Write a risk assessment for Job hazard analysis
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Published by SALUSRisk Assessment and Job Hazard Analysis (JHA/JSA) Procedures for Workplace Hazard Identification and Control ============================================================================================================
Assessment Date: \[DATE]
Assessor: \[ASSESSOR NAME]
Department/Area: \[DEPARTMENT/AREA]
Review Date: \[REVIEW DATE]
1\. Assessment Scope
This assessment covers the systematic use of job hazard analysis (JHA) and job safety analysis (JSA) methods to identify workplace hazards, evaluate risk levels, and implement controls for routine and non-routine tasks. It applies to task planning, pre-job briefings, work execution, and post-job review activities across the workplace. The scope includes hazards associated with tools, equipment, materials, work methods, the physical environment, and human factors, as well as the selection of personal protective equipment where required. It excludes detailed engineering design reviews, medical surveillance programs, and site-specific emergency response plans that are maintained as separate controlled documents, except where those topics directly affect task-level hazard control.
2\. Risk Assessment Methodology
A structured JHA/JSA methodology is used to break work into discrete steps, identify hazards at each step, evaluate the likelihood and severity of harm, and assign an overall risk rating using a consistent qualitative scale of Low, Medium, High, and Extreme. The assessment follows the hierarchy of controls in order of preference: elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and PPE. The process includes worker involvement, observation of the task, review of findings with employees, and documentation of hazards and controls. The assessment is treated as a living document and must be updated when conditions, equipment, procedures, or hazards change.
3\. Risk Matrix Reference
The following matrix is used to evaluate risk levels based on likelihood and severity:
| Likelihood |
|---|
| Rare | Unlikely | Possible | Likely | Almost Certain | | Severity | Catastrophic | Low | Low | Medium | Medium | High | | Major | Low | Medium | Medium | High | High | | Moderate | Medium | Medium | High | High | Extreme | | Minor | Medium | High | High | Extreme | Extreme | | Negligible | High | High | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
4\. Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation
1\. Inadequate task planning or failure to break work into discrete steps, resulting in missed hazards during the JHA/JSA process.
Potential Consequences: Critical hazards may remain unidentified, leading to incidents such as injuries, equipment damage, exposure to hazardous energy, or ineffective PPE selection. [1] [1] [5]
Affected Persons: Workers performing the task, supervisors, maintenance personnel, contractors, and nearby workers who rely on the analysis.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Likely | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate unnecessary or redundant task steps where possible.
- Standardize the JHA/JSA process so every task is analyzed using the same method.
- Require direct observation of the work and employee participation in the analysis.
- Use administrative controls such as pre-job briefings, documented task steps, and formal review of findings.
- Provide PPE only after hazards are identified and other controls are considered.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
2\. Exposure to moving machinery, unguarded tools, or improper use of equipment during task execution.
Potential Consequences: Cuts, amputations, crushing injuries, entanglement, struck-by injuries, or fatal trauma may occur if equipment is used without adequate safeguards. [3] [3] [2]
Affected Persons: Operators, helpers, maintenance staff, and nearby workers.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Catastrophic | Extreme |
Control Measures
- Eliminate the hazard by redesigning the task so the work can be completed without exposure to moving parts.
- Substitute safer tools or equipment with built-in safety features.
- Install engineering controls such as guards, interlocks, barriers, or enclosures.
- Use administrative controls including safe work procedures, equipment inspections, and training on correct tool use.
- Require appropriate PPE such as eye protection, gloves, and protective footwear where residual risk remains.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
3\. Work at height, including use of ladders, platforms, or elevated access equipment.
Potential Consequences: Falls from height can cause fractures, head injuries, spinal trauma, or death. [4] [4] [4]
Affected Persons: Workers performing elevated work, spotters, and persons below the work area.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Catastrophic | Extreme |
Control Measures
- Eliminate work at height by completing tasks from the ground whenever feasible.
- Substitute a safer access method such as an elevating work platform instead of a ladder where appropriate.
- Install engineering controls such as guardrails, toe boards, and fall arrest anchor points.
- Use administrative controls including fall protection plans, work-at-height procedures, pre-use inspections, and rescue planning.
- Require PPE such as fall arrest systems, head protection, high-visibility clothing, protective footwear, and eye protection as applicable.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
4\. Slips, trips, and falls caused by wet floors, uneven surfaces, poor housekeeping, or obstructed walkways.
Potential Consequences: Sprains, fractures, head injuries, lost-time injuries, and secondary incidents from falls into equipment or traffic paths may occur. [1] [3] [8]
Affected Persons: Workers, visitors, contractors, and members of the public in shared areas.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Likely | Moderate | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate spill sources and remove unnecessary obstacles from walkways.
- Substitute safer floor treatments or materials where practical.
- Use engineering controls such as anti-slip surfaces, drainage, barriers, and adequate lighting.
- Apply administrative controls including housekeeping standards, spill response procedures, signage, and routine inspections.
- Use PPE such as slip-resistant footwear where required by the task and environment.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Minor | Low |
5\. Manual handling, repetitive motion, and awkward postures during task performance or setup.
Potential Consequences: Musculoskeletal disorders, strains, sprains, fatigue, reduced concentration, and increased likelihood of secondary incidents may result. [1] [9] [3]
Affected Persons: Workers performing repetitive or forceful tasks, especially new or inexperienced workers.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Likely | Moderate | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate unnecessary manual handling by redesigning the task or workflow.
- Substitute mechanical aids or alternative methods that reduce force and repetition.
- Use engineering controls such as lift assists, carts, adjustable workstations, and ergonomic tools.
- Apply administrative controls including job rotation, work-rest cycles, training on body mechanics, and early reporting of discomfort.
- Provide PPE only where it supports the task, such as grip-enhancing gloves, without relying on PPE as the primary control.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Minor | Medium |
6\. Exposure to hazardous chemicals, including inhalation, skin contact, or splash hazards during handling, mixing, or cleanup.
Potential Consequences: Chemical burns, dermatitis, respiratory irritation, poisoning, eye injury, fire, or environmental release may occur. [10] [12] [3]
Affected Persons: Workers handling chemicals, cleaners, maintenance staff, and nearby personnel.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate hazardous chemicals where a non-hazardous process can be used.
- Substitute less hazardous substances, such as water-based products instead of solvent-based products where feasible.
- Use engineering controls such as local exhaust ventilation, closed transfer systems, and chemical storage cabinets.
- Apply administrative controls including SDS review, labeling, training, spill procedures, and restricted access.
- Require PPE such as chemical-resistant gloves, eye and face protection, protective clothing, and respiratory protection when justified by the hazard assessment.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Moderate | Medium |
7\. Electrical exposure from damaged cords, exposed conductors, temporary power, or improper isolation of energy sources.
Potential Consequences: Electric shock, burns, arc flash injuries, fire, equipment damage, or fatal electrocution may occur. [3] [2] [7]
Affected Persons: Electricians, maintenance workers, operators, contractors, and anyone in the vicinity of energized equipment.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Catastrophic | Extreme |
Control Measures
- Eliminate exposure by de-energizing equipment before work begins whenever possible.
- Substitute lower-voltage or battery-powered equipment where practical.
- Use engineering controls such as grounding, insulation, covers, barriers, and lockable disconnects.
- Apply administrative controls including lockout/tagout procedures, permit systems, inspections, and qualified-person requirements.
- Use PPE such as arc-rated clothing, insulated gloves, face protection, and dielectric footwear when energized work cannot be avoided.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
8\. Struck-by or caught-in/between hazards from vehicles, mobile equipment, or suspended loads.
Potential Consequences: Crushing injuries, fractures, amputations, internal injuries, or fatal trauma may occur if workers are in the line of fire. [3] [9] [3]
Affected Persons: Operators, riggers, spotters, pedestrians, contractors, and visitors.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Possible | Catastrophic | Extreme |
Control Measures
- Eliminate pedestrian exposure by separating work zones from vehicle routes where possible.
- Substitute remote handling methods or smaller equipment where feasible.
- Use engineering controls such as physical barriers, exclusion zones, alarms, mirrors, and load-rated lifting devices.
- Apply administrative controls including traffic management plans, spotter procedures, communication protocols, and competency requirements.
- Require PPE such as high-visibility clothing, head protection, protective footwear, and gloves as appropriate.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Major | Medium |
9\. Inadequate communication, supervision, or change management when conditions differ from the original JHA/JSA.
Potential Consequences: Workers may follow outdated controls, miss new hazards, or fail to respond correctly to changing conditions, increasing the likelihood of incidents. [1] [1] [11]
Affected Persons: Workers, supervisors, contractors, and any persons affected by the task.
Initial Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Likely | Major | High |
Control Measures
- Eliminate ambiguity by requiring a current, task-specific JHA/JSA before work starts.
- Substitute informal communication with structured pre-job briefings and documented change control.
- Use engineering controls where possible to reduce dependence on human memory, such as interlocks or physical barriers.
- Apply administrative controls including stop-work authority, revised briefings when conditions change, and supervisor verification.
- Use PPE as a supplementary measure only after higher-level controls are in place.
Residual Risk Assessment
| Likelihood | Severity | Risk Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Unlikely | Moderate | Medium |
5\. General Control Measures
- Require worker participation in hazard identification and control development.
Involve the employees who perform the task, observe the work, and review the findings with them before finalizing the JHA/JSA. [1] [1]
- Use the hierarchy of controls to select the most effective hazard controls first.
Prioritize elimination and substitution before relying on engineering controls, administrative controls, or PPE. [3] [6]
- Conduct routine workplace inspections and follow-up reviews to verify that controls remain effective.
Inspect tools, equipment, work areas, and work practices; investigate incidents and near misses; and update controls when deficiencies are found. [3] [3]
- Maintain a documented hazard assessment and keep it current when work conditions change.
Treat the JHA/JSA as a living document and revise it after changes to equipment, materials, procedures, staffing, or site conditions. [1] [11]
- Ensure PPE is selected only after higher-level controls have been considered and documented.
Use the hazard assessment to determine the specific PPE needed for the task, and verify that PPE matches the hazard type and exposure conditions. [12] [13]
6\. Emergency Preparedness
- Establish task-specific emergency response actions for falls, chemical exposure, electrical shock, struck-by incidents, and serious cuts or crush injuries. The response plan should define immediate first aid actions, emergency notification steps, and criteria for stopping work and evacuating the area. [4]
- Provide rescue and recovery arrangements where work at height, confined access, or energized systems create time-critical rescue needs. Rescue capability must be available before work begins, not developed after an incident occurs. [4]
- Ensure spill response materials, eyewash access, and decontamination procedures are available when chemical hazards are present. Workers must know how to isolate the area and prevent secondary exposure. [10]
- Implement stop-work and area-isolation procedures for uncontrolled hazards such as damaged guards, exposed electrical parts, unstable loads, or unexpected site conditions. Work must not resume until the hazard is reassessed and controls are verified. [3]
7\. Training Requirements
- JHA/JSA Process Training: Workers and supervisors must be trained to participate in the JHA/JSA process, break tasks into steps, identify hazards, and recommend controls. Training should emphasize that the analysis is task-specific and must be reviewed before work begins. [1]
- How to observe a task and document each step
- How to identify obvious and hidden hazards
- How to select controls using the hierarchy of controls
- How to update the analysis when conditions change
- Hierarchy of Controls Training: Employees and supervisors must understand the order of control preference and why elimination and substitution are more effective than PPE. Training should reinforce that PPE is the last line of defense, not the primary control. [3]
- Elimination
- Substitution
- Engineering controls
- Administrative controls
- PPE as last resort
- Task-Specific Hazard Training: Provide training on the specific hazards identified in the JHA/JSA, such as fall protection, chemical handling, electrical safety, machine guarding, traffic control, and manual handling. Training must include safe work procedures, warning signs, and emergency actions. [4]
- Fall protection and ladder safety
- Chemical handling and SDS awareness
- Lockout/tagout and electrical awareness
- Traffic management and struck-by prevention
- Ergonomic handling and use of mechanical aids
- Change Management and Refresher Training: Refresher training is required whenever the JHA/JSA is revised, when new equipment or materials are introduced, after incidents or near misses, and when workers are assigned to unfamiliar tasks. Training should confirm understanding of revised controls before work resumes. [11]
- After incidents or near misses
- After changes to equipment, materials, or procedures
- When new hazards are identified
- When workers are new to the task or workplace
8\. Monitoring and Review
Review Frequency: Annually, and immediately after incidents, near misses, changes in equipment, materials, procedures, staffing, or site conditions.
| Monitoring Type | Frequency | Responsible Party | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Regular Workplace Inspection | Before work starts and at defined intervals during the job | Supervisor or competent person | Inspect the work area, tools, equipment, access routes, and housekeeping conditions to confirm that hazards identified in the JHA/JSA remain controlled and that no new hazards have been introduced. [3] |
| Pre-Job Briefing Verification | Before each task or shift | Supervisor and crew lead | Verify that the current JHA/JSA has been reviewed with the crew, that site-specific hazards are understood, and that any changes in conditions have been communicated before work begins. [1] |
| Incident and Near-Miss Review | After every incident, injury, illness, or near miss | Supervisor, safety representative, and management | Investigate events to identify underlying hazards, control failures, and opportunities to revise the JHA/JSA and related procedures. [3] [11] |
| Control Effectiveness Review | Monthly or after any significant change | Supervisor and safety professional | Check whether control measures are functioning as intended, whether workers are following procedures, and whether additional controls are needed to reduce residual risk. [8] [8] |
| Document Review and Update | Annually and whenever work conditions change | Management and safety representative | Review the JHA/JSA for changes in tasks, equipment, materials, staffing, layout, or environmental conditions, and update the document to reflect current hazards and controls. [11] [1] |
9\. Special Circumstances
- Weather conditions such as rain, ice, heat, wind, or poor visibility can increase slip, trip, fall, transportation, and heat-stress risks. The JHA/JSA must be adjusted when weather affects safe access, visibility, or equipment stability. [1]
- Night work or reduced-light conditions can reduce visibility, increase fatigue, and make communication and hazard recognition more difficult. Additional lighting, supervision, and communication controls may be required. [9]
- Lone work increases the consequence of incidents because immediate assistance may not be available. Check-in procedures, communication devices, and emergency escalation steps are required. [9]
- New, inexperienced, or reassigned workers may not recognize hazards or may require additional supervision and training before performing the task independently. [9]
- Non-routine work such as maintenance, repair, cleaning, or emergency response often introduces hazards that are not present during normal operations and must be separately assessed. [9]
Approval and Sign-off
This risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by:
Assessor: _________________________ Date: __________
Manager/Supervisor: _________________________ Date: __________
Safety Representative: _________________________ Date: __________
This risk assessment must be reviewed annually, and immediately after incidents, near misses, changes in equipment, materials, procedures, staffing, or site conditions. or when significant changes occur.
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Sources used for this answer
[1] Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification
Page 3
Open source documentSource excerpt
# Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification (cont.) ## How are hazards identified? (cont.) - Job descriptions and demands analysis - Job safety analysis - Incident investigations - Documents and records - Hazard reporting by employees - Hazard mapping To be sure that all hazards are found: - Look at all aspects of the work and include non-routine activities such as maintenance, repair, or cleaning. - Look at the physical work environment, equipment, materials, products, etc. that are used. - Include the various steps that make up a task or activity. - Look at injury and incident records. - Talk to the workers: they know their job and its hazards best. - Include all shifts and people who work off-site, either at home, on other job sites, drivers, teleworkers, or with clients. - Look at the way the work is organized or done by different individuals (including the experience of people doing the work, systems being used, if alternate methods are being used, etc.). - Look at foreseeable unusual conditions (for example, possible impact on hazard control procedures that may be unavailable in an emergency situation, power outage, etc.). - Determine whether a product, machine, or equipment can be intentionally or unintentionally changed (such as a safety guard that could be removed). - Review all of the phases of the lifecycle of processes, products, and services (such as design, transportation, construction, dismantling, and disposal). - Examine risks to visitors or the public. - Consider the groups of people that may have a different level of risk, such as young or inexperienced workers, persons with disabilities, or new or expectant mothers. - Consider the psychosocial aspects of the job and the hazards that could be created. ## What types of hazards are there? A common way to classify hazards is by category: Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification CCOHS
[2] Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
Page 2
Open source documentSource excerpt
# What is Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)? It is a method for systematically identifying and evaluating hazards associated with a particular job or task. It is also called "job safety analysis (JSA)".
[3] Hazard and Risk - Sample Risk Assessment Form
Page 3
Open source documentSource excerpt
# What is a sample risk assessment form? (cont.) ## Sample Risk Assessment Form (cont.) <table><tr><th>Step or task</th><th>Hazard</th><th>Consequences or harm</th><th>Risk</th><th>Priority</th><th>Hazard Controls</th></tr><tr><td>EXAMPLE: Working at heights while on a ladder</td><td>Safety hazard: falling from heights</td><td>Serious injury due to a fall</td><td>High risk</td><td>1</td><td>Follow the hierarchy of controls for working at heights Elimination: when possible, perform work from the ground. Engineering controls: use an elevating work platform when appropriate. Administrative controls:</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>development of fall protection plans, safe work procedures, emergency response plans for working at heights, and adequate training (including working heights and fall protection training, elevating work platform training, ladder safety, training on safe work procedures and emergency response, etc.). Personal protective equipment: fall arrest system and equipment, head protection, high-visibility. clothing, protective footwear, face and eye protection, emergency response equipment, and other appropriate equipment for the job.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> Hazard and Risk - Sample Risk Assessment Form CCOHS
[4] Toolbox Talk: Hierarchy of Hazard Controls
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# HIERARCHY OF HAZARD CONTROLS (cont.) ## THE FIVE LEVELS OF THE HIERARCHY OF HAZARD CONTROLS (cont.) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): PPE is the fifth control level and the least effective hazard control method. PPE should only be used as the last line of defense when other forms of control are not possible or practical. Example: PPE includes clothing, gloves, and other items that protect the body from hazardous exposure. ## DON'T FORGET TO REVIEW HAZARD CONTROL MEASURES! Review your control measures to ensure they are relevant and keep workers safe. When reviewing hazard control measures, consider the following: • Are the control measures working effectively in both their design and operation? • Are the control measures creating new problems or hazards? • Are you missing any hazards? • Are the new work methods, equipment, or chemicals making the job safer? • Are all employees following the safety procedures? • Do your employees need more instruction and training on how to work safely? • Are your employees actively identifying hazards and possible control measures? • Are your employees raising health and safety concerns and reporting problems promptly? • Are the frequency and severity of health and safety incidents reducing? ## RESOURCES Hierarchy of Controls | NIOSH | CDC Identifying Hazard Control Options: The Hierarchy of Controls (osha.gov)
[5] Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
Page 26
Open source documentSource excerpt
# Reviewing a Job Hazard Analysis - Periodically reviewing your job hazard analysis ensures that it remains current and continues to help reduce workplace accidents and injuries. Even if the job has not changed, it is possible that during the review process you will identify hazards that were not identified in the initial analysis. - It is especially important to review your job hazard analysis if an illness or injury occurs on a specific job. Based on the circumstances, you may determine that you need to change the job procedures or provide additional controls to prevent similar incidents in the future. This is also true in a close call, or near miss situation where an injury was barely avoided. - Any time you revise a job hazard analysis, it is important to train all employees affected by the changes in the job methods, procedures, or protective measures adopted.
[6] Toolbox Talk: Hierarchy of Hazard Controls
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# HIERARCHY OF HAZARD CONTROLS ELIMINATION SUBSTITUTION ENGINEERING CONTROLS ADMINIGOLS TIVE PPE MOTIVE LESS EFFECTIVE Date Posted: 02/17/2024 The hierarchy of hazard controls pyramid is a systematic workflow to provide the most effective control measure for workplace hazards. The tool is used worldwide and prescribes a method to always begin with eliminating any hazards you identify in the workplace. The hierarchy of controls is helpful to aid workers in identifying the most effective way to control a particular hazard. Employers can use the hierarchy of controls to ensure they take the most effective measures to protect their employees from hazards. When faced with a specific hazard in the workplace, use the hierarchy of hazard control as a step-by-step process to determine the best action for controlling or eliminating the hazard. The hierarchy of controls is also helpful for developing a hazard control plan, where you can implement the selected controls in the workplace. The hierarchy of controls is an inverted pyramid with five levels, from most effective to least effective: • Elimination - The physical removal of the hazard. • Substitution - Replacing something that produces a hazard. • Engineering Controls - Isolate people from the hazard. • Administrative Controls - Change the way people work. • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - Protect the workers with personal protective equipment (PPE). ## WHAT IS A HAZARD? A hazard can be an object, a material, a substance, a condition, a process, or even a behavior. Some examples are falling from rooftops or heights, unguarded tools or machinery, being struck by heavy equipment, being caught in between hazards (such as unprotected trench or excavation), temperature extremes, and exposed electrical circuits or parts that may cause shock or electrocution. ## HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT ACTIONS Below are some hazard identification and assessment actions that should regularly be undertaken: • Id…
[7] Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification (cont.) ## How do I know what is a hazard? (cont.) Where # can I find more information about hazards? It may be necessary to research what could be a hazard as well as how much harm that hazard might cause. Sources of information include: - Safety Data Sheets (SDSs). - Manufacturer's operating instructions, manuals, etc. - Test or monitor for exposure (occupational hygiene testing such as chemical or noise exposure). - Results of any job safety analysis. - Experiences of other organizations similar to yours. - Trade or safety associations. - Information, publications, alerts, etc., published by reputable organizations, labour unions, or government agencies. - Subject matter experts, stakeholders, and workers. - Physical demands analysis, job demands analysis. - Past experiences, statistics, and incident reports. ## What if I am new to the task or the workplace? If you are new to that task or to your workplace, to learn about the hazards of your job, you can: - Ask your supervisor. - Ask a member of the health and safety committee or your health and safety representative. - Ask about standard operating procedures and precautions for your job. - Check product labels and safety data sheets. - Pay attention to signs and other warnings in your work. - Watch for posters or instructions at the entrance of a chemical storage room that warn of hazardous products. - Ask about operating instructions, safe work procedures, processes, etc. Ask to review the risk assessment and relevant procedures before starting work. Hazard and Risk - Hazard Identification CCOHS
[8] Personal Protective Equipment Hazard Assessment
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# What types of PPE may be necessary? Your hazard assessment should determine if your employees need any of the following types of PPE: - Eye and face protection ◆ Fall protection - Foot protection • Hand/general skin protection - Head protection • Hearing protection • Leg protection ● Personal floatation device • Respiratory protection • Torso/general body protection ## How to do a PPE hazard assessment ## Do a baseline survey to identify workplace hazards A baseline survey is a thorough evaluation of your entire workplace - including work processes, tasks, and equipment - that identifies safety and health hazards. A complete survey will tell you what the hazards are, where they are, and how severe a potential injury could be. ## Suggestions: Use safety data sheets (SDS) to identify chemical hazards. A safety data sheet has detailed information about a hazardous chemical's health effects, its physical and chemical characteristics, and safe handling practices. Review equipment owner and operator manuals to determine the manufacturer's safety warnings and recommended PPE. Conduct a job-hazard analysis (JHA) - a method of identifying, assessing, and controlling hazards associated with specific jobs. A JHA breaks down a job into tasks. You evaluate each task to determine if there is a safer way to do it. A job-hazard analysis works well for jobs with difficult-to-control hazards and jobs with histories of accidents or near misses. JHAS for complex jobs can take a considerable amount of time and expertise to develop. You may want to have a safety professional help you. Have an experienced safety professional survey your workplace with you. 4
[9] Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# Eliminating or controlling hazards Once hazards are identified, eliminate or control them. ox Most Effective Least Effective At the Source Along the Path At the Worker Elimination "Exhaust Ventilation Administrative Controls *Substitution ▪Machine Guards "Personal Protective Enclose the source Equipment (PPE)
[10] Hazard and Risk - Hierarchy of Controls
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# Hierarchy of Controls Most effective ELIMINATION SUBSTITUTION ENGINEERING CONTROLS ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS PPE Least effective Figure 1: Hierarchy of Control Some sources may use a variation of this hierarchy of controls. For example, the CSA Standard 1002-12 (R2022): Occupational health and safety — Hazard identification and elimination and risk assessment and control includes a layer called "systems that increase awareness of potential hazards". For example, visual or audible alarms or warning signs. This systems layer is placed in between engineering controls and administrative controls. Regardless of the number of layers included, the hierarchy should be considered in the order presented (it is always best to try to eliminate the hazard first, etc.). What is meant by elimination? Hazard and Risk - Hierarchy of Controls CCOHS
[11] Toolbox Talk: Job Hazard Analysis
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS the ease e, plea e, our organ our a a Risk Assessment plea organ include Hazard Chemical Date Posted: 05/13/2025 # Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) A job hazard analysis (JHA) analyzes a task's associated hazards and risks and focuses on identifying and controlling hazards. Utilizing the JHA will provide a process for analyzing the work activities that will determine the tools, materials, and equipment needed to develop work methods and procedures for accomplishing the task. The process will identify existing and potential hazards, assess the risk, and identify ways to eliminate or protect against the hazard. ## STEPS FOR COMPLETING A JHA In accordance with WAC 296-800-[redacted postal code] - Hazard Assessment for PPE, a hazard assessment must be conducted to identify hazards or potential hazards and determine if PPE necessary on the job. Additionally, this hazard assessment must be documented according to WAC 296-800-[redacted postal code]. The steps required for completing a quality hazard assessment are as follows: is • Involve the Right People in the Process: Employees who do the job know the job best at the frontline level, and their knowledge is valuable in identifying hazards and coming up with solutions to mitigate hazards. - Define the core tasks and Break the Hazard Analysis into Steps: In the first step, separate each job into all the individual segments of the job. The simplest way to do it is observe the worker doing the task and list the individual steps. to - Observe the work: Watch employees perform the task in question. • Record steps: Break down tasks into a reasonable number of steps. • • - Review your findings: Review your task lists with the employees you observe. Are you missing any necessary steps? - Identify specific hazards in Each Step: With all the steps outlined, identify each hazard associated with each step. Some hazards will be obvious (risk of laceration, fall, struck by, caught in or between, etc.…
[12] Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Guide
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Open source documentSource excerpt
# Option 2 # Job Hazard Analysis for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Assessment Job/Task: Location: <table><tr><th>Job/Task Step</th><th>Hazard Type</th><th>Hazard Source</th><th>Body Parts At Risk</th><th>Severity</th><th>Probability</th><th>Risk Code</th><th>Control Method¹</th></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table> (1) Note: Engineering, work practice, and/or administrative hazard controls such as guarding must be used, if feasible, before requiring employees to use personal protective equipment. Certification of Assessment *Name of work place: <empty> *Address: <empty> *Assessment Conducted By: <empty> Title: <empty> *Date(s) of Assessment: <empty> Implementation of Controls Approved By: <empty> Title: <empty> Date: <empty> Page 24 24 24
[13] Job Hazard Analysis
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Open source documentSource excerpt
NEW YORK COMMITTEE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH NYCOSH # Job Hazard Analysis Job hazard analysis is a procedure used to review a job, identify potential hazards, and design actions and procedures to eliminate or control the hazards. Job hazard analysis is also called job hazard assessment. ## OSHA 1910.132(d)(1) requires job hazard analysis: "The employer shall assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).” A job hazard analysis has several steps: ● Select the job to be analyzed. • Break the job down into a sequence of steps. • Identify potential hazards. • Determine preventive measures ("fixes") to overcome these hazards. Issues to be considered in selecting jobs to be analyzed include: • How often injuries or illnesses occur or how severe they are. • The potential for severe injuries or illnesses. • New job tasks where due to hazards may not be evident or anticipated. • Modified jobs where new hazards may be associated with changes in job procedures. • Infrequently performed jobs where workers may be at greater risk when undertaking non-routine jobs. Methods for eliminating or controlling the hazards must follow the guidelines of the hierarchy of controls of hazards. These methods, in order of preference, are: 1. Eliminate the hazard. This is the most effective measure. These techniques should be used to eliminate the hazards: - Choose a different process. • Modify an existing process. • Substitute a less hazardous substance. • Improve the work environment (example: ventilation). • Modify or change equipment or tools. 2. Contain the hazard. If the hazard cannot be eliminated, risk might be reduced by using enclosures, machine guards, worker booths or similar devices. 3. Revise work procedures. Consideration might be given to modifying steps which are hazardous, changing the sequence of steps, or adding additional…
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