></tr><tr><td>Noise</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Chemical contact</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Electrical hazard</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Mechanical exposure</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Temperature extreme</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Engulfment</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Entrapment</…

[7] The Oregon OSHA Confined Space Rule Applicable to General Industry and Construction - Workbook

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# DIVISION 2, GENERAL INDUSTRY (cont.) ## [redacted phone] Confined Spaces (cont.) (6) Permit Entry. (a) Develop and implement procedures for issuing permits. Procedures must include how to: (A) Evaluate the hazards of the space. (B) Evaluate hazards of the work to be performed. (C) Identify safe entry conditions. (b) Entry permits must include the following information: (A) The space to be entered. (B) The purpose of the entry. (C) The date, start, and stop times of the permit. (D) The hazards of the space. (E) Acceptable entry conditions. (F) Results of initial tests and periodic monitoring performed to evaluate and identify the hazards and conditions of the space, or the period for continuous monitoring, accompanied by the names or initials of the testers and by an indication of when the tests were performed. (G) Appropriate measures used before entry to isolate the space and eliminate or control hazards. - Examples of appropriate measures include the de-energizing and lockout or tagging of equipment, and procedures for purging, inerting, ventilating, and flushing permit spaces. (H) Names of entrants and current attendants. (I) The signature of the original supervisor authorizing entry. (J) The current entry supervisor. (K) Communication procedures for entrants and attendants to maintain contact during the entry. (L) Equipment provided for safe entry, such as: (i) Personal protective equipment (PPE). (ii) Testing and monitoring equipment. (iii) Communications equipment. 11

[8] Safety and Health Regulations for Construction (OSHA 29 CFR 1926) - 1926.1204 - Permit-required confined space program

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# Isolating the permit space and physical hazard(s) within the space; (cont.) ## 1926.1204(d) (cont.) uses that equipment properly: 1926.1204(d)(1) Testing and monitoring equipment needed to comply with paragraph (e) of this section; - 1926.1204(d)(2) Ventilating equipment needed to obtain acceptable entry conditions; - 1926.1204(d)(3) Communications equipment necessary for compliance with §§ 1926.1208(c) and 1926.1209(e), including any necessary electronic communication equipment for attendants assessing entrants' status in multiple spaces; 1926.1204(d)(4) Personal protective equipment insofar as feasible engineering and work-practice controls do not adequately protect employees; Note to paragraph (d)(4). The requirements of subpart E of this part and other PPE requirements continue to apply to the use of PPE in a permit space. For example, if employees use respirators, then the respirator requirements in $ 1926.103 (Respiratory protection) must be met. - 1926.1204(d)(5) Lighting equipment that meets the minimum illumination requirements in $ 1926.56, that is approved for the ignitable or combustible properties of the specific gas, vapor, dust, or fiber that will be present, and that is sufficient to enable employees to see well enough to work safely and to exit the space quickly in an emergency; - 1926.1204(d)(6) Barriers and shields as required by paragraph (c)(4) of this section; 1926.1204(d)(7) Equipment, such as ladders, needed for safe ingress and egress by authorized entrants; 1926.1204(d)(8) Rescue and emergency equipment needed to comply with paragraph (i) of this section, except Submit Feedback

[9] Confined Space Permit Form

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# Confined Space Entry Assessment Form/Permit <table><tr><th colspan="6">Preparation</th></tr><tr><td>Yes</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td>Yes</td><td>N/A</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Entry area free of debris and objects</td><td></td><td></td><td>No compressed cylinders in space</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Warning barriers and signs in place</td><td></td><td></td><td>Host employer and/ or contractor notified</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Atmospheric monitoring conducted</td><td></td><td></td><td>Entry and emergency procedures reviewed</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Other hazards identified and isolated</td><td></td><td></td><td>Personnel have been trained</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Hot work permitted</td><td></td><td></td><td>Personnel informed of potential hazards</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Energy sources isolated/locked out</td><td></td><td></td><td>Electrical equipment is grounded</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Confined space drained and flushed</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> <table><tr><th></th><th></th><th colspan="4">Equipment Required</th></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Yes N/A</td><td>Yes</td><td>N/A</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Forced air or exhaust ventilation</td><td></td><td></td><td>Non-sparking tools used</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Ground fault interrupters (GFCI)</td><td></td><td></td><td>Low voltage lighting used</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Retrieval Equipment</td><td></td><td></td><td>Equipment rated for explosive atmospheres</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Fire Extinguishers</td><td></td><td></td><td>Communication Equipment</td></tr></table> <table><tr><th colspan="6">Personal Protective Equipment Required</th></tr><tr><td>Yes</td><td>N/A</td><td></td><td>Yes</td><td>N/A</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Hard Hat</td><td></td><td></td><td>Protective Clothing</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Eye/Face Protection</td><td></td><td></td><td>Hearing Pro…

[10] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Checklist

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# Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Checklist (cont.) <table><tr><th>12. If the employee provides his/her own PPE, is it adequate to protect the worker from hazards in the workplace?</th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr><tr><td>Eye and Face Protection (N/A )</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Comments</td></tr><tr><td>13. Do employees perform hammering, cutting, grinding, sanding and/or masonry work that produces or could produce particles/dust or debris?</td><td>ㅁㅁㅁ</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>14. Do employees handle chemicals that could splash into their eyes or face?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>15. Do employees work with wet or powdered cement?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>16. Do employees weld?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>17. Do employees work in dusty or windy conditions?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>If "yes" in response to any of the above eye and face protection questions, are the employees using appropriate PPE as applicable (i.e. safety glasses, goggles, welding shields, face shields, etc.)?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>18. Do safety glasses have frames constructed of plastic or metal with impact-resistant lenses?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>19. Do safety glasses have side shields?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>20. Do safety glasses and goggles completely cover the eyes, eye socket and area surrounding the eyes?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>21. Are goggles tight-fitting?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>22. Are welding shields made of fiberglass or vulcanized fiber with a filtered lens?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>23. Do the filter lenses have the appropriate shade number to protect against specific hazards of the welding work being performed?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>24. Is damaged, defective or worn eye/face protection properly discarded and replaced?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></…

[11] Toolbox Talk: Housekeeping

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CPWR TOOLBOX THE CENTER FOR CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH AND TRAINING TALK # Housekeeping Housekeeping refers to making sure materials are in good condition and keeping the areas we work in and walk in clean, orderly, sanitary, and dry. Bad housekeeping is dangerous at any time. It can lead to production delays, property damage, and higher costs. ## Sharon's Story Sharon, a carpenter, was doing framing for a custom-sized space on the second story of a house. A lot of wood pieces, scraps, and sawdust had accumulated around the sawhorses, power tools, cords, and piles of materials. When leaving for the day, she tripped over some of the items on the floor and fell down the stairwell, injuring her neck. - What could have been done to prevent this incident? - Does your worksite have a lot of lumber, debris, or flammable materials lying around? - How often are materials organized and placed where they belong? ## Remember This - Keep floors dry, clean, and clear of waste. - Keep workplaces well-lighted. - Keep hoses, power cords, and welding leads out of heavily travelled walkways or areas. - Keep materials away from openings, roof edges, excavations, and trenches. - Keep all work areas, walkways, and stairs in and around buildings or other structures clear. - Don't allow materials or garbage to build up. Remove unused materials. - Don't block emergency exits, fire equipment, or first aid stations. ➤ Don't store chemicals and gases near heat sources or electrical equipment. - Place, stack, or store materials and equipment where they will not cause injury to workers. - Provide separate, covered containers for collecting different wastes, such as trash, oily rags, dry rags, and flammable or hazardous materials (acids, harsh or harmful dusts, etc.). How can we stay safe today? What will we do at the worksite to promote housekeeping? 1. 2. OSHA Regulation: 1926.25 ©2017, CPWR-The Center for Construction Research and Training. All rights reserved. CPWR …

[12] Tailgate/Toolbox Topic: Excavation Safety

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# Excavation Safety (cont.) ## Access/Egress • [Describe means of access/egress, including use of ramps/steps in excavations and ramps/ladders every 25 ft. in trenches more than 4 ft. deep.] ## Inspection • [Provide the name of the competent person] will inspect the trench and protective systems daily, before the start of work and throughout the day as conditions change. These daily inspections include: - 0 Soil conditions and accumulation of water or anything else that would be indicative of a cave-in. - 0 Protective system integrity. ○ Hazardous atmospheres. - 0 [Describe other site-specific hazards and how they are abated.] • Employees are not allowed to enter the excavation unless cleared safe to do so by the competent person. ## Vehicular Traffic and Warning System • [Describe the warning vests/garments used by exposed employees.] • [Describe the warning system (e.g., barricades, hand or mechanical signals, stop logs) for mobile equipment operating adjacent to an excavation.] ## Hazardous Atmospheres [Describe how oxygen deficiency or other hazardous atmospheres will be tested and controlled in excavations greater than 4 ft. in depth.] • [Describe the emergency equipment (e.g., breathing apparatus, safety harness/line, basket stretcher, etc.) to be readily available.] ## Water Accumulation • Employees will not work in excavations where there is accumulated water unless the following precautions have been taken: [Describe precautions (for example, special support or shield systems, water removal pumps, the means of diverting water from entering excavations, use of harness and safety line, etc.).] ## Loose Rock/Soil • [Describe how employees are protected from loose rock/soil that could pose a hazard by falling from an excavation face (for example, scaling, protective barricades, etc.).] • Excavated materials or equipment that could fall into an excavation are kept at least 2 feet from the edge of the excavation unless the following retai…

[13] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Checklist

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# Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Checklist <table><tr><th>General PPE Requirements</th><th>Yes</th><th>No</th><th>Comments</th></tr><tr><td>1. Has a hazard assessment to identify and control physical and health hazards been completed? If not, perform a hazard assessment.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2. Have engineering and/or administrative controls been applied prior to the use of PPE? If not, apply them first if applicable and appropriate.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3. Has appropriate PPE that matches the hazard been identified and provided to employees for use?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4. Has the effectiveness of the PPE program been reviewed, updated and evaluated periodically?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5. Have employees been trained on the use and care of the PPE?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6. Have employees been trained on the limitations of the PPE?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>7. Is the PPE training documented and kept on file?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>8. Are supervisors enforcing the use of required PPE?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>9. Is PPE inspected regularly and properly maintained?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10. Is worn and damaged PPE removed from service and replaced?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>11. When the following type of PPE is necessary, is the employer providing and paying for the PPE as stated by the OSHA standard 1910.132? Metatarsal foot protection - Rubber boots with steel toes Non-specialty-toe footwear (i.e. steel toe shoes/boots) if the employer does not permit it to be worn off the job site Non-prescriptive eye protection Prescriptive eyewear inserts/lenses for full face respirators Goggles and face shields Firefighting PPE (i.e. helmet, boots, gloves, full gear, proximity suits, etc.) Hard hats Hearing protection Welding PPE</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></t…

[14] Toolbox Talk: Personal Protective Equipment

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# PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Date Posted: 09/03/2016 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is gear that can be worn to help minimize or eliminate injury. It can be worn to help prevent sudden injuries or injuries occur over time. It is very important the user understands the intended purpose of the PPE and verifies that it fits properly. that ## When to Wear PPE • Before you resort to PPE, you should first: • Use administrative controls • Implement Engineering Controls • Use local exhaust or general ventilation vs. a respirator • Control dust with a wet process vs. dry • Install sound reducing devices to mechanical equipment • When these other two means of protection are exhausted you then will need to select the appropriate PPE. - Often times PPE will be used in conjunction with administrative and engineering controls for added protection. ## BASIC TYPES OF PPE Head: Hard hat, welders cap Hearing: Earmuffs, ear plugs or canal caps Face/Eye: Safety glasses, face shield, safety goggles. Hand: Gloves for general use, chemical use, electrical work or hot work. Body: Chaps, leathers, coveralls Foot Protection: Leather boots, Safety toe/steel toe boots Personal Protective Equipment is gear that is worn to help minimize or eliminate injury. It is very important the user understands the intended purpose of the PPE, verifies that the PPE fits properly and is adequate for the work to be performed. Remember: PPE is the last line of defense against a hazard. LEARN MORE ## QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION • Does the PPE you wear to perform your work fit properly and is it in good working condition? What can be done in your work area to improve the use of PPE? • What improvements can be made to reduce the need for PPE? ## PRESENTER TIPS • Pre-read the Toolbox Talk. Your comfort level and confidence will be higher if you know your topic. Discuss related tasks, work areas or events that make the Toolbox Talk relevant to your job site. • Involve the workers …

[15] Trenching and Excavation

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# Trenching and Excavation (cont.) ## What should occur before beginning an excavation? (cont.) - Check areas near the site for potential hazards and sources that can impact the stability of the soil. Be aware that nearby vehicles and equipment can cause the soil to vibrate and then collapse. - Determine if nearby buildings or structures and their foundations may put pressure on the soil and affect the walls of the trench. - Test for hazardous gas, vapours, and dust before entering. Test for oxygen levels in the space before entering, and during the work as required. - Plan appropriate organization of the work site, and good housekeeping practices including moving debris and excavated soil far enough away from the excavation site. - Remove water from the excavation. - Protect workers from falling into the excavation. - Identify appropriate personal protective equipment including high visibility apparel for vehicular traffic and make sure every worker wears them as required. - Have a worker above ground when a worker is working in the trench to warn those in the trench of danger and to provide emergency help. - Determine if the trench is considered a confined space If so, do not allow workers to enter the trench until the requirements of the organization's confined space program are met, including entry permits and training. - Prepare work permits for work in confined spaces, as appropriate. - Have a means of exit provided from the inside of the trench, usually no more than 8m (25 ft) away from any worker in the trench. - Plan for adverse weather conditions (e.g. hot or cold environments, storms, etc.). - Prepare an emergency plan and rescue procedures. - Keep first aid equipment at the site. - Educate and train workers about all existing and potential hazards and risks and appropriate safety measures. ## What factors determine what is the appropriate protective system to use? In general, trenches that are 1.2 metres (4 feet) deep or great…

[16] Toolbox Talk: Health and Safety Responsibilities

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# HEALTH AND SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES Date Posted: 09/09/2016 To provide and maintain a safe and healthy worksite, owners, contractors, employers, supervisors, and workers must accept and follow their own level of responsibility. ## HEALTH AND SAFETY TIPS • Understand and follow the safety program and jobsite work procedures. • Wear appropriate clothing and use all required personal protective equipment. • Not take unnecessary risks and not endanger other workers through practicaljokes or horseplay. • Not use any broken tools or unsafe equipment; unsafe tools and equipment must be removed from service. • Stay off the worksite if impaired by drugs (medical or illegal) or alcohol or allow others to do so. • Refuse - to carry out any work activity that could result in harm to themselves or any other employee. • Maintain good housekeeping conditions • Report all injuries immediately to first aid, the supervisor, or the employer. ## LEARN MORE ## SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES • All workers are familiar with and follow the company safety program. • Workers are properly trained and follow safe jobsite work procedures, and the applicable work and safety regulations. • The jobsite is evaluated and hazards are eliminated. If hazards are not controlled, the employer must develop special work procedures to prevent the risk worker injury or disease. of • Workers wear appropriate clothing and the required personal protective equipment. • Appropriate tools, equipment, and materials are available and used. • Emergency jobsite procedures are developed and made known to workers. ## EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITIES • Develop, implement, and maintain a safety program designed to prevent injuries and disease in the workplace. • Evaluate worksite hazards and take necessary steps to protect workers • Plan the work to be done, ensuring that the right tools, equipment, and materials are available when needed. • Ensure that supervisors train workers in safe work practice…

[17] OSHA Fact Sheet - Confined Spaces in Residential Construction

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# Confined Spaces in Residential Construction (cont.) ## Host/Controlling Employer Obligations (cont.) The multi-employer communication requirements only apply to host employers with employees who work at the worksite, regardless of when those workers are at the site and only apply to permit-required confined spaces. In addition, beyond this duties discussed above, host employers and controlling contractors are not responsible for compliance with the permit- required confined space program provisions of the standard if they have no reason to anticipate that the employees they direct will enter a permit-required confined space. ## Entry Employer Obligations Inform employees: If a workplace contains a permit-required confined space, the entry employer must inform workers in the vicinity of each space of the location and danger posed by that space. This can be done by posting and positioning warning signs at each possible point of entry, or by other equally effective means. The employer must also either take steps to prevent its employees from entering that space or ensure that entry only occurs through a permit program or as otherwise allowed by the standard (alternative entry procedures). Personal Protective Equipment: Entry employers allowing an employee to enter a permit space must attempt to eliminate or isolate the hazards in the space. When engineering and work- practice controls do not adequately protect employees, they must assess the space to determine what personal protective equipment (PPE) is needed to protect workers. Entry employers must provide workers with the required PPE and proper training on its use and about any related hazards before the work starts. Training: The standard requires employers to ensure that their workers know about the existence and location of, and dangers posed by, each permit-required confined space, and that they may not enter such spaces without authorization. Entry employers must train workers involved in permit- requi…

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