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Write a risk assessment for Job hazard analysis

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A compliant risk assessment and JHA/JSA process should systematically identify hazards, evaluate the risk of each task step, select controls using the hierarchy of controls, communicate the findings before work begins, and document both the assessment and the mitigation actions taken. A JHA is used to review a job, identify potential hazards, and design actions and procedures to eliminate or control them. It should be treated as a living document and updated when conditions, equipment, personnel, or work methods change. [1] [2] [1]

  1. Select and prioritize the jobs to analyze first. Give priority to tasks with injury history, high severity potential, new or modified work, infrequent or non-routine work, permit-required work, and jobs with difficult-to-control hazards or near misses.
  2. Involve the right people. Include the employees who perform the work, supervisors, and safety personnel so the analysis reflects actual field conditions and practical controls.
  3. Break the job into clear task steps. Observe the work being performed, list each step in sequence, and verify the steps with the workers doing the job.
  4. Identify hazards at each step. Consider obvious and less visible hazards such as struck-by, caught-in/between, falls, electrical, chemical, ergonomic, environmental, and behavioral factors; also identify who may be exposed, what could go wrong, what triggers the hazard, and contributing conditions.
  5. Evaluate risk for each hazard by considering severity and likelihood/probability, then assign a risk level or priority so the most serious hazards are addressed first.
  6. Determine controls for each hazard using the hierarchy of controls, starting with elimination and working downward only as needed. Use combinations of controls where one measure alone is not sufficient.
  7. Document the selected controls, responsible persons, implementation dates, and any interim precautions required before permanent controls are completed.
  8. Brief the crew before starting work, communicate site-specific hazards and controls, and repeat the briefing if conditions change.
  9. Verify effectiveness in the field, monitor whether controls are working, ensure they do not create new hazards, and revise the JHA/risk assessment as needed.

[16] [1] [7] For OSHA alignment, the hazard assessment must determine whether hazards are present or likely to be present and whether PPE is necessary. OSHA 29 CFR 1910\.132(d)(1\) requires employers to assess the workplace for hazards that necessitate PPE. The documents also emphasize that hazard assessments for PPE must be documented and certified, and that any new PPE requirements should be incorporated into the written safety program. In practice, this means the JHA/risk assessment should clearly show the task, hazards, body parts at risk where relevant, severity, probability, risk code/priority, selected controls, PPE required, assessor, date, and approval or implementation status. [2] [10] [15]

Risk evaluation and prioritization:

  • Use a severity-versus-probability method for each task step. Severity may range from fatal/permanent disability to no injury; probability may range from frequent to extremely improbable.
  • Assign a risk priority code or equivalent rating such as high, medium, or low.
  • High risk: stop or suspend the work until the hazard is eliminated, controlled, or reduced.
  • Medium risk: the hazard is unacceptable and controls must be implemented as soon as possible.
  • Low risk: limited additional action may be needed, but verify whether any OSHA or other regulatory requirement still mandates protection.

[10] [12] [7] Applying the hierarchy of controls:

  1. Elimination: remove the hazard entirely, such as redesigning the work so it is done from the ground instead of at height or deciding the task does not need to be performed in that manner.
  2. Substitution: replace the hazard with a less hazardous process, material, tool, or method, such as using a scissor lift instead of a ladder or replacing a solvent-based product with a safer alternative.
  3. Engineering controls: isolate people from the hazard through physical changes such as machine guards, enclosures, ventilation, guardrails, or work platforms.
  4. Administrative controls: change the way work is organized or performed through procedures, permits, training, scheduling, restricted access, inspections, signage, maintenance, and written safe work practices.
  5. PPE: use hazard-specific protective equipment only after higher-level controls have been considered, and as supplemental or temporary protection when needed.

[3] [4] [9] Do not rely on PPE as the primary control when feasible higher-order controls are available. Engineering controls are preferred over administrative controls and PPE, and PPE should be limited to situations where other controls are not practicable, are still being installed, are insufficient by themselves, or where temporary/emergency conditions exist. More than one control method may be necessary for a single hazard, and the chosen controls must be reviewed to confirm they are effective and do not introduce new hazards. [11] [5] [6]

Documentation and mitigation records should include at minimum:

  • Job or work activity, location, date, assessor(s), and affected crew or department
  • Task steps in sequence
  • Hazard description for each step, including source and persons/body parts at risk where applicable
  • Potential consequences or harm
  • Severity, likelihood/probability, and resulting risk level or priority
  • Existing controls already in place
  • Recommended or required additional controls, listed in hierarchy-of-controls order
  • Required PPE, if any, matched to the specific hazard
  • Responsible person for each action and target completion date
  • Verification that controls were implemented, communicated, and reviewed for effectiveness
  • Certification/sign-off of the hazard assessment where PPE determinations are made

[8] [7] [14] A practical OSHA/OHS-compliant procedure is to integrate the JHA/JSA with pre-job planning and field-level review. Before work, complete the formal assessment and safe work procedure. At the job site, hold a site-specific briefing with the crew, review the JHA, identify any new hazards not captured in the original analysis, confirm controls and PPE, and stop to reassess whenever conditions change. This is especially important for new workers, changed tasks, rarely performed jobs, and permit-required activities such as confined space or hot work. [1] [1] [13]

To document mitigation actions effectively, record not only the hazard and proposed control, but also whether the action is interim or permanent, who is accountable, when it must be completed, and how effectiveness will be verified. The final output of the JHA should be safe written procedures workers can follow, incorporated into the organization’s safety program. Follow-up inspections, incident reviews, and worker feedback should be used to confirm controls remain adequate over time. [11] [3] [6]

16 source record(s)

Sources used for this answer

[1] The ABCs of construction site safety

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# THE ABCS OF CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY (cont.) ## Safety committees – Division 1, [redacted phone](7) (cont.) THE ABCS OF CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY Job Hazard Analysis Job hazard analysis - or JHA - is an industry best practice method of identifying, assessing, and controlling hazards associated with a specific job. A JHA breaks a job down into tasks; each task is evaluated to determine if there is a better, safer way to do it. A job-hazard analysis works well for jobs with difficult-to-control hazards and jobs with histories of accidents or near misses. JHAs for complex jobs can take a considerable amount of time and expertise to develop. You may want to enlist the help of a safety professional. Most Oregon OSHA rules do not specifically require a JHA. However, employers are required to take the necessary steps to ensure that jobs are safe and healthful. A JHA helps fulfill this requirement. Employers applying for Oregon OSHA's Safety and Health Achievement Recognition Program (SHARP) and the Voluntary Protection Program (VPP) conduct JHAS. Key steps in a JHA: . Prepare: Review accident histories, involve employees, conduct risk assessment, and prioritize jobs based on hazardous exposures. Often, jobs need to be broken into tasks to better analyze the steps involved. - Observe the task and list the steps required to accomplish it. • Identify hazards in each step. . Categorize hazards into the following types: struck-by, struck-against, contact-by, contact-with, caught-on, caught-in, caught-between, fall-to-surface, fall-to-below, overexertion, bodily reaction, and overexposure. • Develop hazard controls (engineering controls, management controls, personal protective equipment (PPE), and/or interim measures). • Write a safe job procedure. 26

[2] Hazard and Risk - Risk Assessment

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# How is a risk assessment done? (cont.) ## Field-level Risk Assessment (cont.) The purpose of a field-level risk assessment is to identify, assess, and manage hazards and risks in real-time or on-site as work progresses, with a focus on ensuring the safety of workers. Field- level risk assessments are often completed in addition to formal risk assessments that have already been done before that specific day. Field-level risk assessments can also supplement safety meetings with teams as you work together through a common task, highlighting hazards and control measures that are currently in place. It can also be a good opportunity to brainstorm additional controls or better ways to complete the task. These risk assessments can help continue the safety conversation and avoid complacency. Similar to other risk assessments, each step of the task should be written down and hazards identified. The risk of each hazard can then be assessed based on the likelihood and severity of harm. Then, the team will determine if the current controls in place are adequate, or if further measures are needed prior to work beginning. An example of a table that may assist with a field- level risk assessment is shown in Table 4. Risk matrices similar to those in Table 2 or Table 3 can also be used to assess the risk for each hazard. Table 4: Field-level risk assessment Job or work activity being assessed: <table><tr><th>Step/task description</th><th>Hazards</th><th>Risk</th><th>Priority</th><th>Current controls</th><th>Recommended controls</th></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> ## What are methods of hazard control? Once you have established the priorities, the organization can decide on ways to control each specific hazard. Hazard control methods are often grouped into the following categories: - Elimination. - Substitution. - Engineering controls. - Administrative controls. …

[3] Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

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# Identifying the job for analysis - Any job or task that meets any of the following conditions should also have a JHA conducted for it: - New people doing the task, • Tasks that have changed, • Rarely performed jobs, · Any job done under a "safety permit" confined space permit, hot work permit, etc.

[4] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guide

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# Option 2 <table><tr><th></th><th></th><th colspan="5">Job Hazard Analysis Matrix</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Severity of Injury</td><td colspan="5">Probability of an Accident Occurring</td></tr><tr><td>Level</td><td>Description</td><td>A Frequent</td><td>B Several Times</td><td>C Occasional</td><td>D Possible</td><td>E Extremely Improbable</td></tr><tr><td>I</td><td>Fatal or Permanent Disability</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>||</td><td>Severe Illness or Injury</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>2233</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>III</td><td>Minor Injury or illness</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>2-3</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>IV</td><td>No Injury or Illness</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr></table> <table><tr><th colspan="3">Risk Priority</th></tr><tr><td>Code</td><td>Risk Level</td><td>Action Required</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>High</td><td>Work activities must be suspended immediately until hazard can be eliminated or controlled or reduced to a lower level.</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Medium</td><td>Job hazards are unacceptable and must be controlled by engineering, administrative, or personal protective equipment methods as soon as possible.</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Low</td><td>No real or significant hazard exists. Controls are not required but may increase the comfort level of employees.</td></tr></table> 3. Take action on the assessment. Depending on the assigned Risk Level/Code (or Risk priority), take the corresponding action according to the table above: • If Risk priority is LOW (3) for a task step → requires no further action. - Note: If you assign a risk code of 3, be sure that there isn't a WISHA standard that requires specific protection be provided. For example: WAC 296-24-[redacted postal code] requires personal protective equipment when using compressed air for cleaning. - If Risk priority is MEDIUM (2) → select and implement appropriate controls. • If Risk priori…

[5] Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

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# Eliminating or controlling hazards - After you have identified the jobs and evaluated its sub-tasks and hazards, you will need to identify ways to eliminate or control these hazards. - The best method is eliminate the hazard at the source. - If elimination is not possible, control the hazard at its source with engineering controls or limit worker exposure using administrative controls. - If those two methods are not enough to remove or reduce the worker exposure to acceptable levels, then personal protective equipment must be used. - Personal protective equipment can also be used temporarily while engineering controls are installed.

[6] Hazard and Risk - Hierarchy of Controls

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# Enclosure and Isolation (cont.) ## Good Housekeeping (cont.) Being prepared for emergencies means making sure that the necessary equipment and supplies are readily available and that employees know what to do when something unplanned happens such as a release, spill, fire, or injury. These procedures should be written and employees should have the opportunity to practice their emergency response skills regularly. Please see the OSH Answers document on emergency_planning for more information. ## Personal Hygiene Practices and Facilities Personal hygiene practices are another effective way to reduce the amount of a hazardous material absorbed, ingested, or inhaled by a worker. Examples of personal hygiene practices include: - Washing hands after handling material and before eating, drinking or smoking. - Avoiding touching lips, nose, and eyes with contaminated hands. - No smoking, drinking, chewing gum or eating in the work areas - these activities should be permitted only in a "clean" area. - Not storing hazardous products in the same refrigerator as food items. Please see the OSH Answers documents on Workplace Housekeeping, Hand Washing: Reducing the Risk of Common Infections and Good Hygiene Practices - Reducing the Spread of Infections and Viruses for more information. ## What should I know about personal protective equipment (PPE) as a hazard control method? Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to anything workers wear to help protect them from workplace hazards. The use of PPE as the main method to control exposures should be limited to situations where elimination, substitution, engineering, or administrative controls are not practicable, or when: - Additional protection is required because other control methods are not sufficient to reduce the hazard - The hazard is a result of a temporary or emergency condition PPE limits exposure to the harmful effects of a hazard but only if the PPE is worn and used correctly. Examples of PPE inclu…

[7] Hazard and Risk - Hierarchy of Controls

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# Enclosure and Isolation (cont.) ## What should I know about personal protective equipment (PPE) as a hazard control method? (cont.) - Skin protection (e.g., coveralls, aprons, full body suits) - Gloves - Eye protection (e.g., face shield, goggles) - Foot protection - Hearing protective devices (e.g., ear plugs, ear muffs) The choice of what type of PPE is required must be based on the specific hazard found at the workplace. No matter which type of PPE is used, it is essential to have a complete PPE program in place. For more information about PPE programs, please see the following document Designing an Effective PPE Program. ## Can more than one control method be used or followed? Yes. Sometimes a hazard cannot be controlled using a single type of control method. If a hazard cannot be eliminated, a combination of controls may be required. For example: - Using a scissor lift instead of a ladder (substitution). Workers should be trained on the safe use of the equipment and follow safe work procedures (administrative controls). When working at heights, workers should also use PPE, including a full body harness and lanyard attached to an anchor point, there is a risk of injury from falling. - Driving in the winter for work. Controls may include not driving during extreme winter weather (elimination), determining if there are any other options for driving, such as public transit (substation), use of winter tires (engineering), and driver training (administrative). ## Should the adequacy of controls be reviewed or evaluated? Yes. It is important to determine the effectiveness of the control methods implemented and adjust as required. Controls must not create new hazards. For example, if wearing PPE contributes to other hazards (e.g., heat stress), then it is important to review if other control methods are possible or if additional precautions are needed. Monitor both the hazard and the control method to make sure that the control is working effectively…

[8] FATALITY INVESTIGATION REPORT: Asphalt Plant Supervisor Dies after Falling down a Drag Slat Conveyor

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# POST-INCIDENT CORRECTIVE ACTIONS TAKEN BY EMPLOYER (cont.) ## RECOMMENDATIONS/DISCUSSION (cont.) WASHINGTON State FACE Program Fatality Assessment & Control Evaluation FACE Occupational Safety and Health National Institute for NIOSH® engineering controls are preferred over administrative or personal protective equipment (PPE). Last, the results of JHAS should be documented in the form of safe and effective written procedures that workers can follow and these procedures should be incorporated into their existing APP. According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), "controlling exposures to occupational hazards is the fundamental method of protecting workers. Traditionally, a hierarchy of controls has been used as a means of determining how to implement feasible and effective control solutions." Most Hierarchy of Controls effective Elimination Physically remove the hazard Substitution Replace the hazard Engineering Isolate people Controls from the hazard Administrative Change the way Controls people work PPE Protect the worker with Personal Protective Equipment Least effective The concept behind the hierarchy of controls is a systematic approach to eliminating or reducing risks. The steps used to achieve this are ranked in sequential order from the most effective (elimination of the hazard) to the least effective (use of PPE, such as a personal fall arrest system). The employer and maintenance crew had identified the hazards associated with the conveyor. The workers used an administrative control in the form of LOTO and PPE in the form of personal fall protection during the planned maintenance. Because the work area above the conveyor cover did not have a work platform, the employer required workers to use fall protection when doing this task. If a thorough JHA had been applied to this task, involving management and crew and consulting the hierarchy of controls, it should have identified the safe engineering control for …

[9] Toolbox Talk: Hierarchy of Hazard Controls

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# HIERARCHY OF HAZARD CONTROLS ELIMINATION SUBSTITUTION ENGINEERING CONTROLS ADMINIGOLS TIVE PPE MOTIVE LESS EFFECTIVE Date Posted: 02/17/2024 The hierarchy of hazard controls pyramid is a systematic workflow to provide the most effective control measure for workplace hazards. The tool is used worldwide and prescribes a method to always begin with eliminating any hazards you identify in the workplace. The hierarchy of controls is helpful to aid workers in identifying the most effective way to control a particular hazard. Employers can use the hierarchy of controls to ensure they take the most effective measures to protect their employees from hazards. When faced with a specific hazard in the workplace, use the hierarchy of hazard control as a step-by-step process to determine the best action for controlling or eliminating the hazard. The hierarchy of controls is also helpful for developing a hazard control plan, where you can implement the selected controls in the workplace. The hierarchy of controls is an inverted pyramid with five levels, from most effective to least effective: • Elimination - The physical removal of the hazard. • Substitution - Replacing something that produces a hazard. • Engineering Controls - Isolate people from the hazard. • Administrative Controls - Change the way people work. • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - Protect the workers with personal protective equipment (PPE). ## WHAT IS A HAZARD? A hazard can be an object, a material, a substance, a condition, a process, or even a behavior. Some examples are falling from rooftops or heights, unguarded tools or machinery, being struck by heavy equipment, being caught in between hazards (such as unprotected trench or excavation), temperature extremes, and exposed electrical circuits or parts that may cause shock or electrocution. ## HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT ACTIONS Below are some hazard identification and assessment actions that should regularly be undertaken: • Id…

[10] Hazard and Risk - Sample Risk Assessment Form

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# What is a sample risk assessment form? (cont.) ## Sample Risk Assessment Form (cont.) <table><tr><th>Step or task</th><th>Hazard</th><th>Consequences or harm</th><th>Risk</th><th>Priority</th><th>Hazard Controls</th></tr><tr><td>EXAMPLE: Working at heights while on a ladder</td><td>Safety hazard: falling from heights</td><td>Serious injury due to a fall</td><td>High risk</td><td>1</td><td>Follow the hierarchy of controls for working at heights Elimination: when possible, perform work from the ground. Engineering controls: use an elevating work platform when appropriate. Administrative controls:</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>development of fall protection plans, safe work procedures, emergency response plans for working at heights, and adequate training (including working heights and fall protection training, elevating work platform training, ladder safety, training on safe work procedures and emergency response, etc.). Personal protective equipment: fall arrest system and equipment, head protection, high-visibility. clothing, protective footwear, face and eye protection, emergency response equipment, and other appropriate equipment for the job.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> Hazard and Risk - Sample Risk Assessment Form CCOHS

[11] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guide

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# Option 2 <table><tr><th colspan="7">Job Hazard Analysis Matrix</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Severity of Injury</td><td colspan="5">Probability of an Accident Occurring</td></tr><tr><td>Level</td><td>Description</td><td>A Frequent</td><td>B Several Times</td><td>C Occasional</td><td>D Possible</td><td>E Extremely Improbable</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Fatal or Permanent Disability</td><td>1</td><td></td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Severe Illness or Injury</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>III</td><td>Minor Injury or illness</td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>2-3</td><td>3</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>IV</td><td>No Injury or illness</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>3</td><td>3</td></tr></table> c. Assign a RISK PRIORITY CODE (1, 2, or 3) to the task step based upon the severity and probability assessments on the matrix. For example, a Severity of "III" and a Probability of "B" gives a Risk Code of "2" (look at where they intersect). ## 3. Take Action on the Assessment: <table><tr><th colspan="3">Risk Priority</th></tr><tr><td>Risk Code</td><td>Risk Level</td><td>Action Required</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>High</td><td>Stop work activities immediately until hazard can be eliminated, controlled, or reduced to a lower level.</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Medium</td><td>Job hazards are unacceptable and must be controlled by engineering, work practice, administrative, and/or PPE methods as soon as possible.</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Low</td><td>No real or significant hazard exists. Controls are not required but may increase employees' comfort level.</td></tr></table> If the risk priority code is • LOW (3) for a task step then it requires no further action. Note: If you assign a risk code of 3, be sure that there isn't a WISHA standard that requires specific protection be provided. For example: WAC 296-24- [redacted postal code] requires personal protective equipment when using compressed air for cleaning. • MEDIUM (2…

[12] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guide

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# Option 2 # Job Hazard Analysis for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Assessment Job/Task: Location: <table><tr><th>Job/Task Step</th><th>Hazard Type</th><th>Hazard Source</th><th>Body Parts At Risk</th><th>Severity</th><th>Probability</th><th>Risk Code</th><th>Control Method¹</th></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> (1) Note: Engineering, work practice, and/or administrative hazard controls such as guarding must be used, if feasible, before requiring employees to use personal protective equipment. Certification of Assessment *Name of work place: <empty> *Address: <empty> *Assessment Conducted By: <empty> Title: <empty> *Date(s) of Assessment: <empty> Implementation of Controls Approved By: <empty> Title: <empty> Date: <empty> Page 24 24 24

[13] Hazard and Risk - Hierarchy of Controls

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CCOHS CCHST Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail Hazard and Risk # Hazard and Risk - Hierarchy of Controls ## On this page What is the hierarchy of controls? What is meant by elimination? What is substitution? What are examples of engineering control methods? What are examples of administrative controls? What should I know about personal protective equipment (PPE) as a hazard control method? Can more than one control method be used or followed? Should the adequacy of controls be reviewed or evaluated? ## What is the hierarchy of controls? The hierarchy of controls is a step-by-step approach to eliminating or reducing workplace hazards. It ranks controls from the most effective level of protection to the least effective level of protection. When choosing a control method, start from the top of the inverted pyramid. Assess the feasibility of the first layer of controls (elimination) before moving on to the second layer (substitution). Continue this process until you reach the bottom of the pyramid and have identified as many controls as needed to adequately protect the worker from the hazard. The hierarchy of controls is shown in the graphic below. Hazard and Risk - Hierarchy of Controls CCOHS

[14] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guide

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# Option 2 # SAMPLE 1 Job Hazard Analysis for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Assessment Job/task: Mill Operator, Mill operator helper Location: Milling room <table><tr><th>Job/Task Step</th><th>Hazard Type</th><th>Hazard Source</th><th>Body Parts At Risk</th><th>Severity</th><th>Probability</th><th>Risk Code</th><th>Control Method*</th></tr><tr><td>Bridgeport Mill Operator</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>-Insert stock to chuck</td><td>penetration</td><td>moving cutter</td><td>fingers</td><td>I</td><td>с</td><td>1</td><td>Turn off cutter when changing stock</td></tr><tr><td>-Processing material</td><td>impact</td><td>flying metal chips</td><td>eyes, face</td><td>II</td><td>B</td><td>1</td><td>install clear guard and require safety glasses</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>penetration</td><td>moving cutter</td><td>fingers</td><td>I</td><td>с</td><td>1</td><td>install clear cutter guard</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>noise (86 dBA)</td><td>motor/cutter</td><td>ears</td><td>II</td><td>с</td><td>2</td><td>require ear plugs or muffs</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>chemical irritation</td><td>cutting fluid</td><td>hands</td><td>III</td><td>B A</td><td>z</td><td>switch to non-allergenic cutting fluid</td></tr><tr><td>- remove stock</td><td>penetration</td><td>metal shavings attached to stock</td><td>hands</td><td>III</td><td>с</td><td>3</td><td>be attentive to work</td></tr><tr><td>Mill Operator's Helper</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>- bring / take pallet of stock to from the milling machine</td><td>crush</td><td>rolling/falling stock</td><td>feet</td><td>II</td><td>с</td><td>2</td><td>require steel toe shoes</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>crush</td><td>rolling/falling stock</td><td>hands</td><td>III</td><td>B</td><td>z</td><td>wear leather gloves when handling stock by hand</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></t…

[15] Toolbox Talk: Job Hazard Analysis

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# JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS the ease e, plea e, our organ our a a Risk Assessment plea organ include Hazard Chemical Date Posted: 05/13/2025 # Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) A job hazard analysis (JHA) analyzes a task's associated hazards and risks and focuses on identifying and controlling hazards. Utilizing the JHA will provide a process for analyzing the work activities that will determine the tools, materials, and equipment needed to develop work methods and procedures for accomplishing the task. The process will identify existing and potential hazards, assess the risk, and identify ways to eliminate or protect against the hazard. ## STEPS FOR COMPLETING A JHA In accordance with WAC 296-800-[redacted postal code] - Hazard Assessment for PPE, a hazard assessment must be conducted to identify hazards or potential hazards and determine if PPE necessary on the job. Additionally, this hazard assessment must be documented according to WAC 296-800-[redacted postal code]. The steps required for completing a quality hazard assessment are as follows: is • Involve the Right People in the Process: Employees who do the job know the job best at the frontline level, and their knowledge is valuable in identifying hazards and coming up with solutions to mitigate hazards. - Define the core tasks and Break the Hazard Analysis into Steps: In the first step, separate each job into all the individual segments of the job. The simplest way to do it is observe the worker doing the task and list the individual steps. to - Observe the work: Watch employees perform the task in question. • Record steps: Break down tasks into a reasonable number of steps. • • - Review your findings: Review your task lists with the employees you observe. Are you missing any necessary steps? - Identify specific hazards in Each Step: With all the steps outlined, identify each hazard associated with each step. Some hazards will be obvious (risk of laceration, fall, struck by, caught in or between, etc.…

[16] Job Hazard Analysis

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NEW YORK COMMITTEE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH NYCOSH # Job Hazard Analysis Job hazard analysis is a procedure used to review a job, identify potential hazards, and design actions and procedures to eliminate or control the hazards. Job hazard analysis is also called job hazard assessment. ## OSHA 1910.132(d)(1) requires job hazard analysis: "The employer shall assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).” A job hazard analysis has several steps: ● Select the job to be analyzed. • Break the job down into a sequence of steps. • Identify potential hazards. • Determine preventive measures ("fixes") to overcome these hazards. Issues to be considered in selecting jobs to be analyzed include: • How often injuries or illnesses occur or how severe they are. • The potential for severe injuries or illnesses. • New job tasks where due to hazards may not be evident or anticipated. • Modified jobs where new hazards may be associated with changes in job procedures. • Infrequently performed jobs where workers may be at greater risk when undertaking non-routine jobs. Methods for eliminating or controlling the hazards must follow the guidelines of the hierarchy of controls of hazards. These methods, in order of preference, are: 1. Eliminate the hazard. This is the most effective measure. These techniques should be used to eliminate the hazards: - Choose a different process. • Modify an existing process. • Substitute a less hazardous substance. • Improve the work environment (example: ventilation). • Modify or change equipment or tools. 2. Contain the hazard. If the hazard cannot be eliminated, risk might be reduced by using enclosures, machine guards, worker booths or similar devices. 3. Revise work procedures. Consideration might be given to modifying steps which are hazardous, changing the sequence of steps, or adding additional…

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