Give me a JHA for Framing a 3 story house in California

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# What are elements to consider when writing a fall protection plan? Develop the fall protection plan by involving those individuals with direct experience and whose work will be most impacted. This involvement will allow for input from supervisors and workers whose work involves fall hazards. Involve the joint health and safety committee or representative during the plan development as well. Fall arrest planning includes the steps necessary to prevent the worker from hitting the ground, material, equipment, or lower level of a structure. Determine the fall clearance distance below the work area to make sure that if a worker falls, they do not hit the ground. Workers may swing from side to side when they fall (called the pendulum effect), which also must be taken into consideration. A worker who has fallen and is hanging suspended will need to be rescued by others. A site-specific fall protection plan will incorporate many items, including: - site location (address, description, work area, tasks) - site-specific fall hazards (e.g., maximum height(s), roof slope if applicable, proximity to power lines, ground cover, etc.) - type of fall protection to be used, - protection to be used, including anchor points, and clearance requirements - procedures for fall protection equipment inspection, set-up, use, and removal - any other requirements before beginning work (e.g., presence of first aid or rescue personnel, other safety equipment, barricades, etc.) - rescue procedures - worker sign off ## Who has responsibilities for fall hazards? An employer must: - Develop written fall protection policy and procedures relevant for the workplace. - Identify all areas where there is a potential of injury due to fall. - Prioritize using passive fall arrest systems, such as guardrails, travel restraint, or fall- restricting systems over only relying on personal fall arrest systems. - Develop fall arrest rescue procedures which detail how to return workers safely to…

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# How do I "identify potential hazards"? (cont.) <table><tr><th>Sequence of Events</th><th>Potential Incidents or Hazards</th><th>Preventive Measures</th></tr><tr><td>1. Park vehicle</td><td>a) Vehicle too close to passing traffic b) Vehicle on uneven, soft ground c) Vehicle may roll</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>2. Remove the spare tire and tool kit</td><td>a) Strain from lifting spare tire</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3. Pry off the hub cap and loosen lug bolts (nuts)</td><td>a) Hub cap may pop off and hit you b) Lug wrench may slip</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>And so on</td><td>a)</td><td></td></tr></table> Again, all participants should jointly review this part of the analysis. ## How do I "determine preventive measures?" The next step in a job safety analysis is to determine ways to eliminate the hazards or control the risks identified. Hazards should be controlled using the hierarchy of controls. The hierarchy of controls is a step-by-step approach to eliminating or reducing workplace hazards. For more information, please see the OSH Answers on Hierarchy of Controls. Following the same principles as the hierarchy of controls, you would implement preventive measures in the following order of preference: ## 1. Eliminate the hazard Elimination is the most effective measure. These techniques should be used to eliminate the hazards: - Choose a different process - Modify an existing process - Substitute with less hazardous product - Improve environment (e.g., ventilation) - Modify or change equipment or tools In the hierarchy of controls, these would be elimination or substitution controls. 2. Contain the hazard Job Safety Analysis CCOHS

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# What are the benefits of doing a job safety analysis? (cont.) ## Who should conduct a job safety analysis? (cont.) The basic steps in conducting a job safety analysis are: - Select the job to be analyzed - Break the job down into a sequence of steps - Identify potential hazards - Determine preventive measures to control these hazards - Communicate the results ## What is important to know when "selecting the job"? Ideally, all jobs should be subjected to a job safety analysis. In some cases, practical constraints are posed by the amount of time and effort required to do a job safety analysis. Another consideration is that each job safety analysis will require revision whenever equipment, raw materials, processes, or the environment changes. For these reasons, it is usually necessary to identify which jobs are to be analyzed. Even if an analysis of all jobs is planned, this step ensures that the most critical jobs are examined first. Factors to be considered in setting a priority for the analysis of jobs include: - Incident frequency and severity: jobs where incidents occur frequently or where they occur infrequently but result in serious injuries. - Potential for severe injuries or illnesses: the consequences of an incident, hazardous condition, or exposure to harmful products are potentially severe. - Newly established jobs: due to lack of experience in these jobs, hazards may not be evident or anticipated. - Modified jobs: new hazards may be associated with changes in job procedures. - Infrequently performed jobs: workers may be at greater risk when undertaking non- routine jobs, and a JSA provides a means of reviewing hazards. ## How do I break the job into "basic steps"? After a job has been chosen for analysis, the next stage is to break the job into steps. A job step is defined as a segment of the operation necessary to advance the work. Job Safety Analysis CCOHS

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# What are elements to consider when writing a fall protection plan? (cont.) ## Does the fall protection plan include a rescue plan? (cont.) - Designate, educate, and train those who will conduct the rescue. - Identify on-site first aid personnel and include all contact information. - List the first aid equipment thatmust be on site. - Provide contact information for local emergency medical and fire services, if needed. - Identify all emergency exits and access routes within the worksite. - Identify all available systems of communications. Make sure there is a backup system for the primary mode of communication. - Include procedures for rescue, including rope rescue, retrieval lines, location of anchor points, etc. - Include procedures for using any powered mobile equipment, mechanical hoisting systems or elevating devices that may be required during the rescue. - Detail procedures necessary to clear and secure work areas while they remain unsafe or if any ongoing work would obstruct a rescue. - Educate and train workers performing work at height so they understand what they must do after a fall and during a rescue operation. - Be reviewed and amended on a regular schedule, after relevant changes to the worksite, and after all rescues or related incidents. Fact sheet last revised: 2023-01-25 ## Disclaimer Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy, currency and completeness of the information, CCOHS does not guarantee, warrant, represent or undertake that the information provided is correct, accurate or current. CCOHS is not liable for any loss, claim, or demand arising directly or indirectly from any use or reliance upon the information. Fall Protection - Fall Protection Plan (General) CCOHS

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# How do I "identify potential hazards"? (cont.) ## 1. Eliminate the hazard (cont.) If the hazard cannot be eliminated, contact might be prevented by using enclosures, machine guards, worker booths or similar devices. These are generally engineering controls. ## 3. Revise work procedures Consideration might be given to modifying steps which are hazardous, changing the sequence of steps, or adding additional steps (such as locking out energy sources). Work procedures and training fall under administrative controls. ## 4. Reduce the exposure These measures are the least effective and should only be used if no other solutions are possible. One way of minimizing exposure is to reduce the number of times the hazard is encountered. An example would be modifying machinery so that less maintenance is necessary. The use of appropriate personal protective equipment may be required. To reduce the severity of an incident, emergency facilities, such as eyewash stations, may need to be provided. This preventive measure is also an administrative control. Reducing the exposure may include using personal protective equipment. It is important to note that personal protective equipment can limit exposure to the harmful effects of a hazard, but only if the personal protective equipment is worn and used correctly. In listing the preventive measures, do not use general statements such as "be careful" or "use caution." Specific statements which describe both what action is to be taken and how it is to be performed are preferable. The recommended measures are listed in the right-hand column of the worksheet, numbered to match the hazard in question. For example: Job Safety Analysis CCOHS

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# Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cont.) ## I. Statement of Company Policy (cont.) Safety policy and procedure on any one project cannot be administered, implemented, monitored and enforced by any one individual. The total objective of a safe, accident free work environment can only be accomplished by a dedicated, concerted effort by every individual involved with the project from management down to the last employee. Each employee must understand their value to the company; the costs of accidents, both monetary, physical, and emotional; the objective of the safety policy and procedures; the safety rules that apply to the safety policy and procedures; and what their individual role is in administering, implementing, monitoring, and compliance of their safety policy and procedures. This allows for a more personal approach to compliance through planning, training, understanding and cooperative effort, rather than by strict enforcement. If for any reason an unsafe act persists, strict enforcement will be implemented. It is the responsibility of (name of competent person) to implement this Fall Protection Plan. (Name of Competent Person) is responsible for continual observational safety checks of their work operations and to enforce the safety policy and procedures. The foreman also is responsible to correct any unsafe acts or conditions immediately. It is the responsibility of the employee to understand and adhere to the procedures of this plan and to follow the instructions of the foreman. It is also the responsibility of the employee to bring to management's attention any unsafe or hazardous conditions or acts that may cause injury to either themselves or any other employees. Any changes to this Fall Protection Plan must be approved by (name of Qualified Person). II. Fall Protection Systems To Be Used on This Project Where conventional fall protection is infeasible or creates a greater hazard at the leading edge and during initial connecting activ…

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# What are elements to consider when writing a fall protection plan? (cont.) ## Who has responsibilities for fall hazards? (cont.) - Educate and train workers and supervisors to understand and properly fulfill their role in fall protection and prevention. Workers should have easy access to policies and procedures so the directions can be reviewed when needed. - Make sure workers are instructed in all of the fall-protection methods or systems used and, in the post-fall rescue procedure before being allowed into an area where there is a risk of falling. - Make sure the fall-arresting system consists of the required components, including full body harness, self-retracting lanyard, energy absorbing lanyard or lanyard and energy absorber, and appropriate anchor point or horizontal life line. - Make sure all protective equipment, clothing or devices are provided, used, and maintained in good condition. - Make sure PPE is used effectively according to the policies and procedures, legal requirements, and the manufacturer's specifications. - Review and amend the fall protection plan when necessary, on a regular schedule. - Review and amend the fall protection plan after relevant workplace changes. - Review and improve the fall protection plan after each fall or near-miss incident. A supervisor must: - Make sure workers follow applicable legal requirements and the workplace policy and procedures regarding fall protection. - Inform workers about fall hazards and how to work safely at heights. - Make sure workers use and know how to wear the appropriate fall protection equipment. - Act on information provided by workers (e.g., safety concerns about the situation, when equipment is broken, defective, or missing, etc.). - Participate in fall protection planning where relevant and when requested. A worker must: worker must: - Alert the supervisor about previous unidentified fall hazards before beginning or continuing any work. - Participate in fall pr…

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# Fall Protection - Hierarchy of Control (cont.) ## What administrative controls can be used? (cont.) Personal protective equipment includes various methods, including: - Travel Restraint: A travel restraint system restricts workers' movements in the fall hazard area by allowing them to reach the edge, but they cannot fall over the edge. Travel restraint is often used for leading-edge work that has an unprotected floor, roof, deck, or other walking or working surface. - Fall Arrest: The fall arrest system is designed to catch the worker in the event of a fall. If the fall arrest system is not appropriately planned, designed, and installed, the worker may be injured during the fall, including the potential to bottom out. - Safety nets: Safety nets are considered a passive fall protection system that can be installed as either a barrier to prevent a fall or beneath the work to catch a falling worker. Safety nets are designed to decrease the fall distance, absorb the energy of a fall, and reduce the likelihood or seriousness of an injury. Fact sheet first published: 2022-09-15 Fact sheet last revised: 2022-09-15 ## Disclaimer Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy, currency and completeness of the information, CCOHS does not guarantee, warrant, represent or undertake that the information provided is correct, accurate or current. CCOHS is not liable for any loss, claim, or demand arising directly or indirectly from any use or reliance upon the information. Fall Protection - Hierarchy of Control CCOHS

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# How do I "identify potential hazards"? Once the basic steps have been recorded, actual and potential hazards must be identified at each step. Based on observations of the job, knowledge of incident and injury causes, and personal experience, list the things that could be unsafe at each step. A second observation of the job being performed may be needed. Since the basic steps have already been recorded, more attention can now be focused on each hazard. At this stage, no attempt is made to solve any problems or correct any hazards which may have been detected. To help identify potential hazards, the job analyst may use questions such as these (this is not a complete list): - Can any body part get caught in or between objects? - Do tools, machines, or equipment present any hazards? - Can the worker make harmful contact with moving objects? - Can the worker slip, trip, or fall? - Can the worker suffer strain from lifting, pushing, or pulling? - Is the worker exposed to extreme heat or cold? - Is excessive noise or vibration a problem? - Is there a danger from falling objects? - Is lighting a problem? - Can weather conditions affect safety? - Is harmful radiation a possibility? - Can contact be made with hot, toxic, or caustic products? - Are there dusts, fumes, mists, or vapours in the air? Potential hazards are listed in the middle column of the worksheet, numbered to match the corresponding job step. For example: Job Safety Analysis CCOHS

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# Non-Mandatory Sample Fall Protection Plan for Residential Construction August 2005 (cont.) ## COMPANY POLICY (cont.) that every employee who works for recognizes workplace fall hazards and (Company Name) takes the appropriate measures to address those hazards. ## IMPLEMENTATION This Plan is designed to enable employees to recognize the fall hazards associated with this job and to establish the safest procedures that are to be followed in order to prevent falls. It is the responsibility of to implement this Fall Protection Plan. Continual (Name of Competent Person) observational safety checks of work operations and the enforcement of this Plan shall be regularly enforced. is responsible for correcting any unsafe practices or conditions (Name of Competent Person) - immediately. Any changes to this Plan must be approved by (Name of Qualified Person) It is the responsibility of the employer to ensure that all employees understand and adhere to the procedures of this Plan and to follow the instructions of - It is the (Name of Competent Person) responsibility of each employee to bring attention to any unsafe or hazardous conditions or practices that may cause injury to either themselves or any other employees. Each employee will be trained in these procedures established in this Plan and will strictly adhere to them except when doing so would expose the employee to a greater hazard. If, in the employee's opinion, this is the case, the employee is to notify (Name of Competent Person) of their concern and have the concern addressed before proceeding. 87

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# INFEASIBILITY/GREATER HAZARD During residential construction, sometimes it is infeasible or creates a greater hazard to use fall protection systems or a measure established in 803 KAR 2:412 at specific areas of the job. This Fall Protection Plan addresses the use of fall protection on this project and those locations that require alternative means of fall protection. In the locations identified in this Plan, fall protection systems or a measure established in 803 KAR 2:412 is infeasible / creates a greater hazard - (Choose and circle one) ## ALTERNATIVE MEASURE(s) This Plan establishes the safest procedures to be followed at the work site to prevent falls when it is infeasible or creates a greater hazard to comply with 803 KAR 2:412. These alternative measures reduce the risk of falling and are designed to accomplish the work with minimum employee exposure to fall hazards. Possible alternative measures include, but are not limited to scaffolds, scissor lifts, aerial lifts, use of ladders, and safety monitor system with warning line system, and catch platforms. ## CONTROLLED ACCESS ZONE(s) When using this Plan, employees must be protected through limited access to high hazard locations. Before any alternatives are used as part of this Plan, a controlled access zone (CAZ) shall be clearly defined and under the control of - The demarcation of the CAZ shall be in (Name of Competent Person) accordance with 29 CFR 1926.502(g). All access to the CAZ is restricted to authorized entrants. All workers who are permitted in the CAZ shall be listed in the appropriate sections of this Plan and be identifiable by prior to implementation of the CAZ. (Name of Competent Person) shall ensure that all protective elements of the CAZ are (Name of Competent Person) implemented prior to the beginning of work. 89